Editing Long Island (section)

==Transportation==
{{Main|Transportation on Long Island}}
[[File:The_sun_sets_over_a_crowded_JFK_(8444192213).jpg|thumb|[[John F. Kennedy International Airport|John F. Kennedy Airport]] in [[Queens]], the [[Busiest airports in the United States by international passenger traffic|busiest international air passenger gateway]] to the United States in January 2013]]
Many major forms of transportation serve Long Island, including aviation via [[John F. Kennedy International Airport]], [[LaGuardia Airport]], and [[Long Island MacArthur Airport]], and multiple smaller airports; [[commuter rail|rail transportation]] via the [[Long Island Rail Road]] and the [[New York City Subway]]; bus routes via [[MTA Regional Bus Operations]], [[Nassau Inter-County Express]], and [[Suffolk County Transit]]; ferry service via [[NYC Ferry]] and multiple smaller ferry companies; and several major highways. There are historic and modern bridges, and [[Trails on Long Island|recreational and commuter trails]], serving various parts of Long Island.

There are eleven road crossings out of Long Island, all but one providing Brooklyn-Manhattan, Queens-Manhattan, and Queens-Bronx connections across the East River, with the [[Triborough Bridge]] providing two connections from Queens, one each to Manhattan and the Bronx. The single non-East River crossing is the [[Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge]], connecting Brooklyn to [[Staten Island]] across [[The Narrows]]. Plans for a [[Long Island Sound link]] at locations in Nassau and Suffolk counties (a proposed bridge or tunnel that would link Long Island to the south with [[Westchester County, New York]] or Connecticut to the north across Long Island Sound) have been discussed for decades, but there are no plans to construct such a crossing.

===Public transportation===
{{Further|Metropolitan Transportation Authority}}
[[File:R62a7train.jpeg|thumb|A [[7 (New York City Subway service)|7 train]] in [[Queens]] in April 2007]]
The [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] operates [[mass transit|mass transportation]] for the [[New York metropolitan area]] including all five boroughs of New York City, the suburban counties of [[Dutchess County, New York|Dutchess]], [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau]], [[Orange County, New York|Orange]], [[Putnam County, New York|Putnam]], [[Rockland County, New York|Rockland]], [[Suffolk County, New York|Suffolk]], and [[Westchester County, New York|Westchester]], all of which together are the "Metropolitan Commuter Transportation District (MCTD)".

