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===Europe=== {{see also|Former countries in Europe after 1815}} ====Nordic countries==== In the Nordic countries, unions were personal, not unitary * [[Icelandic Commonwealth]] (c. 930–1262) * [[Kingdom of Finland (1742)|Kingdom of Finland]] (1742–1743) * [[File:Flag of Finland (1918–1920).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Finland (1918)|Kingdom of Finland]] (1918–1919) * [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic]] (1918–1919) * [[File:Union Jack of Sweden and Norway (1844-1905).svg|20px|border]] [[United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway]] (1814–1905) * [[File:Flag of Norway (1814–1821).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Norway (1814)]] * {{flagicon|Denmark}} [[Denmark–Norway]] (1524–1814, intermittent) * {{flagicon|Kalmar Union}} [[Kalmar Union]] (1397–1523, intermittent) * [[File:Flag of Schleswig.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Schleswig|Schleswig]] (1058–1864) ====Modern France==== * [[File:Pavillon royal de la France.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of France]] (843–1792) (1814/15–1848) ** [[File:Drapeau de la province de Bretagne (1532).svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Brittany]] (939–1532) ** [[File:Ancient Flag of Burgundy.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Burgundy]] (918–1482) * [[File:Flag of France.svg|20px|border]] French Empire (1804-1814/15) (1852–1870) ** [[File:Flag of France.svg|20px|border]] [[First French Empire]] (1804–1814/15) ** [[File:Flag of France.svg|20px|border]] [[Second French Empire]] (1852–1870) * [[File:Vexillum Willelmi Ducis.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Normandy]] (911–1259/1469) * [[File:Flag of Lorraine.svg|20px]] [[Duchy of Lorraine]] (959–1766) * [[File:Flag of Béarn.svg|20px]] [[Viscounty of Béarn]] (9th century–1620) ** [[File:Gdansk flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Free City of Danzig (Napoleonic)|Free City of Danzig]] (1807–1814) ** [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Warsaw.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Warsaw]] (1807–1815) ** [[File:Flag_of_Saar_1920-1935.svg|20px|border]] [[Territory of the Saar Basin]] (1920–1935) * [[File:Flag of France.svg|20px|border]] [[Third French Republic]] (1870–1940) * [[File:Flag of Philippe Pétain, Chief of State of Vichy France.svg|20px|border]] [[Vichy France]] (1940–1944) ** [[File:Flag of Saar (1947–1956).svg|20px|border]] [[Saar Protectorate]] (1946–1956) * [[File:Flag of Corsica.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Corsica (1736)|Kingdom of Corsica]] (1736) * [[File:Flag of Corsica.svg|20px|border]] [[Corsican Republic]] (1755–1769) * [[File:Flag of Corsica.svg|20px|border]] [[Anglo-Corsican Kingdom]] (1794–1796) * [[File:Flag of the County of Foix.svg|20px|border]] [[County of Foix]] (1010–1607) * [[File:Flag of the Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune (1848-1849).svg|20px|border]] [[Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune]] (1848–1849) * [[File:Flag of France.svg|20px|border]] [[Fourth French Republic]] (1946–1958) ====Modern Germany==== * [[File:Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg|20px|border]] [[Holy Roman Empire]] (843–1806) * [[File:Commemorative Medal of the Rhine Confederation.svg|20px|border]] [[Confederation of the Rhine]] (1806–1813) * [[File:Flagge Herzogtum Anhalt.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Anhalt]] (1806–1918) * [[File:Flagge Fürstentum Reuß jüngere Linie.svg|20px]] [[Principality of Reuss-Gera]] (1806–1918) * [[File:Banner of the Electorate of Mainz.svg|20px]] [[Grand Duchy of Frankfurt]] (1810–1813) * [[File:War ensign of the German Empire Navy 1848-1852.svg|20px|border]] [[German Confederation]] (1815–1866) * [[File:Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg|20px|border]] [[German Empire (1848-49)|German Empire]] (1848–1849) * [[File:Flag of the German Empire.svg|20px|border]] [[North German Federation]] (1867–1871) * [[File:Flag of the German Empire.svg|20px|border]] [[German Empire]] (1871–1918) * [[File:Flag of Germany.svg|20px]] [[Weimar Republic]] (1918–1933) * [[File:Flag of Germany (1935–1945).svg|20px]] [[Nazi Germany]] (1933–1945) ** {{flag|West Berlin}} (1948–1990), [[Western Bloc]]-aligned political enclave. ** [[File:Flag of East Germany.svg|20px|border]] [[East Germany|German Democratic Republic]] (1949–1990) <small>(also known as '''East Germany''' or '''GDR'''), its states acceded to [[Federal Republic of Germany]] in 1990.</small> * [[File:Flag of the Republic of Alsace-Lorraine.svg|20px|border]] [[Alsace Soviet Republic]] (1918) * [[File:Flagge Großherzogtum Baden (1891–1918).svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Baden|Baden]] (Grand Duchy – 1806–1871) * [[File:Flag of Bavaria (striped).svg|20px|border]] [[Free State of Bavaria|Kingdom of Bavaria]] (1806–1871) ** [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Bavarian Soviet Republic]] (1919) * [[File:Flag of Bremen.svg|20px|border]] [[Bremen (state)|Bremen]] (1815–1871) * [[File:Flagge Herzogtum Braunschweig (1814-1830).svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Brunswick|Brunswick]] (1815–1871) * [[File:Flag of the Free City of Frankfurt.svg|20px|border]] [[Free City of Frankfurt|Frankfurt]] (Free Imperial City of Frankfurt (HRE), before 1806; City of Frankfurt, 1815–1866) * [[File:Flag of Hamburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Hamburg]] (1189–1871) * [[File:Flag of Hanover 1837-1866.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Hanover]] (1814–1866) * [[File:Hessen HG flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Hesse-Homburg]] (1815–1866) * [[File:Flag of Hesse.svg|20px|border]] [[Electorate of Hesse|Hesse-Kassel]] (or Hesse-Cassel) (Electorate, 1803–1807, 1813–1866) * [[File:Flag of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and Sigmaringen.png|20px|border]] [[Hohenzollern-Hechingen]] (1623–1850) * [[File:Flag of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and Sigmaringen.png|20px|border]] [[Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen]] (1623–1850) * [[File:Holstein Arms.svg|20px|border]] [[Holstein]] (1815–1864) * [[File:Flagge Fürstentum Lippe.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Lippe|Lippe]] (1123–1871) * [[File:Flag of the Free City of Lübeck.svg|20px|border]] [[Free City of Lübeck|Lübeck]] (Free city 1226–1871) * [[File:Flagge Großherzogtümer Mecklenburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|Mecklenburg-Schwerin]] (1815–1871) * [[File:Flagge Großherzogtümer Mecklenburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Mecklenburg-Strelitz]] (1815–1871) * [[File:Flagge Herzogtum Nassau (1806-1866).svg|20px|border]] [[Nassau (state)|Nassau]] (1806–1866) * [[File:Flag of Oldenburg (Scandinavian Cross).svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Oldenburg|Oldenburg]] (1815–1871) * [[File:Grunwald Słupsk i Szczecin.