Editing Wheat (section)

=== For insect resistance ===

The complex genome of wheat has made its improvement difficult. Comparison of hexaploid wheat genomes using a range of chromosome pseudomolecule and molecular scaffold assemblies in 2020 has enabled the resistance potential of its genes to be assessed. Findings include the identification of "a detailed multi-genome-derived nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein repertoire" which contributes to disease resistance, while the gene ''Sm1'' provides a degree of insect resistance,<ref name="Walkowiak-2020">{{cite journal |last1=Walkowiak |first1=Sean |last2=Gao |first2=Liangliang |last3=Monat |first3=Cecile |last4=Haberer |first4=Georg |last5=Kassa |first5=Mulualem T. |last6=Brinton |first6=Jemima |last7=Ramirez-Gonzalez |first7=Ricardo H. |last8=Kolodziej |first8=Markus C. |last9=Delorean |first9=Emily |last10=Thambugala |first10=Dinushika |last11=Klymiuk |first11=Valentyna |last12=Byrns |first12=Brook |display-authors=5 |title=Multiple wheat genomes reveal global variation in modern breeding |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |publisher=[[Nature Research]]/[[Springer Nature]] |volume=588 |issue=7837 |date=25 November 2020 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2961-x |pages=277–283 |pmid=33239791 |pmc=7759465 |bibcode=2020Natur.588..277W |doi-access=free }}</ref> for instance against the [[orange wheat blossom midge]].<ref name="Kassa-2016">{{cite journal |last1=Kassa |first1=Mulualem T. |last2=Haas |first2=Sabrina |last3=Schliephake |first3=Edgar |last4=Lewis |first4=Clare |last5=You |first5=Frank M. |last6=Pozniak |first6=Curtis J. |last7=Krämer |first7=Ilona |last8=Perovic |first8=Dragan |last9=Sharpe |first9=Andrew G. |last10=Fobert |first10=Pierre R. |last11=Koch |first11=Michael |last12=Wise |first12=Ian L. |display-authors=5 |title=A saturated SNP linkage map for the orange wheat blossom midge resistance gene Sm1 |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Genetics]] |publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]] |volume=129 |issue=8 |date=9 May 2016 |doi=10.1007/s00122-016-2720-4 |pages=1507–1517 |pmid=27160855 |s2cid=14168477 }}</ref>