Editing Metro Manila (section)

==Human resources==
===Education===
{{See also|List of universities and colleges in Metro Manila}}
[[File:Quezon Hall and the Oblation - Flickr.jpg|thumb|left|[[University of the Philippines Diliman]] is the flagship university of the [[University of the Philippines ]]System since 1949.]]
[[File:Ateneo campus academic buildings (Katipunan, Quezon City; 05-13-2022).jpg|thumb|The [[Ateneo de Manila]] campus in Katipunan, Quezon City.]]

Since the Spanish colonial period, Manila has been the center of education. The country's top ranked universities, colloquially known as the "[[Big Four (universities)|Big Four]]", located in Metro Manila, are widely known to be as follows, [[University of the Philippines|University of the Philippines System]], [[Ateneo de Manila University]], [[De La Salle University]], and [[University of Santo Tomas]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=QS Asia University Rankings 2020 |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/asian-university-rankings/2020 |website=QS World University Rankings |access-date=May 4, 2020 |archive-date=May 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504230203/https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/asian-university-rankings/2020 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=World University Rankings 2020 |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2020/world-ranking#!/page/0/length/25/locations/PH/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats |website=Times Higher Education World University Rankings |access-date=May 4, 2020 |archive-date=September 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190918163456/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2020/world-ranking#!/page/0/length/25/locations/PH/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[University of Santo Tomas]] (1611), [[Colegio de San Juan de Letran]] (1620) and [[Ateneo de Manila University]] (1859) are some of the oldest educational institutions that was established during the colonial period. The [[University of the Philippines]], along with seven other [[State university and college (Philippines)|State Universities and Colleges]] (SUC), namely the [[Eulogio "Amang" Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology]], [[Marikina Polytechnic College]], [[Philippine Normal University]], [[Philippine State College of Aeronautics]], [[Polytechnic University of the Philippines]], [[Rizal Technological University]] and the [[Technological University of the Philippines]], are based in Metro Manila. Manila's [[University Belt]] form the largest concentration of higher education institutes in the Philippines, making Manila the center for [[Higher education in the Philippines|higher learning]] in the country.

[[File:De La Salle University Manila La Salle Hall Night Skyline Taft Avenue.jpg|thumb|[[De La Salle University|De La Salle University (DLSU)]]|alt=|left]]

Notable secondary schools in Metro Manila include the [[Philippine Science High School]] in [[Diliman, Quezon City]], the national [[science education|science school]] of the Philippines, [[St. Lino Science High School]], and the [[Manila Science High School]] in [[Ermita]], the forerunner of all the science schools in the country. Primary and secondary education is in the region is governed by the Department of Education-National Capital Region (DepEd-NCR). Meanwhile, the higher educational institutions are under the [[Commission on Higher Education (Philippines)|CHED]]-National Capital Region.

The region has the highest literacy rate among all the regions of the Philippines, with 99.2% in 2008. Literacy rate for males is at 99.0% while literacy rate for females is at 99.4%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Education |url=http://www.nscb.gov.ph/secstat/d_educ.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315001515/http://nscb.gov.ph/secstat/d_educ.asp |archive-date=March 15, 2015 |access-date=March 6, 2015 |publisher=National Statistics Coordination Board}}</ref> For the school year of 2008–2009, Metro Manila has 511 public elementary schools and 220 public secondary schools. There are 309 tertiary (public and private) institutions as of the year-end of 2009. For the said school year, enrollment in public elementary schools is at 1,219,333, public secondary schools at 661,019 and 687,096 for tertiary (public and private) institutions.<ref name="NCR Statwatch">{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2012 |title=Statwatch – National Capital Region |url=http://www.nscb.gov.ph/stats/statwatch_ncr.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317182735/http://nscb.gov.ph/stats/statwatch_ncr.asp |archive-date=March 17, 2015 |access-date=March 5, 2015 |publisher=National Statistical Coordination Board}}</ref>