The MTA considers itself to be the largest regional public transportation provider in the [[Western Hemisphere]]. {{as of|2018}}, MTA agencies move about 8.6&nbsp;million customers per day (translating to 2.65&nbsp;billion rail and bus customers a year).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/mta/network.htm|title=Transportation Network|date=February 11, 2018|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211180823/http://web.mta.info/mta/network.htm|archive-date=February 11, 2018|url-status=live|access-date=February 11, 2018}}</ref> The MTA's systems carry over 11&nbsp;million passengers on an average weekday systemwide, and over 850,000 vehicles on its [[MTA Bridges and Tunnels|seven toll bridges and two tunnels]] per weekday.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/bandt/html/btintro.html|title=MTA – About Bridges & Tunnels|access-date=October 1, 2014|archive-date=September 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911025108/http://web.mta.info/bandt/html/btintro.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Rail====
{{Main|Long Island Rail Road}}
[[File:LIRR map.svg|thumb|A schematic map of the [[Long Island Rail Road]] system]]
The [[Long Island Rail Road]] (LIRR) is North America's busiest [[Commuter rail in North America|commuter railroad]] system, carrying an average of 282,400 passengers each weekday on 728 daily trains. Chartered on April 24, 1834, and operating continuously since, it is also the oldest [[railroad]] in the U.S. that still operates under its original charter and name. The [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] has operated the LIRR as one of its two commuter railroads since 1966, and the LIRR is one of the few railroads worldwide that provides service [[24/7|all the time]], year round.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mta.info/mta/network.htm |title=The MTA Network |access-date=April 30, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140403224122/http://mta.info/mta/network.htm |archive-date=April 3, 2014 }}</ref><ref name="LIRR175">{{cite web |url=http://web.mta.info/lirr/Video/175thAnniversary/Honoring175Years.htm |title=LIRR History |publisher=[[Metropolitan Transportation Authority|Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)]] |access-date=March 7, 2016 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030137/http://web.mta.info/lirr/Video/175thAnniversary/Honoring175Years.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> A $2&nbsp;billion plan to add a third railroad track to the LIRR [[Main Line (Long Island Rail Road)|Main Line]] between the [[Floral Park (LIRR station)|Floral Park]] and [[Hicksville station]]s in Nassau County was completed in 2022,<ref>{{cite web | last=Duggan | first=Kevin | title='Third' time's the charm: MTA finishes $2.5 billion LIRR Third Track project | website=amNewYork | date=October 3, 2022 | url=https://www.amny.com/transit/mta-finishes-lirr-third-track/ | access-date=October 15, 2022 | archive-date=October 14, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014224930/https://www.amny.com/transit/mta-finishes-lirr-third-track/ | url-status=live }}</ref> and an expansion of the [[Ronkonkoma Branch]] from one to two tracks was completed in 2018.<ref name="ABC7-DoubleTrackComplete">{{cite web|url=https://abc7ny.com/4304599/|title=LIRR Double Track project completed ahead of schedule|date=September 21, 2018|website=ABC7 New York|access-date=September 22, 2018|archive-date=September 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923005842/https://abc7ny.com/4304599/|url-status=live}}</ref>  Five "readiness projects" across the LIRR system, which cost a combined $495 million, were built in preparation for expanded peak-hour LIRR service after the completion of [[East Side Access]], which brings LIRR trains to [[Grand Central Madison]] in Manhattan.<ref name="TimesLedger Readiness">{{Cite web |url=https://www.timesledger.com/stories/2013/22/queenstransit_qt_2013_05_31_q2.html |title=Queens Tomorrow: LIRR headed to Grand Central |last1=Anuta |first1=Joe |last2=Newman |first2=Philip |date=June 5, 2013 |website=TimesLedger |publisher=[[TimesLedger Newspapers]] |access-date=May 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525133216/https://www.timesledger.com/stories/2013/22/queenstransit_qt_2013_05_31_q2.html |archive-date=May 25, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Jan 2013">{{cite web |url=http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/archive/130128_1330_CPOC.pdf#page=8 |title=MTA Capital Program Oversight Meeting |date=January 2013 |access-date=May 24, 2018 |work=[[Metropolitan Transportation Authority|mta.info]] |publisher=[[Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] |page=8 |archive-date=October 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025231644/http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/archive/130128_1330_CPOC.pdf#page=8 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Nov 2017">{{cite web |url=http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/archive/140623_1345_CPOC.pdf#page=35 |title=MTA Long Island Rail Road Committee Meeting |date=November 2017 |access-date=May 24, 2018 |work=[[Metropolitan Transportation Authority|mta.info]] |publisher=[[Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] |page=35 |archive-date=February 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205130002/http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/archive/140623_1345_CPOC.pdf#page=35 |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Bus====
{{Further|Long Island Bus|Nassau Inter-County Express|Suffolk County Transit}}
[[File:Merrick_Bl_Linden_Bl_td_(2019-06-21)_04a.jpg|thumb|A [[Nassau Inter-County Express]] bus in June 2019]]
[[Nassau Inter-County Express]] (NICE) provides bus service in Nassau County, while [[Suffolk County Transit]], an agency of the Suffolk County government, provides bus service in Suffolk County. In 2012, NICE replaced the former [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority|MTA]]'s [[Long Island Bus]] in transporting Long Islanders across Nassau County while allowing them to use MTA [[MetroCard (New York City)|MetroCards]] as payment.<ref>Bolger, Timothy. (December 30, 2011) [http://archive.longislandpress.com/2011/12/30/nice-bus-replacing-long-island-bus-this-weekend/ NICE Bus Replacing Long Island Bus This Weekend | Long Island Press] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623084605/http://archive.longislandpress.com/2011/12/30/nice-bus-replacing-long-island-bus-this-weekend/ |date=June 23, 2013 }}. Archive.longislandpress.com. Retrieved on July 21, 2013.</ref>