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Pomerania|Pomerania]] (1121–1637) * [[File:Flag of Prussia (1892-1918).svg|20px|border]] [[Prussia]] (1525–1871) ** [[File:Flag of Ducal Prussia.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Prussia]] (1525–1618) ** [[File:Flag of Brandenburg (1660–1750).svg|20px|border]] [[Brandenburg-Prussia]] (1618–1701) ** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1803-1892).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Prussia]] (1701–1871) * [[File:Arms of the Principality of Reuss-Greiz.svg|20px|border]] [[Reuss (state)|Reuss]] (1010–1806) * [[File:Flag of Saxe-Altenburg (1893-1918).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Altenburg]] (1602–1871) * [[File:Banner of Saxony (1%5E1).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]] (1735–1826) * [[File:Flagge Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha (1911-1920).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] (1826–1871) * [[File:Banner of Saxony (1%5E1).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Gotha]] (1640–1680) * [[File:Flagge Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha (1826-1911).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Hildburghausen]] (1680–1826) * [[File:Flag of Lauenburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Lauenburg]] (or Duchy of Lauenburg) (1296–1871) * [[File:Saxe- Meiningen.png|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Meiningen]] (1680–1871) * [[File:Flagge Großherzogtum Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1897-1920).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]] (1809–1871) * [[File:Flagge Königreich Sachsen (1815-1918).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Saxony|Saxony]] (kingdom) – 1806–1871) * [[File:Flagge Fürstentum Schaumburg-Lippe.svg|20px|border]] [[Schaumburg-Lippe]] (1647–1871) * [[File:Flagge Fürstentümer Schwarzburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt]] (1599–1871) * [[File:Flagge Fürstentümer Schwarzburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Schwarzburg-Sondershausen]] (1599–1871) * {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Waldeck (state)|Waldeck]] (1180–1871) * [[File:Flagge Königreich Württemberg.svg|20px|border]] [[Württemberg]] (kingdom) – 1806–1871) {{For|the hundreds of feudal states of various size (mainly [[Kleinstaaterei]]) and nature that were part of the non-centralised [[Holy Roman Empire]] (mainly in Germany, Austria, Benelux countries and various neighbouring regions)|List of states in the Holy Roman Empire}} * [[File:Flag of the Free State of Bottleneck.svg|20px|border]] [[Free State of Bottleneck]] (1919–1923) * {{Flag|East Germany}}, (1949-1990) [[File:Flag_map_of_East_Germany_(1959–1990).svg|thumb|alt=Flag map of East Germany|Flag map of East Germany]] * {{Flag|West Germany}}, (1949-1990) [[File:Flag_Map_of_West_Germany_(1949-1990).png|thumb|alt=Flag map of West Germany|Flag map of West Germany]] ====Austria==== * {{Flagicon image|Flag of Austria.svg}} [[Archduchy of Austria]] (1453–1804, 1867–1918) * {{Flagicon image|Flag of Tirol and Upper Austria.svg}} [[County of Tyrol]] (1140–1919) * {{Flagicon image|Flag of Styria.svg}} [[Duchy of Styria]] (1180–1918) * [[Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg]] (1328–1803) * {{Flagicon image|Flag of Austria.svg}} [[Republic of German-Austria]] (1918–1919) * {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg}} [[Austrian Empire]] (1804–1867) ==== Switzerland ==== * [[File:Early Swiss cross.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Old Swiss Confederacy]] (1300–1798) * [[File:Flag of the Helvetic Republic (French).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Helvetic Republic]] (1798–1803) * [[File:Flag of Canton of Valais (1802–1815).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Rhodanic Republic]] (1802–1810) ====Italy==== {{See also|Historical states of Italy}} * [[File:Flag of the Repubblica Cremasca.svg|border|20px]] [[Republic of Crema]] (1797) * [[File:Flag of the Republic of Alba.svg|border|20px]] [[Republic of Alba]] (1796) * [[File:Flag of the Republic of Ancona (c. 1177-1532).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Ancona]] ({{circa|1000}}–1532) * [[File:State Flag of the Republic of Florence.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Florence]] (1115–1569) * [[File:Bandera de Nápoles - Trastámara.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Naples]] (1282–1816) * [[File:Flag of Duchy of Urbino.svg|20px]] [[Duchy of Urbino]] (1443–1625) * [[File:Flag of the Repubblica Anconitana.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Anconine Republic]] (1797–1798) * [[File:Flag of the Giudicato of Arborea.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Judicate of Arborea]] (9th century–1420) * [[File:Etrurian Kingdom and War Flag with Great Royal Coat of Arms.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Etruria]] (1801–1807) * [[File:Flag of Italy.svg|border|20x20px]] [[United Provinces of Central Italy]] (1859–1860) * [[File:Flag of the Repubblica Cisalpina.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Cisalpine Republic]] (1797–1802) * [[File:Flag of the Cispadane Republic.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Cispadane Republic]] (1796–1797) * [[File:Flag of Cospaia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Cospaia]] (1440–1826) * [[File:Bandiera Elba.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Principality of Elba]] ([[Emperor#Elba|Elba]]) (1814–1815) * [[File:Etrurian Kingdom and War Flag with Great Royal Coat of Arms.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Etruria]] (1801–1807) * [[File:Flag of the Marquisate of Finale (12th century-1602).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Marquisate of Finale]] (967–1602) * {{Flagicon image|Labaro Reggenza Italiana del Carnaro.svg}} [[Italian Regency of Carnaro|Regency of Carnaro]] (1919–1920) * [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1816).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Gozo (independent state)|Gozitan Nation]] (1798–1801) * [[File:Flag of the Italian Republic (1802).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian Republic (Napoleonic)]] (1802–1805) * [[File:Flag of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)]] (1805–1814) * [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia]] (1815–1866) * [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Lucca.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Lucca]] (1815–1847) * [[File:Flag of the Principality of Lucca (1805-1809).