===Public health===
{{See also|List of hospitals in Metro Manila}}
[[File:St Lukes Medical Center BGC.JPG|thumb|[[St. Luke's Medical Center]] – Global City in [[Taguig]], named as one of the best hospitals in the world.]]
[[Health care|Healthcare]] in Metro Manila is mostly provided by private corporations. 72% of region's hospitals are privately owned. {{As of|2009}}, the region has 179 hospitals. [[Quezon City]] has the most hospitals while [[Valenzuela, Philippines|Valenzuela]] and [[Pateros]] do not have any.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2011 |title=Profile of Private Hospitals in the Philippines |url=http://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/dps/pidsdps1105.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324232623/http://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/dps/pidsdps1105.pdf |archive-date=March 24, 2015 |access-date=March 6, 2015 |publisher=Philippine Institute for Development Studies}}</ref> In 2008, government health workers in NCR comprises 590 doctors, 498 dentists, 4,576 nurses, and 17,437 midwives. Furthermore, Metro Manila has 27,779 beds with a ratio of 2.47 per 1,000 population {{As of|2008|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Philippine Health System at a Glance |url=http://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/3%20Chapter1.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501000503/http://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/3%20Chapter1.pdf |archive-date=May 1, 2015 |access-date=March 6, 2015 |publisher=[[Department of Health (Philippines)|Department of Health]]}}</ref> The region has the lowest malnutrition rate among all the regions in the country.<ref>{{Cite news |date=March 13, 2015 |title=Makati, Taguig lead NCR cities in fight vs malnutrition |work=Rappler |url=http://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/hunger/86770-metro-manila-cities-malnutrition |url-status=live |access-date=March 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317183542/http://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/hunger/86770-metro-manila-cities-malnutrition |archive-date=March 17, 2015}}</ref>

The headquarters of the [[World Health Organization]] Regional Office for the Western Pacific, and the World Health Organization Country Office for the Philippines are in the region. The main office of the [[Department of Health (Philippines)|Department of Health]], the national health department, is also in the region.

Metro Manila is designated by the [[Department of Health (Philippines)|Department of Health]] as the pioneer of [[medical tourism]], expecting it to generate $1&nbsp;billion in revenue annually.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Medical Tourism, Treatments and Surgery in Manila |url=http://www.world-guides.com/asia/philippines/national-capital-region/manila/manila_medical.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307080422/http://www.world-guides.com/asia/philippines/national-capital-region/manila/manila_medical.html |archive-date=March 7, 2016 |access-date=October 27, 2014 |publisher=World Guides}}</ref> However, lack of progressive health system, inadequate infrastructure and the unstable political environment are seen as hindrances for its growth.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Edgardo S. Tugade |date=June 1, 2014 |title=Challenges to PH medical tourism |work=[[The Manila Times]] |url=http://www.manilatimes.net/challenges-to-ph-medical-tourism/100820/ |url-status=live |access-date=October 27, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307080425/http://www.manilatimes.net/challenges-to-ph-medical-tourism/100820/ |archive-date=March 7, 2016}}</ref> Under the Philippine Medical Tourism Program, there are 16 participating hospitals (private and public) in Metro Manila with a total number of 6,748 beds {{As of|2013|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2013 |title=Medical Tourism in the Philippines: Market Profile, Benchmarking Exercise and S.W.O.T. Analysis |url=http://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/dps/pidsdps1345.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324233045/http://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/dps/pidsdps1345.pdf |archive-date=March 24, 2015 |access-date=March 6, 2015 |publisher=[[Department of Health (Philippines)|Department of Health]]}}</ref> Five out of six hospitals in the country accredited by the [[Joint Commission]] International are in the region, these are the [[Asian Hospital and Medical Center]], [[Makati Medical Center]], [[St. Luke's Medical Center]] – Global City, [[St. Luke's Medical Center]] – Quezon City and [[The Medical City]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=JCI-Accredited Organizations |url=http://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/about-jci/jci-accredited-organizations/?c=Philippines |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309215633/http://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/about-jci/jci-accredited-organizations/?c=philippines |archive-date=March 9, 2016 |access-date=March 21, 2015 |publisher=[[Joint Commission]] International}}</ref>

