Editing Max Weber (section)

==Legacy==
Weber's most influential work was on [[economic sociology]], [[political sociology]], and the [[sociology of religion]]. Along with [[Karl Marx]] and [[Émile Durkheim]], he is commonly regarded as one of the founders of modern sociology.{{sfnm|1a1=Petersen|1y=2017|1p=29|2a1=Scott|2y=2019|2pp=183–184}} He was instrumental in developing an [[antipositivism|antipositivist]], [[hermeneutic]], tradition in the [[social science]]s.{{sfnm|1a1=Rhoads|1y=2021|1p=40|2a1=Turner|2y=2001b|2p=16406}} Weber influenced many scholars across the political spectrum. Left-leaning social theorists{{snd}}such as [[Theodor W. Adorno]], [[Max Horkheimer]], [[György Lukács]], and [[Jürgen Habermas]]{{snd}}were influenced by his discussion of modernity and its friction with modernisation.{{sfnm|1a1=Kim|1y=2022|2a1=Löwy|2y=1996|2pp=431–441|3a1=Celikates|3a2=Flynn|3y=2023}} As part of that, his analysis of modernity and rationalisation significantly influenced the [[Frankfurt School]]'s [[critical theory]].{{sfnm|1a1=Celikates|1a2=Flynn|1y=2023|2a1=Löwy|2y=1996|2pp=438–439}} Right-leaning scholars{{snd}}including [[Carl Schmitt]], [[Joseph Schumpeter]], [[Leo Strauss]], [[Hans Morgenthau]], and [[Raymond Aron]]{{snd}}emphasised different elements of his thought. They placed importance on his discussion of strong leaders in democracy, political ethics' relationship with value-freedom and value-relativism, and using political action to combat bureaucracy.{{sfn|Kim|2022}} The scholars who have examined his works philosophically, including Strauss, [[Hans Henrik Bruun]], and [[Alfred Schütz]], have traditionally looked at them through the lens of [[Continental philosophy]].{{sfn|Turner|2007|p=39}}

===Weber studies===
Weberian scholarship's beginnings were delayed by the disruption of academic life in the Weimar Republic. Hyper-inflation caused Weber's support for parliamentary democracy to be countered by the decline the respect that professors had for it.{{sfn|Scott|2019|p=179}} The alienation that they experienced from politics caused many of them to become pessimistic and closer to the historical viewpoints espoused by [[Oswald Spengler]] in his ''[[The Decline of the West]]''.{{sfnm|1a1=Scott|1y=2019|1p=179|2a1=Turner|2y=2001a|2p=16408}} Furthermore, universities increasingly came under state control and influence. After the [[Nazi Party]] took power, that process accelerated. The previously dominant style of sociology, that of [[Alfred Vierkandt]] and [[Leopold von Wiese]], was largely replaced by a sociology that was dominated by support for the Nazis. [[Hans Freyer]] and [[Othmar Spann]] were representative of that movement, while Werner Sombart began to support collectivism and Nazism.{{sfn|Scott|2019|pp=179–180}} The Nazi Party's rise had relegated Weber's scholarship to a marginal position in the Germany academy. However, some Weberian scholars had left Germany while this was happening, with most of them settling in the United States and the United Kingdom.{{sfnm|1a1=Scott|1y=2019|1pp=179–180|2a1=Turner|2y=2001a|2p=16408}}

These scholars began to involve themselves in American and British scholarship at a time when Weber's writings, such as the ''General Economic History'', were beginning to be translated into English. [[Talcott Parsons]], an American scholar, was influenced by his readings of Weber and Sombart as a student in Germany during the 1920s. He obtained permission from Marianne Weber to publish a translation of ''The Protestant Work Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism'' in his 1930 essay collection, the ''[[Collected Essays on the Sociology of Religion]]''. This translated version, which was heavily edited by the publisher, was not initially successful.{{sfnm|1a1=Scott|1y=2019|1p=180|2a1=Derman|2y=2012|2pp=35–36|3a1=Swedberg|3a2=Agevall|3y=2016|3pp=211–212}} Parsons used this translation as part of his effort to create an academic sociology, which resulted in his 1937 book ''[[The Structure of Social Action]]''. In it, Parsons argued that Weber and Durkheim were foundational sociologists. However, his book was not successful until after the [[Second World War]]. He then published a translation of ''[[Economy and Society]]'' as ''[[The Theory of Social and Economic Organization]]''. Parsons's increasing scholarly prominence led to this volume's own elevated influence. Other translations began to appear, including [[C. Wright Mills]] and {{Interlanguage link|Hans Gerth's|de|Hans Heinrich Gerth}} ''[[From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology]]'' in 1946. Their volume was a collection of excerpts from Weber's writings. In the last year of the decade, [[Edward Shils]] edited a translation of Weber's ''[[Collected Essays on Methodology]]'', which was published as ''[[The Methodology of the Social Sciences]]''.{{sfnm|1a1=Scott|1y=2019|1pp=180–182|2a1=Turner|2y=2001a|2p=16409|3a1=Oakes|3a2=Vidich|3y=1999|3pp=404–405}}

