Editing Reconquista (section)

==Conversions and expulsions==
{{Main|Treaty of Granada (1491)|Alhambra decree|Expulsion of the Moriscos|Forced conversions of Muslims in Spain|Persecution of Jews and Muslims by Manuel I of Portugal}}
[[File:Higueruela.jpg|thumb|Forces of [[Muhammed IX, Sultan of Granada|Muhammed IX]], [[Nasrid dynasty|Nasrid]] Sultan of [[Granada]], at the [[Battle of La Higueruela]], 1431]]

The new Christian hierarchy demanded heavy taxes from non-Christians and gave them rights, such as in the [[Treaty of Granada (1491)]] only for Moors in recently Islamic Granada. On 30 July 1492, all the Jewish community—some 200,000 people—were forcibly expelled.<ref>[https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/expulsion.html "Modern Jewish History: The Spanish Expulsion (1492)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115135151/http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/expulsion.html |date=15 November 2015 }}, ''The Jewish Virtual Library''.</ref> The next year, the [[Alhambra decree]] ordered the expulsion of practicing Jews, leading many of them to convert to Catholicism. In 1502, Queen Isabella I declared that conversion to Catholicism was compulsory within the Kingdom of Castile. [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Holy Roman Emperor Charles V]] imposed the same religious requirement on Moors in the Kingdom of Aragon in 1526, forcing its Muslim population to convert during the [[Revolt of the Germanies]].<ref name = "Tofiño">[http://www.lehman.cuny.edu/ciberletras/v06/tofino.html Censorship and Book Production in Spain During the Age of the Incunabula] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061118072214/http://www.lehman.cuny.edu/ciberletras/v06/tofino.html |date=18 November 2006 }}, Ignacio Tofiño-Quesada. Graduate Center, CUNY.</ref>

=== Spanish Inquisition ===
{{Main|Spanish Inquisition}}

Making things more complex were the many former Muslims and Jews known as ''[[Morisco]]s'', ''[[Marrano]]s'', and ''[[Converso]]s'', who shared ancestors in common with many Christians, especially among the aristocracy, causing much concern over loyalty and attempts by the aristocracy to hide their non-Christian ancestry. Some—the numbers are debated—continued to secretly practice their religions and use their languages well into the sixteenth century.<ref>{{cite book
|title=Los estatutos de limpieza de sangre : controversias entre los siglos XV y XVII
|first=Albert A.
|last=Sicroff
|publisher=[[Juan de la Cuesta]]
|year=2010
|isbn=978-1588711779
|quote=First published in French in 1960}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal
|first=William
|last=Childers
|title= 'Según es cristiana la gente': The Quintanar of ''Persiles y Sigismunda'' and the Archival Record
|journal=[[Cervantes: Bulletin of the Cervantes Society of America]]
|volume=24
|number=2
|year=2004
|pages=5–41
|doi=10.3138/Cervantes.24.2.005
|s2cid=160282260
|url=https://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/cervante/csa/articf04/childers.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705071410/https://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/cervante/csa/articf04/childers.pdf
|archive-date=5 July 2010
}}</ref> Those that the [[Spanish Inquisition]] found to be secretly practicing Islam or Judaism were executed, imprisoned, or exiled.{{Citation needed|date=April 2022}}

Nevertheless, all those deemed to be "New Christians" were repeatedly suspected of illegally continuing in secret to practice their religions. Various [[treason|crimes against the Spanish state]] including continued practice of Islam or Judaism. New Christians were subject to many discriminatory practices starting in the sixteenth century.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bethencourt |first1=Francisco |title=Racisms: From the Crusades to the Twentieth Century |date=2015 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-16975-0 |page=153 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S26YDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA153 |language=en}}</ref>