Editing 1964 New York World's Fair (section)

=== Influence ===

==== Economic and regional influence ====
[[File:Unisphere in summer.jpg|thumb|The Unisphere, one of the fair's remaining structures|alt=On a sunny day, in a pool with a  fountains, sits a huge, skeletal representation of Earth, with North and South America visible.]]

The fair was credited with increasing [[tourism in New York City]], even before the formal opening.<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 14, 1964 |title=Manhattan Still Remains the Attraction as the Tourists Start Pouring Into the City |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/05/14/archives/manhattan-still-remains-the-attraction-as-the-tourists-start.html |access-date=May 31, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The city's hotels and garages were often overcrowded during the fair's 1964 season.<ref name="The Sun 1964a">{{Cite news |date=July 3, 1964 |title=Fair City Has Number of Problems: New York Seen More Foul-Up Than 'Festival' in Some Ways |work=The Sun |page=3 |id={{ProQuest|533657040}}}}</ref><ref name="Samuel p. 55" /> [[Broadway theater]]s recorded increased ticket sales,<ref name="The Sun 1964a" /> as did other visitor attractions such as the [[Empire State Building]] and [[Radio City Music Hall]].<ref name="Alden 1964" /><ref name="Samuel p. 58" /> Though major department stores and restaurants saw increased business,<ref name="Samuel p. 55" /> other merchants reported the fair had not had a measurable effect on their businesses.<ref name="nyt-1964-07-03">{{Cite news |date=July 3, 1964 |title=Fair No Big Boon to City's Business; Visitors Spend Little Here, Many Merchants Report |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/03/archives/fair-no-big-boon-to-citys-business-visitors-spend-little-here-many.html |access-date=June 2, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> To avoid crowds, many residents left the city during the fair.<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 9, 1964 |title=The Talk of New York; Invasion of Kinsfolk; New Yorkers Are Erecting Defenses Against Hordes Arriving for the Fair |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/09/archives/the-talk-of-new-york-invasion-of-kinsfolk-new-yorkers-are-erecting.html |access-date=June 2, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Attendance at local amusement parks declined during the fair and some parks, such as [[Freedomland U.S.A.]], permanently closed.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Phillips |first=McCandlish |date=May 8, 1966 |title=With Fair Over, Amusement Parks See a Big Year |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1966/05/08/archives/with-fair-over-amusement-parks-see-a-big-year.html |access-date=June 6, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

At the end of the 1964 season, the city's Convention and Visitors Bureau estimated the city had earned $400&nbsp;million due to the fair.<ref name="Schmedel 1964a" /><ref name="nyt-1964-10-14" /> ''[[The Christian Science Monitor]]'' wrote in 1965 the fair had only partially benefited the area's economy.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hornaday |first=Mary |date=July 14, 1965 |title=New York: What Kind of Future?: Crime and Crowding Budget Soars Major Problems Noted |work=The Christian Science Monitor |page=1 |issn=0882-7729 |id={{ProQuest|510739085}}}}</ref> After the fair ended, ''The New York Times'' estimated it had increased local restaurant profits by eight percent, while stores in [[Midtown Manhattan]] saw their profits increase by approximately four percent.<ref name="nyt-1965-10-17b" /> The highways leading to the fairground remained in use after the fair's closure, and residential development in Queens increased.<ref name="Samuel p. 86" /><ref name="nyt-1966-05-01">{{Cite news |last=Porterfield |first=Byron |date=May 1, 1966 |title=Fairs Come and Go but Growth They Spawned Goes On in Queens; Borough 'Discovered' by the Visitors to Expositions—New Roads Help |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1966/05/01/archives/fairs-come-and-go-but-growth-they-spawned-goes-on-in-queens-borough.html |access-date=June 6, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