[[File:Ph-mm-manila-ermita-taft ave.-philippine general hospital (up-pgh) (2014).JPG|thumb|left|upright|[[Philippine General Hospital]] in [[Ermita, Manila]].]][[East Avenue, Quezon City|East Avenue]] in [[Quezon City]] is the location of prominent national health centers: the [[Lung Center of the Philippines]], [[National Kidney and Transplant Institute]], and the [[Philippine Heart Center]]. Other national special hospital in Metro Manila include the [[Philippine Orthopedic Center]] in [[Quezon City]], and the [[National Center for Mental Health]] in [[Mandaluyong]]. The [[Philippine General Hospital]], the country's premier state-owned tertiary hospital is located at the [[Manila|City of Manila]]. The [[St. Luke's Medical Center]] which operates in [[Quezon City]] and [[Taguig]], is a private [[tertiary referral hospital]] cited as one of the best hospitals in the world.<ref name="stluke1">{{Cite web |title=Hurray for St. Luke's! SLMC-GC chosen as one of the world's most beautiful hospitals |url=http://www.stluke.com.ph/home.php/p/News__Events/s/In_the_News/n/Hurray_for_St_Lukes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130228043016/http://www.stluke.com.ph/home.php/p/News__Events/s/In_the_News/n/Hurray_for_St_Lukes |archive-date=February 28, 2013 |access-date=February 22, 2013 |publisher=St. Luke's Medical Center}}</ref><ref name="ABS-CBN News">{{Cite web |title=St. Luke's lands on list of world's best hospitals |url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/01/21/14/st-lukes-lands-list-worlds-best-hospitals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140915201404/http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/01/21/14/st-lukes-lands-list-worlds-best-hospitals |archive-date=September 15, 2014 |access-date=August 21, 2014 |publisher=ABS-CBN News}}</ref>

===Public safety===
[[File:Crame headquarters 3.jpg|thumb|[[Camp Crame]] is the headquarters of the [[Philippine National Police]]]]
[[File:35th National Reservists Week 10.jpg|thumb|[[Camp Aguinaldo]] is the headquarters of the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]]]]

The [[Philippine National Police]] is responsible for law enforcement in the country. Its headquarters is located at [[Camp Crame]] along [[Bonny Serrano Avenue]], [[Quezon City]]. The [[National Capital Region Police Office]] (NCRPO) is the regional branch of PNP that operates in the region. Its headquarters is located at Camp Bagong Diwa in Bicutan, Taguig. Under the supervision of NCRPO, Metro Manila is divided into five police districts. The five police districts are the Northern Police District, Eastern Police District, Southern Police District and Quezon City Police District.<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Capital Region Police Office |url=http://ncrpo.pnp.gov.ph/index.php/about-us |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402103654/http://ncrpo.pnp.gov.ph/index.php/about-us |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |access-date=March 6, 2015 |publisher=National Capital Region Police Office}}</ref>

