Editing Jawaharlal Nehru (section)

=== Agriculture policies ===
Under Nehru's leadership, the government attempted to develop India quickly by embarking on [[agrarian reform]] and rapid industrialisation.<ref>{{Cite book |url={{Google books|w2fXAwAAQBAJ|page=PA149|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |title=Nehru |last=Brown |first=Judith M. |date=2014 |isbn=978-1-317-87476-8|publisher=Routledge}}</ref> A successful [[land reform]] was introduced that abolished giant [[landholding]]s, but efforts to redistribute land by placing limits on landownership failed. Attempts to introduce large-scale cooperative farming were frustrated by landowning rural elites, who formed the core of the powerful right-wing of the Congress and had considerable political support in opposing Nehru's efforts.<ref>{{Cite book |url={{Google books|bnNPJKw9CDsC|page=PR9|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |title=Democracy, Development, and the Countryside: Urban-Rural Struggles in India |last=Ashutosh Varshney |date=1998 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-521-64625-3 |pages=30–31}}</ref> Agricultural production expanded until the early 1960s, as additional land was brought under cultivation and some irrigation projects began to have an effect. The establishment of agricultural universities, modelled after land-grant colleges in the United States, contributed to the development of the economy.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2GYZAAAAMAAJ&q=The+establishment+of+agricultural+universities,+modelled+after+land-grant+colleges+in+the+United+States,+contributed+to+the+development+of+the+economy.|title = India Today|year = 1963|publisher = New Horizons}}</ref> These universities worked with high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice, initially developed in Mexico and the Philippines, that in the 1960s began the [[Green Revolution]], an effort to diversify and increase crop production. At the same time, a series of failed monsoons would cause serious food shortages, despite the steady progress and an increase in agricultural production.<ref>{{Cite book |url={{Google books|UNINAAAAQAAJ|page=PA120|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |title=An Introduction to South Asia |last=Farmer |first=B.H. |publisher=Routledge |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-415-05695-3 |page=120}}</ref>