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==Decade volcanoes== [[File:Koryaksky volcano Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky oct-2005.jpg|thumb|[[Koryaksky]] volcano towering over [[Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky]] on [[Kamchatka Peninsula]], Far Eastern [[Russia]]]] {{Main|Lists of volcanoes|Decade Volcanoes}} The Decade Volcanoes are 16 volcanoes identified by the [[International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior]] (IAVCEI) as being worthy of particular study in light of their history of large, destructive eruptions and proximity to populated areas. They are named Decade Volcanoes because the project was initiated as part of the United Nations-sponsored [[International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction]] (the 1990s). The 16 current Decade Volcanoes are: {{div col|colwidth=20em}} * [[Avachinsky]]-[[Koryaksky]] (grouped together), [[Kamchatka]], Russia * [[Nevado de Colima]], [[Jalisco]] and [[Colima]], Mexico * [[Mount Etna]], Sicily, Italy * [[Galeras]], [[Nariño]], Colombia * [[Mauna Loa]], Hawaii, US * [[Mount Merapi]], [[Central Java]], Indonesia * [[Mount Nyiragongo]], Democratic Republic of the Congo * [[Mount Rainier]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], US * [[Sakurajima]], [[Kagoshima Prefecture]], Japan * [[Santa María (volcano)|Santa Maria/Santiaguito]], Guatemala * [[Santorini]], [[Cyclades]], Greece * [[Taal Volcano]], [[Luzon]], Philippines * [[Teide]], Canary Islands, Spain * [[Ulawun]], [[New Britain]], Papua New Guinea * [[Mount Unzen]], [[Nagasaki Prefecture]], Japan * [[Vesuvius]], [[Province of Naples|Naples]], Italy {{div col end}} The [[Deep Earth Carbon Degassing Project]], an initiative of the [[Deep Carbon Observatory]], monitors nine volcanoes, two of which are Decade volcanoes. The focus of the Deep Earth Carbon Degassing Project is to use [[Multi-Component Gas Analyzer System]] instruments to measure CO<sub>2</sub>/SO<sub>2</sub> ratios in real-time and in high-resolution to allow detection of the pre-eruptive degassing of rising magmas, improving [[prediction of volcanic activity]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Aiuppa|first1=Alessandro|last2=Moretti|first2=Roberto|last3=Federico|first3=Cinzia|last4=Giudice|first4=Gaetano|last5=Gurrieri|first5=Sergio|last6=Liuzzo|first6=Marco|last7=Papale|first7=Paolo|last8=Shinohara|first8=Hiroshi|last9=Valenza|first9=Mariano|title=Forecasting Etna eruptions by real-time observation of volcanic gas composition|journal=Geology|year=2007|volume=35|issue=12|pages=1115–1118|doi=10.1130/G24149A.1|bibcode=2007Geo....35.1115A}}</ref>
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