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Principality of Lucca and Piombino]] (1805–1814) * [[File:Flag of Lucca (1799-1801).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Republic of Lucca]] (1160–1805) * [[File:Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg|border|20x20px]] [[History of Malta under the Order of Saint John|Sovereign Military Order of Malta]] (1530–1798) * [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Mantua (1575–1707).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Mantua]] (1273–1707) * [[File:Flag of Massa and Carrara.png|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Massa and Carrara]] (1473–1829) * [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Milan (1450).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Milan]] (1395–1797) * [[File:Flag of Augusto Anfossi.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Five Days of Milan|Provisional Government of Milan]] (1848) * [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Modena.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Modena]] (1452–1796, 1815–1859) * [[File:Bandera de Nápoles - Trastámara.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Naples]] (1285–1816) * [[File:Flag of the Republic of Noli.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Noli]] (1192–1797) * [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Parma.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Parma]] (1545–1859) * [[File:Flag of the Papal States (1825-1870).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Papal States]] (752–1870) * [[File:Flag of the Republic of Pisa.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Republic of Pisa]] ({{circa|1000}}–1406) * [[File:Flag of the Roman Republic (19th century).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Roman Republic (19th century)]] (1849) * [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Sardinia (1848).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)|Kingdom of Sardinia]] (1720–1861) * [[File:Flag of the Republic of San Marco.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Republic of San Marco]] (1848–1849) * [[Republic of Senarica]] (1343–1797) * [[File:Bandiera del Regno di Sicilia 4.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Sicily]] (1130–1816) * [[File:Flag of Sicilian Kingdom 1848.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Sicilian revolution of 1848|Kingdom of Sicily]] (1848) * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Transpadane Republic]] (1796–1797) * [[File:Flag of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1840).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany]] (1569–1801, 1815–1859) * [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1816).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Two Sicilies|Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]] (1815–1860) * [[File:Flag of Republic of Venice.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Venice]] (697–1797) * [[File:Flag of Genoa.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Genoa]] (1095–1797) ** [[File:Flag of Albania (1939–1943).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)|Italian protectorate of Albania]] (1939–1943) ** [[File:Flag of Montenegro (1905–1918, 1941–1944).svg|20x20px]] [[Italian governorate of Montenegro]] (1941–1943) * [[File:Flag of Tavolara.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Tavolara]] (1836–1934) * [[File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Italy]] (1861–1946) * [[File:Free Territory Trieste Flag.svg|20px]] [[Free Territory of Trieste]] (1947–1954) * [[File:Rose Island Flag.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Republic of Rose Island]] (1968–1969) ====Modern United Kingdom==== * [[File:Flag of Gwynedd.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Gwynedd]] (450–1216) * [[File:Flag of Powys.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Powys]] (5th century–1160) * [[File:Flag of Scotland (1542–2003).svg|23px|border]] [[Kingdom of Scotland]] (843–1707) * [[File:Flag of England.svg|23px|border]] [[Kingdom of England]] (927–1707) * [[File:Royal Banner of England.svg|20px]] [[Angevin Empire]] (1154–1214) * [[File:Banner of Llywelyn.svg|20px]] [[Principality of Wales]] (1216–1536) * [[File:Flag of The Commonwealth.svg|23px|border]] [[Commonwealth of England]] (1649–1653) and (1659–1660) * [[File:Standard of Oliver Cromwell (1653–1659).svg|23px|border]] [[The Protectorate]] (1653–1659) * [[File:Flag of Great Britain (1707–1800).svg|23px|border]] [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] (1707–1800) * [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg|23px|border]] [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]] (1801–1922) ====Ireland==== * [[File:Flag of Leinster.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Leinster]] (7th century BC–1603) * [[File:Fitzpatrick of Ossary.svg|20px|border=]] [[Osraige]] (150–1541) * [[Airgíalla]] (331–1585) * [[File:O%27Kelly.png|20px|border=]] [[Uí Maine]] ({{circa|357}}–1611) * [[Northern Uí Néill|Ailech]] (450–1617) * [[File:Royal Banner of O%27Donnell (Tyrconnell).png|20px|border]] [[Tyrconnell]] (5th century–1607) * [[File:O%27Neill Tyrone.png|20px|border=]] [[Tír Eoghain]] (5th century–1607) * [[File:Maguire.png|20px|border=]] [[Fermanagh]] (10th century–1607) * [[Magh Luirg]] ({{circa|956}}–1585) * [[File:Sword of Nuada.png|20px|border=]] [[Thomond]] (1118–1543) * [[File:Arms of McCarthy.svg|20px|border=]] [[Kingdom of Desmond]] (1118–1596) * [[File:Banner of the Lordship of Ireland.svg|20px|border]] [[Lordship of Ireland]] (1171–1542) * [[File:O%27Neill of Clanaboy.png|20px|border=]] [[Clandeboye]] (1283–1605) * [[Kingdom of Uí Failghe]] (Unknown–1550) * [[File:Flag of Connacht.svg|20px|border]] [[Kings of Connacht|Kingdom of Connacht]] * [[File:Saint Patrick's Saltire.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Ireland]] (1541–1801) * [[File:Green harp flag of Ireland 17th century.svg|20px|border]] [[Confederate Ireland|Irish Catholic Confederation]] (1641–1649) * [[File:Green harp flag of Ireland.svg|20px]] [[Republic of Connacht]] (1798) * {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Irish soviets]] (1919–1922) ** {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Limerick Soviet]] (1919) * {{flag|Irish Free State}} (1922–1937) ====Benelux==== * [[File:LuikVlag.svg|20px|border]] [[Prince-Bishopric of Liège]] (972–1795) annexed by France in 1795. * [[File:Banner of the Duchy of Brabant.svg|20px]] [[Duchy of Brabant]] (1183–1794) * [[File:Flag of Bouillon.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Bouillon]] (1456? – 1794) * [[File:Flag of the Brabantine Revolution.svg|20px|border]] [[United Belgian States]] (1789–1790) * [[File:Statenvlag.