===Roads===
[[File:I-495 in Nassau County.jpg|thumb|[[Interstate 495 (New York)|Long Island Expressway]], sometimes referred to as the "world's longest parking lot" because of its heavy traffic,<ref>{{cite web|last=Popik|first=Barry|title=Entry from June 29, 2011 World's Longest Parking Lot (Long Island Expressway)|url=http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/worlds_longest_parking_lot_long_island_expressway_nickname/|access-date=October 27, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929035121/http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/worlds_longest_parking_lot_long_island_expressway_nickname|archive-date=September 29, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> in [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]]]]
The [[Long Island Expressway]], [[Northern State Parkway]], and [[Southern State Parkway]], all products of the automobile-centered planning of [[Robert Moses]], are the island's primary east–west high-speed [[controlled-access highway]]s.
{| class=wikitable
|+ style="text-align:center;"|'''Major roads of Long Island'''
|-
!width=125 |Direction !! width=60 |Route<br />shield !! Name
|-
|rowspan=10|'''''West-East'''''
|[[File:I-878.svg|25px]] [[File:NY-878.svg|25px]] || '''[[New York State Route 878|Nassau Expressway]] northern section'''
|-
|[[File:NY-27A.svg|25px]] || [[Montauk Highway]]
|-
|[[File:NY-27.svg|25px]] || '''[[New York State Route 27|Sunrise Highway]]'''*
|-
|[[File:Belt Pkwy Shield free.svg|25px]] [[File:Southern Pkwy Shield.svg|25px]]  || '''[[Belt Parkway]]''' / '''[[Southern State Parkway]]'''
|-
|[[File:NY-24.svg|25px]] || [[New York State Route 24|Hempstead Turnpike]]
|-
|[[File:NY-109.svg|25px]] || [[New York State Route 109|Babylon–Farmingdale Turnpike]]
|-
|[[File:Grand Central Pkwy Shield free.svg|25px]] [[File:Northern Pkwy Shield.svg|25px]] || '''[[Grand Central Parkway]]''' / '''[[Northern State Parkway]]'''
|-
|[[File:I-495.svg|25px]] || '''[[Interstate 495 (New York)|Long Island Expressway]]'''
|-
|[[File:NY-25.svg|25px]] || [[New York State Route 25|Jericho Turnpike/Middle Country Road]]
|-
|[[File:NY-25A.svg|25px]] || [[New York State Route 25A|Northern Boulevard]]
|-
|rowspan=18|'''''South-North'''''
|[[File:I-278.svg|25px]] || '''[[Interstate 278|Brooklyn-Queens Expressway]]'''
|-
|[[File:I-678.svg|25px]] || '''[[Interstate 678|Van Wyck Expressway]]'''
|-
|[[File:NY-878.svg|25px]] || [[New York State Route 878|Nassau Expressway]] southern section
|-
|[[File:I-295.svg|25px]] || '''[[Interstate 295 (New York)|Clearview Expressway]]'''
|-
|[[File:Cross Island Pkwy Shield free.svg|25px]] || '''[[Cross Island Parkway]]'''
|-
|[[File:Meadowbrook Pkwy Shield.svg|25px]] || '''[[Meadowbrook State Parkway]]'''
|-
|[[File:Wantagh Pkwy Shield.svg|25px]] || '''[[Wantagh State Parkway]]'''
|-
|[[File:NY-106.svg|25px]] || [[New York State Route 106|Newbridge Road]]
|-
|[[File:NY-107.svg|25px]] || [[New York State Route 107|Cedar Swamp Road/Broadway/Hicksville Road]]
|-
|[[File:NY-135.svg|25px]] || '''[[New York State Route 135|Seaford-Oyster Bay Expressway]]'''
|-
|[[File:NY-110.svg|25px]] || [[New York State Route 110|Broad Hollow Road]]
|-
|[[File:NY-231.svg|25px]] || [[New York State Route 231|Deer Park Avenue]]
|-
|[[File:Robert Moses Cswy Shield.svg|25px]] || '''[[Robert Moses Causeway]]'''
|-
|[[File:Sagtikos Pkwy Shield.svg|25px]] || '''[[Sagtikos State Parkway]]'''
|-
|[[File:Sunken Meadow Pkwy Shield.svg|25px]] || '''[[Sunken Meadow State Parkway]]'''
|-
|[[File:NY-111.svg|25px]] || [[New York State Route 111|Islip Avenue]]
|-
|[[File:Suffolk County Route 97 NY.svg|25px]] || [[County Route 97 (Suffolk County, New York)|Nicolls Road]]
|-
|[[File:Suffolk County Route 46 NY.svg|25px]] || '''[[County Route 46 (Suffolk County, New York)|William Floyd Parkway]]'''
|-
|colspan=3|
Roads in '''boldface''' are limited-access roads.<br />Sunrise Highway is only limited-access from western Suffolk County eastwards.
|}

====Ground transportation====
Several hundred transportation companies service the Long Island and New York City areas. Winston Airport Shuttle, the oldest of these companies in business since 1973, was the first to introduce door-to-door shared-ride service to and from the major airports, which almost all transportation companies now use.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.winstontrans.com/about |title=About GO Winston |access-date=September 13, 2014 |archive-date=September 12, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912030441/https://www.winstontrans.com/about/ |url-status=live }}</ref>