Editing Sichuan (section)

==Demographics==
[[File:Yi-Minority.JPG|thumb|right|The [[Yi people|Yi]] are the largest ethnic minority group in Sichuan.]]
{{Historical Populations
|title       = Historical population
|width       = 16em
|state       = collapsed
|footnote    = Chongqing was part of Sichuan Province until 1939 and 1954 to 1997.<br />[[Xikang|Xikang Province]] dissolved in 1955 and parts were incorporated into Sichuan Province.
|1912<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ja:1912年中国人口 |url=http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo2.html |access-date=6 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032922/http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo2.html |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> |48,130,000
|1928<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ja:1928年中国人口 |url=http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo3.htm |access-date=6 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032924/http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo3.htm |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> |47,992,000
|1936–37<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ja:1936–37年中国人口 |url=http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo4.htm |access-date=6 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032925/http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo4.htm |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> |52,706,000
|1947<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ja:1947年全国人口 |url=http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo5.htm |access-date=6 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130913053600/http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo5.htm |archive-date=13 September 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> |47,437,000
|1954<ref name="census1954">{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16767.htm |script-title=zh:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于第一次全国人口调查登记结果的公报 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of China]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805174810/http://www.stats.gov.cn/TJGB/RKPCGB/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16767.htm |archive-date=5 August 2009}}</ref> |62,303,999
|1964<ref name="census1964">{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16768.htm |script-title=zh:第二次全国人口普查结果的几项主要统计数字 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of China]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914173158/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16768.htm |archive-date=14 September 2012}}</ref> |67,956,490
|1982<ref name="census1982">{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16769.htm |script-title=zh:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九八二年人口普查主要数字的公报 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of China]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510075429/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16769.htm |archive-date=10 May 2012}}</ref> |99,713,310
|1990<ref name="census1990">{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16772.htm |script-title=zh:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九九〇年人口普查主要数据的公报 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of China]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120619002216/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16772.htm |archive-date=19 June 2012}}</ref> |107,218,173
|2000<ref name="census2000">{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020331_15435.htm |script-title=zh:现将2000年第五次全国人口普查快速汇总的人口地区分布数据公布如下 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of China]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829052024/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020331_15435.htm |archive-date=29 August 2012}}</ref> |82,348,296
|2010<ref name="census2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722516.htm |title=Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of China]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727021210/http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722516.htm |archive-date=27 July 2013}}</ref> 
|80,418,200
|2020<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/china-society-census-takeaways-idUSL4N2MY2I6 |title=FACTBOX-Key takeaways from China's 2020 population census |newspaper=Reuters |date=11 May 2021 |access-date=26 July 2021 |archive-date=5 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105133445/https://www.reuters.com/article/china-society-census-takeaways-idUSL4N2MY2I6 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|83,674,866
}}
The majority of the province's population is [[Han Chinese]] (95% of the provincial population), who are found scattered throughout the region except for the far western areas. Thus, significant minorities of [[Tibetan people|Tibetan]], [[Yi people|Yi]], [[Qiang people|Qiang]], and [[Nakhi people]] reside in the western portion that is impacted by inclement weather and natural disasters, environmentally fragile, and impoverished. Sichuan's capital of [[Chengdu]] is home to a large community of Tibetans, with 30,000 permanent Tibetan residents and up to 200,000 Tibetan [[floating population]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/indepth/2012-03/14/c_131467409_2.htm |title=Tibetans leave home to seek new opportunities |date=2012-03-14 |access-date=2014-01-04 |publisher=Xinhua |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407225031/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/indepth/2012-03/14/c_131467409_2.htm |archive-date=7 April 2012 }}</ref> The [[Eastern Lipo]], included with either the Yi or the [[Lisu people]], as well as the [[A-Hmao]], also are among the ethnic groups of the provinces.

Sichuan was China's [[List of Chinese administrative divisions by population|most populous province]] before [[Chongqing]] became a directly controlled municipality; it is currently the fourth most populous, after Guangdong, Shandong, and Henan. As of 1832, Sichuan was the most populous of the 18 provinces in China, with an estimated population at that time of 21 million.<ref name=Roberts1>{{cite book |last=Roberts |first=Edmund |title=Embassy to the Eastern Courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat |year=1837 |publisher=Harper & Brothers |location=New York |page=123 |url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/7317/view/1/123/ |access-date=16 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016074209/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/7317/view/1/123/ |archive-date=16 October 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> It was the third [[List of first-level administrative divisions by population|most populous sub-national entity]] in the world, after [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]], and the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] until 1991, when the [[Soviet Union]] was dissolved. It is also one of the only eight subnational divisions to ever reach 100 million people (Uttar Pradesh, Russian RSFSR, [[Maharashtra]], Sichuan, [[Bihar]], [[Shandong]], [[Guangdong]], and [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]]). It is currently ranked 10th.