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of the Seven United Netherlands]] (1581–1795) (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden/Provinciën) Independence from Spain after [[Eighty Years' War]] in 1581, conquered by [[France]] 1795. * [[File:Flag of the Batavian Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Batavian Republic]] (1795–1806) (Bataafse Republiek) France's [[vassal state]]. * [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Holland]] (1806–1810) (Koninkrijk Holland/Royaume d'Hollande) Ruled by [[Louis Bonaparte]], [[Annexation|annexed]] by France 1810. * [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|20px|border]] [[Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands]] (1813–1815) * [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|20px|border]] [[United Kingdom of the Netherlands]] (1815–1839) ====Poland==== * [[File:Grunwald Słupsk i Szczecin.svg|25x25px|border=]] [[Duchy of Pomerania]] (1121–1160, 1264–1295, 1478–1531, 1625–1637) ** [[:pl:Władcy Pomorza Zachodniego#Pierwszy podział księstwa (1160-1264)|Demmin Principality]] (1160–1264) ** [[:pl:Władcy Pomorza Zachodniego#Pierwszy podział księstwa (1160-1264)|Szczecin Principality]] (1160–1264, 1295–1523) * [[File:Terra Bernstein - Pommern-Wolgast COA.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Pomerania-Wolgast|Duchy of Pomerania-Wolgast]] (1295–1478) * [[File:Chorągiew księcia mazowieckiego Siemowita.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Masovia]] (1138–1275, 1294–1310, 1370–1381, 1495–1526) * [[File:Grunwald Słupsk i Szczecin.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Pomerania-Stolp|Duchy of Pomerania-Stolp]] (1368–1478) * [[Pomerania-Neustettin|Duchy of Pomerania-Neustettin]] (1368–1390) * [[File:POL województwo krakowskie IRP COA.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Kraków]] (1227–1320) * [[File:Alex K Halych.svg|25x25px|border=]] [[Principality of Halych]] (1110–1339) * [[File:Alex K Halych-Volhynia-flag.svg|25x25px|border=]] [[Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia]] (1199–1349) * [[File:POL województwo śląskie COA.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Bytom]] (1281–1498) * [[File:Banner of the Duchy of Silesia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Silesia]] (1138–1335) * [[File:POL województwo śląskie flag formal.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Opole]] (1172–1202, 1281–1532) * [[File:POL województwo śląskie II RP COA.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Racibórz]] (1172–1202, 1281–1521) * [[File:POL województwo opolskie COA alt.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Opole and Racibórz]] (1202–1281, 1521–1532, 1551–1556) * [[File:POL województwo brzeskokujawskie IRP COA.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Inowrocław]] (1267–1364) * [[File:Flag of Cieszyn Silesia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Teschen]] (1281–1918) * [[History of Poland during the Piast dynasty|Duchy of Poland]] (966–1025, 1031–1076, 1079–1138, 1138–1227) * [[File:Kingdom of Poland-flag.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Kingdom of Poland]] (1025–1031, 1076–1079, 1295–1296, 1300–1320) * [[File:Banner of the Kingdom of Poland.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Kingdom of Poland|United Kingdom of Poland]] (1320–1386) * [[File:Flaga Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodow ogolna.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] (1569–1795) ** [[File:Banner of Sigismund III Vasa.svg|25x25px|border=]] [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland]] (1386–1795) ** [[File:Royal banner of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.svg|25x25px|border=]] [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] (1236–1795) ** [[File:Flag of Prussia (1466-1772) Lob.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Royal Prussia]] (1466–1569) ** [[File:Flag of Ducal Prussia.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Duchy of Prussia]] (1525–1657) ** [[File:Flag of Courland (state).svg|25x25px|border]] [[Duchy of Courland and Semigallia]] (1561–1795) *** [[Couronian colonization|New Courland]] (1637, 1639, 1642, 1654–1659, 1660–1666, 1680–1683, 1686–1690) * [[File:Flag of Galicia-Lodomeria 1890-1918.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria]] (1772–1918, part of the [[Austrian Empire]], later part of Austria-Hungary) * [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Warsaw.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Warsaw]] (1807–1815; part of [[First French Empire]], personal union with the [[Kingdom of Saxony]]) * [[File:Flag of Krakow.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Free City of Cracow|Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory]] (1815–1846) * [[File:Royal Standard of the Tsar of Poland (1815–1830).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Congress Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] (1815–1832; personal union with the [[Russian Empire]]) * [[File:Flag of Russia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Vistula Land]] (1867–1915; part of the Russian Empire) * [[File:Flagge Preußen - Provinz Posen (1815).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Grand Duchy of Posen]] (1815–1848; part of the [[Kingdom of Prussia]]) * [[File:Flag of the Grand Duchy of Cracow.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Grand Duchy of Kraków]] (1846–1918; part of [[Austria-Hungary]]) * [[File:Flag of Poland (November Uprising).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish National Government (November Uprising)|Polish National Government]] (1830–1831) * [[File:Coat of arms of the Kraków Uprising.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Kraków uprising|Polish National Government]] (1846) * [[File:Flag of the Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth (January Uprising).svg|25x25px|border]] [[Polish National Government (January Uprising)|Polish National Government]] (1863–1864) * [[File:Flag of Poland (1919–1927).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918)|Kingdom of Poland]] (1917–1918) * [[File:Flag of Poland (1919–1927).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Republic of Zakopane]] (1918) * [[File:POL Tarnobrzeg flag.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Republic of Tarnobrzeg]] (1918–1919) * [[File:Flag of Ukraine.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Komancza Republic]] (1918–1919) * [[File:Прапор Лемко-Русинської Республіки.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Lemko Republic|Lemko-Rusyn People's Republic]] (1918–1920) * [[File:Flag of Poland (1919–1927).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Second Polish Republic]] (1918–1939) ** [[File:Flag of Central Lithuania 1920.svg|25x25px]] [[Republic of Central Lithuania]] (1920–1922) ** [[File:Flag of the Free City of Danzig.