Editing Bipolar disorder (section)

=== Recovery and recurrence ===
A naturalistic study in 2003 by [[Mauricio Tohen|Tohen and coworkers]] from the first admission for mania or mixed episode (representing the hospitalized and therefore most severe cases) found that 50% achieved syndromal recovery (no longer meeting criteria for the diagnosis) within six weeks and 98% within two years. Within two years, 72% achieved symptomatic recovery (no symptoms at all) and 43% achieved functional recovery (regaining of prior occupational and residential status). However, 40% went on to experience a new episode of mania or depression within 2 years of syndromal recovery, and 19% switched phases without recovery.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Tohen M, Zarate CA, Hennen J, Khalsa HM, Strakowski SM, Gebre-Medhin P, Salvatore P, Baldessarini RJ | s2cid = 30881311 | title = The McLean-Harvard First-Episode Mania Study: Prediction of recovery and first recurrence | journal = The American Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 160 | issue = 12 | pages = 2099–2107 | year = 2003 | pmid = 14638578 | doi = 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.12.2099 | hdl = 11381/1461461 }}</ref>

Symptoms preceding a relapse ([[prodromal]]), especially those related to mania, can be reliably identified by people with bipolar disorder.<ref name="pmid12738039">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jackson A, Cavanagh J, Scott J | title = A systematic review of manic and depressive prodromes | journal = Journal of Affective Disorders | volume = 74 | issue = 3 | pages = 209–217 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12738039 | doi=10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00266-5}}</ref> There have been intents to teach patients [[coping strategies]] when noticing such symptoms with encouraging results.<ref name="pmid16125292">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lam D, Wong G | title = Prodromes, coping strategies and psychological interventions in bipolar disorders | journal = Clinical Psychology Review | volume = 25 | issue = 8 | pages = 1028–1042 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16125292 | doi = 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.06.005 }}</ref>