As the 1940s ended, Weber's scholarly reputation rose as a result of scholarly interpretations of it through the lenses of Parsons's [[structural functionalism]] and Mills's [[conflict theory]].{{sfnm|1a1=Scott|1y=2019|1pp=182–183|2a1=Turner|2y=2001a|2pp=16409–16410}} Over the course of the following decades, continued publications of translated versions of Weber's works began to appear, including ones on law, religion, music, and the city. Despite the translations' flaws, it became possible to obtain a largely complete view of Weber's scholarship. That was still impeded by the unorganised publishing of the translations, which prevented scholars from knowing the connections between the different texts.{{sfn|Scott|2019|pp=182–183}} In 1968, a complete translation of Marianne Weber's prepared version of ''Economy and Society'' was published.{{sfnm|1a1=Scott|1y=2019|1pp=182–183|2a1=Roth|2y=2016|2pp=250–253|3a1=Swedberg|3a2=Agevall|3y=2016|3p=109}} While an interpretation of Weber that was separate from Parson's structural functionalism had begun with ''From Max Weber'', a more political and historical interpretation was forwarded by [[Reinhard Bendix]]'s 1948 ''[[Max Weber: An Intellectual Portrait]]'', [[Ralf Dahrendorf]]'s 1957 ''[[Class and Conflict in an Industrial Society]]'', and [[John Rex]]'s 1962 ''[[Key Problems in Sociological Theory]]''. [[Raymond Aron]]'s interpretation of Weber in his 1965 text, ''[[Main Currents in Sociological Thought]]'', gave an alternative to Parson's perspective on the history of sociology. Weber, while still integral to it, was being framed as one of the three foundational figures, the other two were Karl Marx and Émile Durkheim. [[Anthony Giddens]] solidified that interpretation of them with the publication of his ''[[Capitalism and Modern Social Theory]]'' in 1971. After the end of the 1970s, more of Weber's less prominent publications were published. That effort coincided with the continued writing of critical commentaries on his works and idea, including the creation of a scholarly journal in 2000, ''[[Max Weber Studies]]'', that is devoted to such scholarship.{{sfnm|1a1=Scott|1y=2019|1pp=183–184|2a1=Smith|2y=2019|2p=101}}

==={{Lang|de|Max Weber-Gesamtausgabe}}===
The idea of publishing a collected edition of Weber's complete works was pushed forward by Horst Baier in 1972. A year later, the ''{{Interlanguage link|Max Weber-Gesamtausgabe|de}}'', a multi-volume set of all of his writings, began to take shape.{{sfn|Hanke|Hübinger|Schwentker|2012|pp=65–70}} [[Wolfgang Mommsen|Wolfgang J. Mommsen]], [[Wolfgang Schluchter]], {{Interlanguage link|Johannes Winckelmann|de|Johannes Winckelmann (Jurist)}}, [[M. Rainer Lepsius]], and {{Interlanguage link|Horst Baier|de|Horst Baier (Soziologe)}} were the initial editors. After Mommsen's death in 2004, {{Interlanguage link|Gangolf Hübinger|de}} succeeded him. Winckelmann, Lepsius, and Baier also died before the completion of the project.{{sfn|Lichtblau|2022|pp=74–76}} The writings were organised in a combination of chronological order and by subject, with the material that was not intended to be published by Weber in purely chronological order. The final editions of each text were used, with the exception of ''The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism'', which was published in both its first and final forms.{{sfn|Lichtblau|2022|pp=79–81}} [[Mohr Siebeck]] was selected to publish the volumes.{{sfnm|1a1=Hanke|1a2=Hübinger|1a3=Schwentker|1y=2012|1pp=77–79|2a1=Lichtblau|2y=2022|2pp=74, 79|3a1=Adair-Toteff|3y=2014|3p=117}} The project was presented to the academic community in 1981 with the publication of a prospectus that was colloquially referred to as the "green brochure". It outlined the three sections of the series: "Writings and Speeches", "Letters", and "Lecture Manuscripts and Lecture Notes".{{sfn|Hanke|Hübinger|Schwentker|2012|p=84}} Four years later, the project entered publication.{{sfnm|1a1=Hanke|1a2=Hübinger|1a3=Schwentker|1y=2012|1pp=90–91|2a1=Lichtblau|2y=2022|2pp=74–75|3a1=Adair-Toteff|3y=2014|3p=113}} It concluded in June 2020 and contains forty-seven volumes, including two index volumes.{{sfn|Lichtblau|2022|pp=74–75}}