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Free City of Danzig]] (1920–1939) * [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee]] (1920) * [[File:War Ensign of Germany (1938–1945).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Military Administration in Poland]] (1939) * [[File:Flag of Germany (1935–1945).svg|border|25x25px]] [[General Government|General Governorate for the Occupied Polish Region]] (1939–1945) * [[File:Flaga PPP.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish Underground State]] (1939–1945) * [[File:Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish Committee of National Liberation]] (1944) * [[File:Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Provisional Government of the Republic of Poland]] (1944–1945) * [[File:Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Provisional Government of National Unity]] (1945–1947) * [[File:Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish People's Republic|Republic of Poland]] (1947–1952) * [[File:Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish People's Republic]] (1952–1989) * [[File:Flag of Poland (normative).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish National Territorial Region|Polish National-Territorial Region]] (1990–1991) ====Ukraine==== * [[Kholodny Yar Republic]] (1919–1922) * [[File:Прапор В.З..png|20px|border]] [[Zaporozhian Sich]] (1552–1775) * [[File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanat.svg|20px|border=]] [[Cossack Hetmanate]] (1649–1764) * {{flagicon image|Flag of Ukraine (1917–1921).svg}} [[Ukrainian People's Republic]] (1917–1920) * {{flagicon image|Flag of Ukraine (1917–1921).svg}} [[Ukrainian State]] (1918) * {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[West Ukrainian People's Republic]] (1918–1919) * [[File:Flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919–1929).svg|20px|border]] [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1919–1991; sovereign until 1922) * [[File:Махновское знамя.svg|20px|border]] [[Makhnovshchina]] (1918–1921) * {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Hutsul Republic]] (1919) * [[File:Flag of the Galician SSR.svg|20px|border]] [[Galician Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1920) * {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Carpatho-Ukraine]] (1939) * {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Ukrainian national government (1941)|Ukrainian National Government]] (1941) * [[File:Flag_of_Donetsk_People's_Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Donetsk People's Republic]] (2014–2022) * [[File:Flag_of_the_Luhansk_People's_Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Luhansk People's Republic]] (2014–2022) ====Crimea==== * [[File:Coat of arms of Gothia.svg|20px|border=]] [[Principality of Theodoro]] (13th century–1475) * [[File:Flag of the Crimean Khanate (15th century).svg|20px]] [[Crimean Khanate]] (1449–1783) * [[File:Flag of the Crimean Tatar people.svg|20px|border]] [[Crimean People's Republic]] (1917–1918) * [[File:Flag of the Crimean ASSR (1938).svg|20px|border]] [[Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1921–1941/1944–1945/1991–1992) * [[File:Flag_of_Crimea.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Crimea (country)|Republic of Crimea]] (2014) ====Baltic countries and Belarus==== * [[File:Iziaslav of Polock Seal avers.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Polotsk]] (10th century–1397) * [[File:Royal banner of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] (1236–1795) * {{flagicon|Lithuania}} [[Kingdom of Lithuania (1918)|Kingdom of Lithuania]] (1918) * [[File:Flag of Lithuania.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Lithuania|Republic of Lithuania]] (1918–1940) * [[File:Flag of the Republic of Perloja.svg|20px|border]] [[Perloja|Republic of Perloja]] (1918–1923) * [[File:Flag of Central Lithuania 1920.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Central Lithuania]] (1920–1922) * [[File:Flag of the Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR.svg|20px|border]] [[Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1919) * [[File:Flag of Belarus (1918, 1991–1995).svg|20px|border]] [[Belarusian People's Republic]] (1918–1919) * [[File:Flag of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919-1927).svg|20px|border]] [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1919–1922) * [[File:Flag of the State of the Teutonic Order.svg|20px|border]] [[State of the Teutonic Order]] (1230–1525) * [[File:Flag of et-Parnu.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Livonia]] (1570–1578) * [[File:United Baltic Duchy flag.svg|20px|border]] [[United Baltic Duchy]] (1918) * [[File:Flag of the Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic (1918–1920).svg|20px|border]] [[Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic]] (1918–1920) * [[File:Flag of Latvia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Latvia|First Latvian Republic]] (1918–1940) * [[File:Flag of Courland (state).svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1918)|Duchy of Courland and Semigallia]] (1918) * [[File:Petropavlovsk-Krondstadt flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Soviet Republic of Naissaar]] on an Estonian Baltic Sea island (1917–1918) * [[File:Flag of the Commune of the Working People of Estonia.svg|20px|border]] [[Commune of the Working People of Estonia]] (1918–1919) * [[File:Flag of Estonia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Estonia|First Estonian Republic]] (1918–1940) ====Romania and Moldova==== * [[File:Dacian Draco.svg|20px|border]] [[Dacia|Dacian Kingdom]] (168 BC–106 AD) * [[Țara Litua]] (1247–1330) * [[Voievodeship of Gelu]] (9th–11th century) * [[Voivodeship of Maramureș]] (9th century–1402) * [[Jupanat of Dimitrie]] (c. 943) * [[Voivodeship of Glad]] (10th century) * [[Voivodeship of Menumorut]] (9th–11th century) * [[Jupanat of Gheorghe]] (10th century) * [[Jupanat of Tatos]] (c. 1190) * [[Jupanat of Sacea]] (11th century) * [[Jupanat of Setslav]] (c. 1085) * [[File:Flag_of_Transylvania_(1350).svg|20px|border]] [[Voivodship of Transylvania]] (12th century–1541) * [[Banat of Severin]] (1228–1526) * [[Voivodship of Seneslav]] (13th century) * [[Cnezatul lui Ioan]] (13th century) * [[Cnezatul lui Farcaș]] (13th century) * [[File:Flag of Wallachia.svg|20px|border]] [[Wallachia|Principality of Wallachia]] (1330–1859) * [[File:Flag of Moldavia.svg|20px|border]] [[Moldavia|Principality of Moldavia]] (1346–1859) * [[File:Transsylvanian_Banner.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)|Principality of Transylvania]] (1570–1711) * [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg|20px|border]] [[Wallachian Eyalet]] (1595) * [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg|20px|border]] [[Temeşvar Eyalet]] (1552–1716) * [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg|20px|border]] [[Varat Eyalet]] (1660–1692) * [[File:Flag_of_Transylvania_before_1918.