Editing Great Pyramid of Giza (section)

===The Big Void===
[[File:East-West cut view of the Great Pyramid and front view of the North face Chevron area.png|thumb|upright=1.8|East-West cut view of the Great Pyramid and front view of the North face Chevron area. a Subterranean chamber, b queen's chamber, c grand gallery, d king's chamber, e descending corridor, f ascending corridor, g al-Ma'mun corridor, h north face Chevron area, i ScanPyramids Big Void with horizontal hypothesis (red hatching) and inclined hypothesis (green hatching) as published in November 2017.<ref name="Procureur">{{cite journal |last1=Procureur |first1=Sébastien |last2=Morishima |first2=Kunihiro |last3=Kuno |first3=Mitsuaki |last4=Manabe |first4=Yuta |last5=Kitagawa |first5=Nobuko |last6=Nishio |first6=Akira |last7=Gomez |first7=Hector |title=Precise characterization of a corridor-shaped structure in Khufu's Pyramid by observation of cosmic-ray muons |journal=Nature Communications |date=2 March 2023 |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=1144 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-36351-0 |pmid=36864018 |pmc=9981702 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.1144P |language=en |issn=2041-1723 |display-authors=3}}</ref>]]

In 2017, scientists from the [[ScanPyramids]] project discovered a large cavity above the Grand Gallery using [[Muon tomography#Egyptian pyramids|muon radiography]], which they called the "ScanPyramids Big Void". A research team, under the supervision of Professor Morishima Kunihiro at [[Nagoya University]], used special [[nuclear emulsion]] detectors.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.nagoya-u.ac.jp/research/activities/news/2017/11/Physicists-at-Nagoya-University-discover-a-huge-void-in-Giza's-Great-Pyramid.html |title=Physicists at Nagoya University discover a huge void in Giza's Great Pyramid by cosmic-ray imaging |publisher=Nagoya University |date=22 November 2017 |access-date=5 August 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aip.nagoya-u.ac.jp/en/public/nu_research/features/detail/0004136.html|title = Research of Egyptian Pyramids with Cosmic ray Imaging &#124; Features| date=29 July 2022 }}</ref> Its length is at least {{convert|30|m|ft}} and its cross-section is similar to that of the Grand Gallery. Its existence was confirmed by independent detection with three different technologies: [[nuclear emulsion]] films, [[scintillator]] [[hodoscope]]s, and [[gas detector]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/11/great-pyramid-giza-void-discovered-khufu-archaeology-science/|title=Mysterious Void Discovered in Egypt's Great Pyramid|date=2 November 2017 |access-date=2 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727141201/https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/11/great-pyramid-giza-void-discovered-khufu-archaeology-science/|archive-date=27 July 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Discovery of a big void in Khufu's Pyramid by observation of cosmic-ray muons |display-authors=4 |first1=Kunihiro|last1=Morishima |first2=Mitsuaki|last2=Kuno |first3=Akira|last3=Nishio |first4=Nobuko|last4=Kitagawa |first5=Yuta|last5=Manabe |first6=Masaki|last6=Moto |first7=Fumihiko|last7=Takasaki |first8=Hirofumi|last8=Fujii |first9=Kotaro|last9=Satoh |first10=Hideyo|last10=Kodama |first11=Kohei|last11=Hayashi |first12=Shigeru|last12=Odaka |first13=Sébastien|last13=Procureur |first14=David|last14=Attié |first15=Simon|last15=Bouteille |first16=Denis|last16=Calvet |first17=Christopher|last17=Filosa |first18=Patrick|last18=Magnier |first19=Irakli|last19=Mandjavidze |first20=Marc|last20=Riallot |first21=Benoit|last21=Marini |first22=Pierre|last22=Gable |first23=Yoshikatsu|last23=Date |first24=Makiko|last24=Sugiura |first25=Yasser|last25=Elshayeb |first26=Tamer|last26=Elnady |first27=Mustapha|last27=Ezzy |first28=Emmanuel|last28=Guerriero |first29=Vincent|last29=Steiger |first30=Nicolas|last30=Serikoff |first31=Jean-Baptiste|last31=Mouret |first32=Bernard|last32=Charlès |first33=Hany|last33=Helal |first34=Mehdi|last34=Tayoubi |author-link34=Mehdi Tayoubi |date=2 November 2017 |journal=Nature |volume=552 |issue=7685 |pages=386–390 |doi=10.1038/nature24647 |pmid=29160306 |bibcode=2017Natur.552..386M |arxiv=1711.01576|s2cid=4459597 }}</ref> The purpose of the cavity is unknown and it is not accessible. [[Zahi Hawass]] speculates it may have been a gap used in the construction of the Grand Gallery,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/scientists-discover-hidden-chamber-egypts-great-pyramid-50881797|title=Scientists discover hidden chamber in Egypt's Great Pyramid |work=ABC News|access-date=2 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102153724/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/scientists-discover-hidden-chamber-egypts-great-pyramid-50881797|archive-date=2 November 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> but the Japanese research team state that the void is completely different from previously identified construction spaces.<ref>{{cite web |title=Critics: Nothing special about big void found in Khufu Pyramid: The Asahi Shimbun |work=The Asahi Shimbun |url=http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201711070057.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108030856/http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201711070057.html |archive-date=8 November 2017 |access-date=8 November 2017}}</ref>

To verify and pinpoint the void, a team from Kyushu University, Tohoku University, the University of Tokyo and the Chiba Institute of Technology planned to rescan the structure with a newly developed muon detector in 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theindependent.in/the-hidden-chamber-at-giza-to-be-re-scanned-and-pinpointed/|title=The Hidden Chamber at Giza to be re-scanned and pinpointed|date=15 January 2020 |access-date=15 January 2020}}</ref> Their work was delayed by the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1346220/egypt-great-pyramid-giza-discovery-hidden-chamber-scanpyramid-pharaoh-khufu-japan-spt |title=Egypt breakthrough: Great Pyramid tipped for major discovery in new 'hidden chamber' scan |work=The Express |last=Hoare |first=Callum |date=10 October 2020 |access-date=1 July 2021 }}</ref>