Metro Manila has the highest rate of crime in the country in 2014, with 59,448 crimes reported (excluding crimes reported in barangay level) with 25,353 of these crimes committed against persons.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Francisco Tuyay |date=June 28, 2014 |title=Crime incidents up by 44k with highest rate in Metro |work=Manila Standard Today |url=http://manilastandardtoday.com/2014/06/28/crime-incidents-up-by-44k-with-highest-rate-in-metro/ |url-status=live |access-date=March 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216010526/http://manilastandardtoday.com/2014/06/28/crime-incidents-up-by-44k-with-highest-rate-in-metro/ |archive-date=December 16, 2014}}</ref> Following criticisms of high crime rate in Metro Manila, the [[Philippine National Police]] launched a relentless anti-crime drive that resulted in the decrease of crimes in the metropolis.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Non Alquitran |date=February 17, 2015 |title=Metro Manila a safer place – Roxas |work=The Philippine Star |url=https://ph.news.yahoo.com/metro-manila-safer-place-roxas-000000685.html |url-status=live |access-date=March 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402104423/https://ph.news.yahoo.com/metro-manila-safer-place-roxas-000000685.html |archive-date=April 2, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Non Alquitran |date=March 16, 2015 |title=Metro Manila crime rate down |work=The Philippine Star |url=http://www.philstar.com/metro/2015/03/16/1434088/metro-manila-crime-rate-down |url-status=live |access-date=March 16, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402102254/http://www.philstar.com/metro/2015/03/16/1434088/metro-manila-crime-rate-down |archive-date=April 2, 2015}}</ref> As of March 2015 Metro Manila's crime rate is down by 50%. From an average of 919 crimes reported weekly, it has gone down to 412. Recorded robberies and theft also decreased by 63 in just a month.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cecille Suerte Felipe |date=March 5, 2015 |title=PNP: Metro Manila crime rate drops by 50% |work=The Philippine Star |url=http://www.philstar.com/metro/2015/03/05/1430095/pnp-metro-manila-crime-rate-drops-50 |url-status=live |access-date=March 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402143912/http://www.philstar.com/metro/2015/03/05/1430095/pnp-metro-manila-crime-rate-drops-50 |archive-date=April 2, 2015}}</ref> All the 159 police community precincts of Metro Manila will be using the electronic blotter system in recording crimes starting June 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mikas Matsuzawa |date=May 7, 2015 |title=Metro Manila police precincts to use e-blotter system |url=http://cnnphilippines.com/metro/2015/05/07/metro-manila-police-use-e-blotter-e-cirs.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518095143/http://cnnphilippines.com/metro/2015/05/07/metro-manila-police-use-e-blotter-e-cirs.html |archive-date=May 18, 2015 |access-date=May 10, 2015 |publisher=[[CNN Philippines]]}}</ref>

The Bureau of Fire Protection National Capital Region provides [[fire protection]] and technical rescue as well as [[emergency medical services]] to the metropolis. It is broadly organized into five firefighting districts: Manila, [[Quezon City Fire District|Quezon City]], District II, District III and District IV.

The headquarters of the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]] is located at [[Camp Aguinaldo]], along with the [[Department of National Defense (Philippines)|Department of National Defense]], in Murphy, Quezon City. Aside from Camp Aguinaldo, other military bases situated in the region are [[Camp Atienza]] and [[Fort Bonifacio]]. The [[Philippine Army]] has their headquarters at [[Fort Bonifacio]], [[Taguig]]. The [[Villamor Air Base]] in [[Ninoy Aquino International Airport]] is the home to the headquarters of the [[Philippine Air Force]] while the headquarters of the [[Philippine Navy]] is located at [[Roxas Boulevard]], [[Malate, Manila]].

The [[Philippine Coast Guard]] is headquartered at [[Port Area, Manila|Port Area]] (Manila South Harbor), [[Manila|City of Manila]]. Its Coast Guard NCR District also has its headquarters in the city and has another Coast Guard Station in [[Pasig]]. It also has a base in [[Taguig]] and maintains several detachments located in Navotas, [[Parañaque]], Tangos, Vitas, Manila North Harbor, Manila South Harbor and the [[Cultural Center of the Philippines]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coast Guard District NCR – Central Luzon |url=http://www.coastguardncr-centralluzon.com/coast-guard-manila/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518103032/http://www.coastguardncr-centralluzon.com/coast-guard-manila/ |archive-date=May 18, 2015 |access-date=May 11, 2015 |publisher=[[Philippine Coast Guard]]}}</ref>

In 2012, the [[AFP Joint Task Force-National Capital Region]] was launched to ensure peace and stability in Metro Manila, bearing the same function of the deactivated [[National Capital Regional Command (Philippines)|National Capital Regional Command]], although it operates on a much smaller size than its predecessor.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Alexis Romero |date=July 12, 2012 |title=New AFP task force launched |work=[[The Philippine Star|PhilStar.com]] |url=http://www.philstar.com/metro/2012/07/12/826806/new-afp-task-force-launched |url-status=live |access-date=March 7, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307100304/http://www.philstar.com/metro/2012/07/12/826806/new-afp-task-force-launched |archive-date=March 7, 2016}}</ref>