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867)|Grand Principality of Transylvania]] (1711–1867) * [[File:Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg|20px|border]] [[Banat of Temeswar]] (1718–1778) * [[File:Flag_of_Bukowina.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Bukovina]] (1849–1918) * [[File:Flag of the United Principalities of Romania (1862–1866).svg|20px|border]] [[United Principalities|United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia]] (1859–1881) * {{flagicon|Romania}} [[Kingdom of Romania]] (1881–1947) * [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Banat Republic]] (1918–1919) * [[File:National flag of the Moldavian Democratic Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Moldavian Democratic Republic]] (1917–1918) * [[File:Flag of Romania (1965–1989).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Socialist Republic of Romania]] (1947–1989) ====Russia==== * [[File:Nowogród.svg|20px|border]] [[Novgorod Republic]] (1136–1478) * [[File:Символ господарства Псковского.png|20px|border]] [[Pskov Republic]] (1348–1510) * [[File:Symbol of Principality of Tver.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Tver]] (1246–1483) * {{noflag}}[[Principality of Beloozero]] (13th–15th century) * {{noflag}}[[Principality of Yaroslavl]] (1218–1463) * [[File:Symbol Duchy of Ryazan.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Ryazan]] (1097–1521) * [[File:Эмблема пермской земли (Саадачный покровец, около 1626 год).gif|20px|border]] [[Great Perm|Principality of Great Perm]] (1323–1505) ** [[Vyatka Land]] * [[File:Golden Horde flag 1339.svg|20px|border]] [[Golden Horde]] (1320–1547) * {{noflag}}[[Astrakhan Khanate]] (1466–1556) * {{Flagicon image|Zilant flag.gif}} [[Khanate of Kazan]] (1438–1552) * [[Qasim Khanate]] (1452–1681) * [[Khanate of Sibir]] (1468–1598) * [[File:Flag of the Kalmyk Khanate.svg|20px|border]] [[Kalmyk Khanate]] (1630–1771) * [[File:Karelian National Flag.svg|20px]] [[Republic of Uhtua]] (1918–1920) * [[File:Flag of Kuban People's Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Kuban People's Republic]] (1918–1920) * [[File:Flag of Don Cossacks.svg|20px|border]] [[Don Republic]] (1918–1920) * [[File:Flag of Idel-Ural State.svg|20x20px]] [[Idel-Ural State]] (1 March 1918 – 28 March 1918) * [[File:Flag of the Far Eastern Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Far Eastern Republic]] (1920–1922) * {{Flagicon image|Flag of Green Ukraine.svg}} [[Green Ukraine]] (1920–1922) * {{flagicon image|Flag of Tungus Republic.svg}} [[Tungus Republic]] (1924–1925) * {{flagicon image|Flag of Mongolia (1911-1921).svg}} [[State of Buryat-Mongolia]] (1917–1920) * [[File:Seal of Ivan 4 1539 a.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Moscow]] (1283–1547) *{{Flagicon|Ingria}}[[North Ingria]](1919–1920)[[File:POL COA Gryf.svg|left|frameless|27x27px]][[Jaxa (state)|Jaxa]] (1665–1674) * [[File:Flag of Oryol ship (variant).svg|20px|border]] [[Tsardom of Russia]] (1547–1721) * {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russian Empire]] (1721–1917) ** [[File:Royal Standard of the Tsar of Poland (1815–1830).svg|20px|border]] [[Congress Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] (1815–1867) ** [[File:Flag of Russia.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Finland]] (1809–1917) * [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Petrograd Soviet|Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies]] (1917–1924) * {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russian Republic]] (1917) * {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russian Democratic Federative Republic|Russian Republic]] (1918) * {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russian State (1918–1920)|Russian State]] (1918–1920) * [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic]] (1918) * [[File:Flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1918–1937).svg|20px|border]] [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] (1917–1922) * {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Supreme Administration of the Northern Region]] (1918) * {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Provisional Government of the Northern Region]] (1918–1920) * {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Armed Forces of South Russia]] (1918–1919) * [[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|20px|border]] [[Soviet Union|Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]] (1922–1991) [[File:Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_(orthographic_projection)-Flag_version.svg|thumb|alt=Union of Soviet Socialist Republic map With Flag|Union of Soviet Socialist Republic map With Flag]] ** [[File:Flag of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1952–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic (1956–1991).svg|20x20px]] [[Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1951–1991).svg|20x20px]] [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1940–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic (1951–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991) ** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Karelo-Finnish SSR.svg|size=20x20px}} [[Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1940–1956) ** [[File:Flag of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1940–1990) ** [[File:Flag of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1988).svg|20x20px]] [[Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1940–1990) ** [[File:Flag of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (1952–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1940–1991) *** [[File:Flag of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (1952–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1990–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1954–1991).svg|20x20px]] [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Turkestan Autonomous SSR Flag.svg}} [[Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1918–1924) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of Volga German ASSR.svg}} [[Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1918–1941) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Bashkir ASSR.svg}} [[Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1919–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of Tatar ASSR.svg}} [[Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1920–1990) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of The Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920-36).svg}} [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic]] (1920–1936) *** {{flagicon