==== Cultural influence and media ====
At the fair's 50th anniversary, a writer for ''[[amNewYork Metro]]'' wrote it helped influence 21st-century technologies and highlighted Flushing Meadows–Corona Park as an attraction in itself.<ref name="Pereira c053">{{cite web |last=Pereira |first=Ivan |date=April 21, 2014 |title=World's Fair 50th Anniversary Brings Renewed Push for Pavilion Restoration |url=https://www.amny.com/news/world-s-fair-50th-anniversary-brings-renewed-push-for-pavilion-restoration-1-7783882/ |access-date=June 7, 2024 |website=amNewYork}}</ref> The fair helped popularize several consumer products such as Belgian waffles and the Ford Mustang.<ref name="Bonanos 2014 v186" /> The 1964 World's Fair included several exhibits and technologies that were later included in [[Disney parks]];<ref name="Antos 2020 e982">{{cite web |last=Antos |first=Jason D. |date=February 26, 2020 |title=How The 1964 World's Fair Influenced Walt Disney Explored In New Book |url=https://www.qgazette.com/articles/how-the-1964-worlds-fair-influenced-walt-disney-explored-in-new-book/ |access-date=May 24, 2024 |website=Queens Gazette}}</ref><ref name="p426610123" /> for example, the Illinois Pavilion's [[Audio-Animatronic]] of [[Abraham Lincoln]] was so popular Audio-Animatronics were later added to many Disney rides.<ref name="Variety 1966">{{cite magazine |date=February 9, 1966 |title=Disneyland Sets $23-Mil Expansion; To Install N.Y. World's Fair Exhibits |magazine=Variety |pages=47 |volume=241 |issue=12 |id={{ProQuest|1032431899}}}}</ref><ref name="OCR s872" /> [[Walt Disney]] designed exhibits at the World's Fair; [[It's a Small World]], the Progressland carousel, and the Magic Skyway were later incorporated into Disney parks.<ref name="OCR s872">{{cite web | title=Disney history: Disney rides open at World's Fair | website=Orange County Register | date=April 20, 2014 | url=https://www.ocregister.com/2014/04/20/disney-history-disney-rides-open-at-worlds-fair/ | access-date=June 5, 2024}}</ref>

