Editing Wildfire (section)

==== Firefighters ====
{{Main|Firefighting}}
Firefighters are at greatest risk for acute and chronic health effects resulting from wildfire smoke exposure. Some of the most common health conditions that firefighters acquire from prolonged smoke inhalation include cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Slavik |last2=Chapman |last3=Cohen |last4=Bendefaa |last5=Peters |first=Catherine |first2=Daniel |first3=Alex |first4=Nahla |first5=Ellen |date=December 8, 2024 |title=Clearing the air: evaluating institutions' social media health message on wildfire and smoke risks in the US Pacific Noethwest |url=https://media.proquest.com/media/hms/PFT/1/CB1LX?hl=hazard%252Chazards%252Cwildfire%252Cwildfires%252Chealth%252Chealths&cit%253Aauth=Slavik%252C+Catherine+E%253BChapman%252C+Daniel+A%253BAlex+Segr%C3%A8+Cohen%253BBendefaa%252C+Nahla%253BPeters%252C+Ellen&cit%253Atitle=Clearing+the+air%253A+evaluating+institutions%E2%80%99+social+media+health+...&cit%253Apub=BMC+Public+Health&cit%253Avol=24&cit%253Aiss=&cit%253Apg=1&cit%253Adate=2024&ic=true&cit%253Aprod=ProQuest+Central&_a=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&_s=1P1gw%252BBPmUNk3XFlQzX9rfDUiRA%253D#view=fitH&statusbar=1}}</ref> For example, wildland firefighters can get hypoxia, which is a condition in which the body does not receive enough oxygen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Broyles |first=George |date=October 2013 |title=Wildland Firefighter Smoke Exposure |url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/t-d/pubs/pdfpubs/pdf13511803/pdf13511803dpi100.pdf}}</ref> Due to firefighters' occupational duties, they are frequently exposed to [[Chemical hazard|hazardous chemicals]] at close proximity for longer periods of time. A case study on the exposure of wildfire smoke among wildland firefighters shows that firefighters are exposed to significant levels of carbon monoxide and respiratory irritants above [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration|OSHA]]-permissible exposure limits (PEL) and ACGIH threshold limit values (TLV). 5–10% are overexposed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Booze |first1=Thomas F. |last2=Reinhardt |first2=Timothy E. |last3=Quiring |first3=Sharon J. |last4=Ottmar |first4=Roger D. |title=A Screening-Level Assessment of the Health Risks of Chronic Smoke Exposure for Wildland Firefighters |journal=Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene |date=May 2004 |volume=1 |issue=5 |pages=296–305 |doi=10.1080/15459620490442500 |pmid=15238338 }}</ref> 

Between 2001 and 2012, over 200 [[Occupational fatality|fatalities]] occurred among wildland firefighters. In addition to heat and chemical hazards, firefighters are also at risk for electrocution from power lines; injuries from equipment; [[Occupational injury|slips, trips, and falls]]; injuries from vehicle rollovers; [[Heat illness|heat-related illness]]; [[insect bites and stings]]; [[Occupational stress|stress]]; and [[rhabdomyolysis]].<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2013-158/|title=CDC – NIOSH Publications and Products – Wildland Fire Fighting: Hot Tips to Stay Safe and Healthy (2013–158)|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=22 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122154309/http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2013-158/|archive-date=22 November 2016|doi=10.26616/NIOSHPUB2013158|year=2013|doi-access=free}}</ref> Wildfires that reach urban environments create additional toxic fumes and carcinogenic particles from burning metals, plastics, electronics, paints, and other common materials.<ref name="s261">{{cite web | last=Wittenberg | first=Ariel | title=Los Angeles Firefighters Risk Cancer from Urban Smoke | website=Scientific American | date=2025-01-13 | url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/los-angeles-firefighters-risk-cancer-from-urban-smoke/ | access-date=2025-04-08}}</ref>