image|}} [[Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1921–1924) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Dagestan ASSR.svg}} [[Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1921–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Crimean ASSR (1938).svg}} [[Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1921–1945) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Yakut ASSR.svg}} [[Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Buryat ASSR.svg}} [[Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1923–1990) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of Karelian ASSR.svg}} [[Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1923–1940; 1956–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Kirghiz ASSR (1926–1936).svg}} [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1926–36)|Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic]] (1926–1936) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of Mordovian ASSR.svg}} [[Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1934–1990) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of Udmurt ASSR.svg}} [[Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1934–1990) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of Kalmyk ASSR.svg}} [[Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1935–1943; 1957–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR.svg}} [[Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1944; 1957–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Kabardino-Balkar ASSR.svg}} [[Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1944; 1957–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Komi ASSR.svg}} [[Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of Mari ASSR.svg}} [[Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the North Ossetian ASSR.svg}} [[North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1992) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Kabardin ASSR (1954-1957).svg}} [[Kabardin Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1944–1957) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of Tuvan ASSR (1978-1992).svg}} [[Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1961–1992) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Russian SFSR.svg}} [[Khakas Autonomous Oblast]] (1990–1991) *** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Russian SFSR.svg}} [[Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1990–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1929–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (1973–1991).svg|20x20px]] [[Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1924–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991) ** [[File:Flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (1952–1991).svg|20x20px]] [[Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1924–1991) ====Hungary==== * [[File:Flag of Hungary (895-1000).svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Hungary]] (895–1000) * [[File:Flag of Hungary (1867-1918).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Hungary]] (1000–1804) ** [[File:Coa Hungary Country History John I of Hungary (Szapolyai) (1526-1540).svg|x20px]] [[Eastern Hungarian Kingdom]] (1526–1551, 1556–1570) ** [[File:Banner of Gabriel Bethlen.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)|Principality of Transylvania]] (1570–1711) ** [[File:Flag of Hungary (15th century, rectangular).svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Upper Hungary]] (1682–1685) ** [[File:Banner of Gabriel Bethlen.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867)|Principality of Transylvania]] (1711–1804) ** [[File:Flag of Croatia (Early 16th century–1526) (Border).svg|20px|border]] [[Croatia in personal union with Hungary|Kingdom of Croatia]] (1102–1526) * [[File:Flag of Louis II of Hungary.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)|Kingdom of Hungary]] (1301–1526) * [[File:Flag of Hungary with great coat of arms (1849).svg|20px|border]] [[Hungarian State (1849)|Hungarian State]] (1849) * [[File:Flag of Hungary.svg|20px]] [[Hungarian People's Republic]] (1949–1989) ====Czechia and Slovakia==== * [[File:Banner of Přemyslid family.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Bohemia]] ({{circa|870}}–1198) * [[File:Flag of Bohemia.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Bohemia]] (1198–1918) * [[File:Banner of arms of Moravia.svg|20px|border]] [[Margraviate of Moravia]] (1182–1918) * [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Slovak Soviet Republic]] (1919) * [[File:Flag of Slovakia (1939–1945).svg|20px|border]] [[Slovak Republic (1939–1945)|Slovak Republic]] (1939–1945) * {{flagicon|TCH}} [[First Czechoslovak Republic]] (1918–1938) * {{flagicon|TCH}} [[Second Czechoslovak Republic]] (1938–1939) * {{flagicon|TCH}} [[Third Czechoslovak Republic]] (1945–1948) * {{flagicon|TCH}} [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic]] (1948–1989; before 1960 as Czechoslovak Republic) * {{flagicon|TCH}} [[Czech and Slovak Federative Republic]] (1990–1992) ====Austria==== * [[File:Flag of Austria (1-1).svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Austria]] (1156–1453) * [[File:Flag of Austria.svg|20px|border]] [[Archduchy of Austria]] (1453–1804) * [[File:Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg|20px|border]] [[Austrian Empire]] (1804–1867) * [[File:Austro-hungarian coat of arms 1914.svg|20px|border]] [[Austria-Hungary]] (1867–1918) ====Balkans==== * In Albania: ** [[File:Flag of Albanian Provisional Government (1912-1914).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Independent Albania]] (1912–1914) ** [[File:Flag of the Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus]] (1914) ** [[File:Essad Pasha's flag.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Central Albania]] (1913–1914) ** [[File:Flag of Albania (1914–1920).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Principality of Albania]] (1914–1925) ** [[File:Flag of Albania (1914–1920).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian protectorate over Albania]] (1917–1920) ** [[File:Flag of the Republic of Mirdita.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Mirdita]] (1921) ** [[File:Flag of Albania (1939–1943).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)|Italian protectorate of Albania]] (1939–1943) ** [[File:Flag of Albania (1934-1939).svg|border|20x20px]] [[German occupation of Albania]] (1943–1944) ** [[File:Flag of Albania (1946–1992).svg|border|20x20px]] [[People's Socialist Republic of Albania]] (1946–1992) * In Aromania: ** [[File:Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg|border|20x20px]] [[First Hellenic Republic]] (1828–1832) ** [[File:Areios Pagos Anatolikis Ellados.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece]] (1821–1825) ** [[File:State Flag of Greece (1863-1924 and 1935-1970).