Editing Endometriosis (section)

==Epidemiology==
Determining how many people have endometriosis is challenging because a definitive diagnosis requires surgical visualization through laparoscopic surgery.<ref name="Risk">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shafrir AL, Farland LV, Shah DK, Harris HR, Kvaskoff M, Zondervan K, Missmer SA |date=August 2018 |title=Risk for and consequences of endometriosis: A&nbsp;critical epidemiologic review |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:39cf959c-3942-4d04-b99f-7be23c31217f |journal=Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology |volume=51 |pages=1–15 |doi=10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2018.06.001 |pmid=30017581 |s2cid=51679656 |archive-date=23 October 2020 |access-date=23 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023011153/https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:39cf959c-3942-4d04-b99f-7be23c31217f |url-status=live }}</ref> Criteria that are commonly used to establish a diagnosis include pelvic pain, infertility, surgical assessment, and in some cases, magnetic resonance imaging. An ultrasound can identify large clumps of tissue as potential endometriosis lesions and ovarian cysts, but it is not effective for all patients, especially in cases with smaller, superficial lesions.<ref>{{cite web |title=Endometriosis Ultrasound: Procedure, Diagnosis, & Follow Up |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/21814-endometriosis-ultrasound |access-date=7 March 2022 |website=Cleveland Clinic |archive-date=7 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307193518/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/21814-endometriosis-ultrasound |url-status=live }}</ref>

Ethnic differences in endometriosis have been observed. The condition is more common in women of [[East Asian people|East Asian]] and [[Southeast Asia]]n descent than in White women.<ref name=zondervan32212520/> Risk factors include having a family history of the condition.<ref name="Velarde">{{cite journal | vauthors = Velarde MC, Bucu ME, Habana MA | title = Endometriosis as a highly relevant yet neglected gynecologic condition in Asian women | journal = Endocrine Connections | volume = 12 | issue = 11 | pages = e230169 | date = November 2023 | pmid = 37676242 | pmc = 10563646 | doi = 10.1530/EC-23-0169 | doi-access = free }} "Compared with Caucasian women, Asian women are more likely to be diagnosed with endometriosis (odds ratio (OR) 1.63, 95% CI 1.03–2.58) (14). Filipinos, Indians, Japanese, and Koreans are among the top Asian ethnicities who are more likely to have endometriosis than Caucasian women (17)."</ref>

One estimate is that 10.8 million people are affected globally {{as of|2015|lc=y}}.<ref name="GBD2015Pre" /> Other sources estimate 6 to 10% of the general female population<ref name="Bulletti2010" /> and 2 to 11% of asymptomatic women<ref name=zondervan32212520/> are affected. In addition, 11% of women in a general population have undiagnosed endometriosis that can be seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).<ref name="bucklewis21719000">{{cite journal |vauthors=Buck Louis GM, Hediger ML, Peterson CM, Croughan M, Sundaram R, Stanford J, Chen Z, Fujimoto VY, Varner MW, Trumble A, Giudice LC |date=August 2011 |title=Incidence of endometriosis by study population and diagnostic method: the ENDO study |journal=Fertil. Steril. |volume=96 |issue=2 |pages=360–5 |pmc=3143230 |pmid=21719000 |doi=10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.05.087}}</ref><ref name="Risk" /> Endometriosis is most common in those in their thirties and forties; however, it can begin in girls as early as eight years old.<ref name="WH2014" /><ref name="Mc2013" /> It results in few deaths with unadjusted and age-standardized death rates of 0.1 and 0.0 per 100,000.<ref name="GBD2015Pre" /> Endometriosis was first determined to be a separate condition in the 1920s.<ref name="Bro2012">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wu0gfwFUfz8C&pg=PA3 |title=Endometriosis: Science and Practice |vauthors=Brosens I |date=2012 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-4443-9849-6 |page=3}}</ref> Before that time, endometriosis and [[adenomyosis]] were considered together.<ref name="Bro2012" /> It is unclear who first described the disease.

It chiefly affects adults from premenarche to postmenopause, regardless of race or ethnicity or whether or not they have had children, and is estimated to affect over 190 million women in their reproductive years.<ref name="Nothnick">{{cite journal | vauthors = Nothnick WB | title = The emerging use of aromatase inhibitors for endometriosis treatment | journal = Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology | volume = 9 | page = 87 | date = June 2011 | pmid = 21693036 | pmc = 3135533 | doi = 10.1186/1477-7827-9-87 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> Incidences of endometriosis have occurred in postmenopausal individuals,<ref name="Medscape">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bulun SE, Zeitoun K, Sasano H, Simpson ER | title = Aromatase in aging women | journal = Seminars in Reproductive Endocrinology | volume = 17 | issue = 4 | pages = 349–58 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10851574 | doi = 10.1055/s-2007-1016244 | s2cid = 25628258 }}</ref> and in less common cases, individuals may have had endometriosis symptoms before they even reach menarche.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Batt RE, Mitwally MF | title = Endometriosis from thelarche to midteens: pathogenesis and prognosis, prevention and pedagogy | journal = Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology | volume = 16 | issue = 6 | pages = 337–47 | date = December 2003 | pmid = 14642954 | doi = 10.1016/j.jpag.2003.09.008 }}</ref><ref name="Marsh EE 2004"/>

The rate of recurrence of endometriosis is estimated to be 40-50% for adults over five years.<ref name=":4">{{cite journal | vauthors = Guo SW | title = Recurrence of endometriosis and its control | journal = Human Reproduction Update | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 441–61 | date = 11 March 2009 | pmid = 19279046 | doi = 10.1093/humupd/dmp007 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> The rate of recurrence has been shown to increase with time from surgery and is not associated with the stage of the disease, initial site, surgical method used, or post-surgical treatment.<ref name=":4" />