The fair has been the subject of documentary films such as ''The 1964 World's Fair'' (1996),<ref name="p235408685">{{Cite magazine |last=Dick |first=Jeff |date=March 15, 1999 |title=The 1964 World's Fair: Relive the Wonder |magazine=The Booklist |pages=1347–1348 |volume=95 |issue=14 |id={{ProQuest|235408685}}}}</ref> ''After the Fair'' (2014),<ref>{{cite web |date=October 21, 2014 |title=Glenside Couple Creates Documentary About the New York 1964–'65 World's Fair |url=https://www.thereporteronline.com/2014/10/21/photo-gallery-video-glenside-couple-creates-documentary-about-the-new-york-1964-65-worlds-fair/ |access-date=June 6, 2024 |website=The Reporter Online}}</ref> and ''Peace Through Understanding: The 1964–65 New York World's Fair''.<ref name="nyt-1996-03-17">{{Cite news |last=Leduff |first=Charlie |date=March 17, 1996 |title=Neighborhood Report: Flushing; Preserving The Relics Of the Fairs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/17/nyregion/neighborhood-report-flushing-preserving-the-relics-of-the-fairs.html |access-date=June 7, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The fair and its structures have been depicted in popular media; for example, the New York State Pavilion and the Unisphere appear in the films ''[[Men in Black (1997 film)|Men in Black]]'' and ''[[Iron Man 2]]''.<ref>For the New York State Pavilion, see {{Cite news |last=De Aenlle |first=Conrad |date=May 1, 2015 |title=World's Fairs and Their Legacies |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/04/arts/international/worlds-fairs-and-their-legacies.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516004843/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/04/arts/international/worlds-fairs-and-their-legacies.html |archive-date=May 16, 2024 |access-date=May 15, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}} For the Unisphere, see {{cite web | title=Famous Movie And Television Locations Around The U.S. | website=CBS New York | date=October 8, 2013 | url=https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/famous-movie-and-television-locations-around-the-u-s/ | access-date=June 30, 2024}}</ref> Historians have created websites<ref>{{Cite news |last=Fountain |first=Henry |date=January 26, 1998 |title=Taking In the Sites; A Virtual Trip to World Fairs Past |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/01/26/business/taking-in-the-sites-a-virtual-trip-to-world-fairs-past.html |access-date=June 6, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and written books about the fair.<ref>See, for example: {{Cite news |last=Roberts |first=Sam |date=July 27, 2008 |title=A Fair, A Law and the Urban Walker |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/27/nyregion/thecity/27read.html |access-date=June 7, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |postscript=none}}; {{Cite news |last=Colangelo |first=Lisa L. |date=December 1, 2013 |title=In his 'Sphere' Local author flashes back to 1964 World's Fair |work=New York Daily News |page=3 |issn=2692-1251 |id={{ProQuest|1462680741}}}}</ref> The fair has been the subject of several exhibitions at venues including the [[Flushing Council on Culture and the Arts]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Harrison |first=Helen A. |date=July 11, 1985 |title=20-Year Old Perspective on World's Fair |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/11/garden/20year-old-perspective-on-worlds-fair.html |access-date=June 6, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> [[Queens Museum]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Iverem |first=Esther |date=November 5, 1989 |title=Queens Culture Museum in the Park Recalls World's Fairs |work=Newsday |page=9 |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|278141630}} |postscript=none}}; {{Cite news |last=Shepard |first=Richard F. |date=December 29, 1989 |title=In Queens, A Look Back At 2 Visions Of the Future |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/29/arts/in-queens-a-look-back-at-2-visions-of-the-future.html |access-date=June 7, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1996-03-17" /> [[Flushing Town Hall]],<ref name="p2870133300" /> and the [[Long Island Museum of American Art, History, and Carriages]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jacobson |first=Aileen |date=April 1, 2011 |title=Back to the Futurama and the Ferris Wheel |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/03/nyregion/03artsli.html |access-date=June 7, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The fair's 50th anniversary in 2014 was celebrated with six months of parties, exhibits, and other events across Queens.<ref name="p1613089662">{{cite news |last=Colangelo |first=Lisa L. |date=October 17, 2014 |title=50th Anniversary Bash Ending |work=New York Daily News |page=32 |issn=2692-1251 |id={{ProQuest|1613089662}}}}</ref>

Hobbyists have collected memorabilia from the fair,<ref>{{cite web |last=Brenzel |first=Kathryn |date=April 22, 2014 |title=World's Fair of 1964 Lives on in New Milford Man's Home, Report Says |url=https://www.nj.com/bergen/2014/04/worlds_fair_of_1964_lives_on_in_new_milford_mans_home_report_says.html |access-date=June 7, 2024 |website=The Star-Ledger |via=NJ.com |postscript=none}}; {{Cite news |last=Pace |first=Eric |date=November 13, 1988 |title=World's Fair Buffs Gather in Queens |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/11/13/nyregion/world-s-fair-buffs-gather-in-queens.html |access-date=June 7, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and several collectors have founded the World's Fair Collectors Society.<ref name="p2870133300">{{cite news |last=Caldwell |first=Kelly |date=September 15, 1995 |title=It Happened at The World's Fair: Remembering the 1964–65 Exposition in Flushing Meadows at a Town Hall Exhibit |work=Newsday |page=B25 |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|2870133300}}}}</ref> Collectors have preserved objects such as bracelets, medallions, ponchos, purses, and pocketknives.<ref name="Yan 2024 c647">{{cite web |last=Yan |first=Ellen |title=World's Fair collectors say time travel is possible, by way of their 1964 memorabilia |website=Newsday |date=June 11, 2024 |url=https://www.newsday.com/lifestyle/family/worlds-fair-1964-collectors-aqz3swcp |access-date=June 15, 2024}}</ref> The [[Smithsonian Institution]] and Queens Museum also own objects from the World's Fair,<ref name="nyt-1996-03-17" /> and there have been efforts to develop a World's Fair museum.<ref name="p211850935" />