===Religion===
{{See also|Christianity in Sichuan|Islam in Sichuan|Zoroastrianism in Sichuan|Qiang folk religion}}
{{Pie chart
|caption = Religion in Sichuan<ref name="Wang2015">China General Social Survey (CGSS) 2009, Chinese Spiritual Life Survey (CSLS) 2007. Report by: [https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1 Xiuhua Wang (2015, p. 15)] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925123928/https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1 |date=25 September 2015 }}</ref>{{refn|group=note|Some of the data collected by the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) of 2009 and by the Chinese Spiritual Life Survey (CSLS) of 2007 have been reported and assembled by Xiuhua Wang (2015)<ref name="Wang2015"/> in order to confront the proportion of people identifying with two similar social structures: ① Christian churches, and ② the traditional Chinese religion of the lineage (i. e. people believing and worshiping ancestral deities of [[Chinese lineage associations|lineage "churches"]] and [[ancestral shrine]]s). Data for other religions with a significant presence in China (deity cults, Buddhism, Taoism, folk religious sects, Islam, et al.) were not reported by Wang and come from different sources.}}
|label1 = [[Chinese folk religion|Chinese religion]] (also including [[Confucianism|Confucians]], [[Taoism|Taoists]] and [[Chinese salvationist religions|sects]] other than  I-Kuan Tao, or [[irreligion|irreligious]] people
|value1 = 71.31
|color1 = #C00000
|label2 = [[Buddhism]]{{refn|group=note|Based on a 2006 survey of the distribution of Buddhist institutions in China,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ji |first1=Zhe |url=http://www.fjzd.org/news/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=2268 |trans-title=Three Decades of Revival: Basic Data on Contemporary Chinese Buddhism |script-title=zh:复兴三十年：当代中国佛教的基本数据 |website=fjzd.org [China Buddhism System Research Center] |language=zh-hans |date=2011 |access-date=18 September 2016 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427135345/http://www.fjzd.org/news/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=2268 |archive-date=27 April 2017 }}</ref> assuming that the percentage of institutions per capita is consistent with the percentage of Buddhists (which has been proved so by data on other regions), the Buddhist religion would account for between 10% and 20% (≈15%) of the population of Sichuan.}}
|value2 = 15
|color2 = Yellow
|label3 = [[Chinese ancestral religion]]
|value3 = 10.6
|color3 = DarkSlateBlue
|label4 = [[Yiguandao]]<ref name=YiguandaoSichuan>''Tokyo Sentaku'' [in Japanese]. 1 June 1999. "Cult Groups Seen Shaking Party Leadership" (FBIS-CHI-1999-0614 1 June 1999/WNC). Cited in: ecoi.net, ''[https://www.ecoi.net/local_link/171890/288221_de.html The Tian Dao (Yi Guan Dao, Yiguandao, Yi Guandao) sect and treatment of believers by the authorities] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009213708/https://www.ecoi.net/local_link/171890/288221_de.html |date=9 October 2016 }}''. [CHN32887.E] [ID 171890].</ref>
|value4 = 2.4
|color4 = Chartreuse
|label5 = [[Christianity in Sichuan|Christianity]]
|value5 = 0.68
|color5 = DodgerBlue
|label6 = [[Islam in Sichuan|Islam]]{{refn|group=note|As of 2010 there are 11,200 Muslims in Sichuan.<ref name="2010-Islam">Min Junqing. ''The Present Situation and Characteristics of Contemporary Islam in China''. JISMOR, 8. [https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/duar/repository/ir/18185/r002000080004.pdf 2010 Islam by province, page 29] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427140204/https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/duar/repository/ir/18185/r002000080004.pdf |date=27 April 2017 }}. Data from: Yang Zongde, ''Study on Current Muslim Population in China'', Jinan Muslim, 2, 2010.</ref>}}
|value6 = 0.1
|color6 = Green
}}

