Editing Brazil (section)

=== Literature ===
{{Main|Brazilian literature}}
[[File:Machado de Assis aos 57 anos (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Machado de Assis]], poet and novelist, founder of the [[Academia Brasileira de Letras|Brazilian Academy of Letters]]]]

[[Brazilian literature]] dates back to the 16th century, to the writings of the first Portuguese explorers in Brazil, such as [[Pero Vaz de Caminha]], filled with descriptions of [[fauna]], [[flora]] and commentary about the indigenous population that fascinated European readers.{{sfnp|Crocitti|Vallance|2012|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=VhkvhllLooUC&pg=PA360 360]}}

Brazil produced significant works in [[Romanticism]]—novelists such as [[Joaquim Manuel de Macedo]] and [[José de Alencar]] wrote novels about love and pain. Alencar, in his long career, also treated indigenous people as heroes in the [[Indianism (arts)|Indigenist]] novels ''[[The Guarani|O Guarani]]'', ''[[Iracema]]'' and ''[[Ubirajara (novel)|Ubirajara]]''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110725100730/http://www.brasembottawa.org/en/culture_academic/literature.html "Brazilian Literature: An Introduction"]. [http://ottawa.itamaraty.gov.br/pt-br/ Embassy of Brasil – Ottawa]. Visited on 2 November 2009.</ref> [[Machado de Assis]], one of his contemporaries, wrote in virtually all genres and continues to gain international prestige from critics worldwide.<ref>[[Antonio Candido|Candido; Antonio]]. (1970) ''Vários escritos''. São Paulo: Duas Cidades. p. 18</ref><ref>Caldwell, Helen (1970) ''Machado de Assis: The Brazilian Master and his Novels''. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London, University of California Press.</ref><ref>Fernandez, Oscar Machado de Assis: The Brazilian Master and His Novels The ''Modern Language Journal'', Vol. 55, No. 4 (Apr. 1971), pp. 255–56</ref>

[[Brazilian literature#Modernism|Brazilian Modernism]], evidenced by the [[Modern Art Week]] in 1922, was concerned with a nationalist avant-garde literature,<ref>Beatriz Mugayar Kühl, ''Arquitetura do ferro e arquitetura ferroviária em São Paulo: reflexões sobre a sua preservação'', p. 202. Atelie Editorial, 1998.</ref> while [[Brazilian literature#Post-Modernism|Post-Modernism]] brought a generation of distinct poets such as [[João Cabral de Melo Neto]], [[Carlos Drummond de Andrade]], [[Vinicius de Moraes]], [[Cora Coralina]], [[Graciliano Ramos]], [[Cecília Meireles]], and internationally known writers dealing with universal and regional subjects such as [[Jorge Amado]], [[João Guimarães Rosa]], [[Clarice Lispector]] and [[Manuel Bandeira]].<ref>Daniel Balderston and Mike Gonzalez, ''Encyclopedia of Latin American and Caribbean Literature, 1900–2003'', p. 288. Routledge, 2004.</ref><ref>Sayers, ''Portugal and Brazil in Transitn'', "Literature". U of Minnesota Press, 1 January 1999.</ref><ref>Marshall C. Eakin and Paulo Roberto de Almeida, ''Envisioning Brazil: A Guide to Brazilian Studies in the United States'': "Literature, Culture and Civilization". University of Wisconsin Press, 31 October 2005.</ref>

Brazil's most significant literary award is the [[Camões Prize]], which it shares with the rest of the [[Lusophone|Portuguese-speaking world]]. As of 2016, Brazil has eleven recipients of the prize.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prêmio Camões de Literatura &#124; Biblioteca Nacional |url=https://www.bn.br/explore/premios-literarios/premio-camoes-literatura  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316050256/http://www.bn.br/explore/premios-literarios/premio-camoes-literatura |archive-date=16 March 2016 |access-date=26 January 2017 |website=Bn.br |language=pt}}</ref> Brazil also holds its own literary academy, the [[Brazilian Academy of Letters]], a non-profit cultural organization aimed at perpetuating the care of the national language and literature.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 August 2014 |title=Quem somos &#124; Academia Brasileira de Letras |url=http://www.academia.org.br/academia/quem-somos |access-date=26 January 2017 |website=Academia.org.br |language=pt}}</ref>