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==Military budget== [[File:Pakistan gdp growth rate.svg|thumb|GDP Rate of Growth 1951β2009]] {{main|Military Budget of Pakistan}} Faced with defence and security issues involving much larger opponents on both its eastern and western borders, the [[Ministry of Defence (Pakistan)|Ministry of Defence]] and [[Ministry of Finance (Pakistan)|Ministry of Finance]] require a disproportionate share of the nation's resources to maintain even a [[N-deterrence|minimally effective]] defensive stance.<ref name="U.S. Government sources" /> Since 1971, the military budget of the armed forces grew by 200% in support of armed forces contingency operations.<ref name="U.S. Government sources" /> During the administrations of Prime Ministers [[Benazir Bhutto]] and [[Nawaz Sharif]], approximately 50β60% of scientific research and funding went to military efforts.<ref name="U.S. Government sources" /> In 1993, Benazir Bhutto's defence budget for the year was set at PKR 94 billion (US$3.3 billion), which represented 27% of the government's circular spending and 8.9% of GDP, in calculations shown by the United States military.<ref name="U.S. Government sources" /> Despite criticism from the country's influential political-science sphere,<ref name="India Today">{{cite news|last=Sethi|first=Najam|title=Pakistan cannot afford fat military budgets|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/pakistan-cannot-afford-fat-army-budgets/1/132712.html|access-date=22 August 2013|newspaper=India Today|date=11 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101234211/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/pakistan-cannot-afford-fat-army-budgets/1/132712.html|archive-date=1 November 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> the government increased the military budget by an additional 11% for the fiscal year 2015β16.<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite news |title=Defence budget up by 10% to Rs 627 billion|url=http://nationalinterest.org/feature/pakistans-new-military-budget-by-the-numbers-13257|access-date=26 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121072956/http://nationalinterest.org/feature/pakistans-new-military-budget-by-the-numbers-13257|archive-date=21 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
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