[[File:Ashoka's Buddha Statue, Sichuan Museum.png|thumb|left|upright|"[[Ashoka]]-type Buddha", 551 AD. An early example of Sichuanese Buddhist art with heavy Indian influence.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Howard |first=Angela F. |date=2008 |title=Pluralism of Styles in Sixth-Century China: A Reaffirmation of Indian Models |journal=[[Freer Gallery of Art#Scholarship|Ars Orientalis]] |volume=35 |pages=67–94 |jstor=25481908}}</ref>]]
The predominant religions in Sichuan are [[Chinese folk religion]]s, [[Taoism|Taoist traditions]], and [[Chinese Buddhism]]. According to surveys conducted in 2007 and 2009, 10.6% of the population believes and is involved in [[Chinese ancestral religion|cults of ancestors]], while 0.68% of the population identifies as [[Christianity in Sichuan|Christian]].<ref name="Wang2015"/> According to the Japanese publication ''Tokyo Sentaku'' in 1999, there were 2 million members of [[Yiguandao]] (Tiandao) in Sichuan, equal to 2.4% of the province's population.<ref name=YiguandaoSichuan/>

The reports did not give figures for other types of religion; the vast majority may be either irreligious or involved in Chinese folk religion, Buddhism, etc. [[Tibetan Buddhism]] is widespread, especially in areas inhabited by ethnic Tibetans. Sichuan is one of the cradles of the early [[Zhengyi Taoism|Heavenly Masters' Taoist religious movements]].

According to "Vestiges of Zoroastrianism in Medieval Sichuan" by Yao Chongxin, professor at Sun Yat-sen University, [[Zoroastrianism]] flourished during the period of [[Tang dynasty|Tang]] (618–907), [[Former Shu]] (907–925), [[Later Shu]] (934–965), and [[Song dynasty|Song]] (960–1279).<ref>{{cite book |last=Yao |first=Chongxin |editor-last1=Cheng |editor-first1=A-tsai |editor-last2=Wang |editor-first2=Chuan |date=1 October 2010 |chapter=唐宋時期巴蜀地區的火祆教遺痕 |trans-chapter=Vestiges of Zoroastrianism in Medieval Sichuan |title=張廣達先生八十華誕祝壽論文集 |trans-title=Papers in Celebration of the 80th Birthday of Zhang Guangda |language=zh-hant |location=New Taipei |publisher=Sin Wen Feng Publisher |pages=997–1028 |isbn=978-957-17-2120-0}}</ref>

A [[Chabad house|Chabad Jewish Center]] was established in [[Chengdu]] in 2012, after moving five times, a permanent location was secured at [[Wuhou District]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jewishchengdu.com/ |title=About Our Community: Building Dedication |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=<!--Not stated--> |website=jewishchengdu.com |access-date=30 September 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chabadchengdu.com/templates/articlecco_cdo/aid/2042598/jewish/Address-and-Directions.htm |title=Chabad Jewish Center of Chengdu: Address and Directions |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=<!--Not stated--> |website=chabadchengdu.com |access-date=30 September 2023}}</ref>

<gallery caption="Religious sites in Sichuan">
File:Huanglong Sichuan China Multicolored-ponds-04.jpg|View of the Temple of the Yellow Dragon (Chinese Buddhism) in [[Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area|Huanglong]].
File:Litang8.jpg|Statues of buddhas at Litang Monastery of the Tibetan tradition.
File:Main altar before Shangqing Temple on Qingchengshan, in Chengdu, Sichuan.jpg|A pavilion of the Shangqing Temple (Taoist) in Qingchengshan, [[Chengdu]].
File:China - Mount Emei - EmeiShan - Sichuan 11.jpg|Golden Temple of [[Mount Emei]] (Chinese Buddhism).
File:巴巴寺.JPG|{{ill|Baba Mosque|zh|巴巴寺}}, a [[Menhuan|Chinese]] [[Sufism|Sufi]] mosque in [[Langzhong]].
File:Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Chengdu.png|[[Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Chengdu]] ([[Catholic Church in Sichuan|Catholic]])
File:St John's Cathedral, Paoning.jpg|[[St John's Cathedral, Langzhong]] ([[History of Anglicanism in Sichuan|Anglican]])
File:成都恩光堂.jpg|[[Sï-Shen-Tsï Methodist Church]] ([[History of Methodism in Sichuan|Methodist]])
</gallery>
{{clear}}