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Greece]] (1832–1924, 1935–1941, 1944–1974) ** [[File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian Islands of the Aegean]] (1912–1945) ** [[File:Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Second Hellenic Republic]] (1924–1935) * In Bosnia: ** [[File:Banovina Bosna zastava (rotated).png|24x24px]] [[Kingdom of Bosnia]] (1377–1463) ** [[File:OostenrijkHongarije-Bosnie.png|border|20x20px]] [[Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina|Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina]] (1878–1918) ** [[File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1998).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina]] (1992–1995) ** {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia (1993–1995).svg}} [[Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia]] (1993–1995) ** [[File:Flag of the Republika Srpska.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republika Srpska (1992–1995)|Republika Srpska]] (1992–1995) ** [[File:Flag of the Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia]] (1991–1996) * In Bulgaria: ** [[File:Flag of the Second Bulgarian Empire.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Second Bulgarian Empire]] (1185–1396) ** [[File:Flag of Vicina.svg|20x20px]] [[Despotate of Dobruja]] (1356–1411) ** {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Principality of Bulgaria]] (1878–1908) ** [[File:Strandzha Commune.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Strandzha Commune]] (1903) ** {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Kingdom of Bulgaria]] (1908–1946) ** [[File:Flag of Bulgaria (1971–1990).svg|border|20x20px]] [[People's Republic of Bulgaria]] (1946–1990) * In Croatia: ** [[File:Flag_of_the_State_of_Slovenes,_Croats_and_Serbs.svg|border|20x20px]] [[State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs]] (1918) ** [[File:Crown_of_Zvonimir_(Croatia).svg|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)|Kingdom of Croatia]] (925–1102) ** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)|Kingdom of Croatia]] (1527–1868) ** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Slavonia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Slavonia]] (1699–1868) ** [[File:Flag of Croatia-Slavonia with CoA.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia]] (1868–1918) ** [[File:Flag of the Free State of Fiume.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Free State of Fiume]] (1920–1924) ** [[File:Flag of Independent State of Croatia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Independent State of Croatia]] (1941–1945) ** [[File:Free Territory Trieste Flag.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Free Territory of Trieste]] (1947–1954) ** [[File:St. Blaise - National Flag of the Ragusan Republic.png|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Ragusa]] (1358–1808) ** [[File:State Flag of Serbian Krajina (1991).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Serbian Krajina]] (1991–1995) * In Greece: ** [[File:Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg|border|20x20px]] [[First Hellenic Republic]] (1828–1832) ** [[File:Areios Pagos Anatolikis Ellados.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece]] (1821–1825) ** [[File:State Flag of Greece (1863-1924 and 1935-1970).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Greece]] (1832–1924, 1935–1941, 1944–1974) ** [[File:Flag of the United States of the Ionian Islands.svg|border|20x20px]] [[United States of the Ionian Islands]] (1815–1864) ** [[File:Flag of the Septinsular Republic.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Septinsular Republic]] (1800–1815) ** [[File:Flag of the Principality of Samos (1834–1912).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Principality of Samos]] (1815–1864) ** [[File:Flag of Cretan State.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Cretan State]] (1898–1913) ** [[File:Flag of the Free State of Ikaria.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Ikaria|Free State of Ikaria]] (1912) ** [[File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian Islands of the Aegean]] (1912–1945) ** [[File:Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Second Hellenic Republic]] (1924–1935) * In Montenegro: ** [[File:Flag of the Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro2.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro]] (1516–1852) ** [[File:Flag of the Principality of Montenegro.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Principality of Montenegro]] (1852–1910) ** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Montenegro.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Montenegro]] (1910–1918) ** [[File:Flag of Montenegro (1905–1918, 1941–1944).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian governorate of Montenegro]] (1941–1943) ** [[File:Flag of Montenegro (1905–1918, 1941–1944).svg|border|20x20px]] [[German-occupied territory of Montenegro]] (1943–1944) * In North Macedonia: ** [[File:Flag of the Kruševo Republic.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kruševo Republic]] (1903) ** [[File:Flag IMARO.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Independent Macedonia (1944)|Independent Macedonia]] (1944) [proposed] * In Serbia: ** [[File:Flag of Revolutionary Serbia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Revolutionary Serbia]] (1804–1813) ** [[File:Flag of Serbia (1835-1882).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Principality of Serbia]] (1815–1882) ** [[File:State Flag of Serbia (1882-1918).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Serbia]] (1882–1918) ** [[File:Flag of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.svg|border|20x20px]] [[State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs]] (1918) ** [[File:Flag of Yugoslavia (1918–1941).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]] (1929–1943) ** [[File:Flag of SFR Yugoslavia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]] (1943–1992) ** {{Flag|Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|1992}} (1992–2003) ** {{Flag|Serbia and Montenegro}} (2003–2006) ** [[File:Flag of Kosova (1991–1999).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Kosova]] (1991–1999) * In Turkey: ** [[File:Byzantine imperial flag, 14th century, square.svg|20x20px]] [[Byzantine Empire]] (395–1453) *** [[File:Arms of the House of de la Roche.svg|24x24px]] [[Duchy of Athens]] (1205–1458) *** [[Despotate of Epirus]] (1356–1479) *** [[Empire of Nicaea]] (1204–1261) ** [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Ottoman Empire]] ({{circa|1299}}–1922) ** [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Government of the Grand National Assembly]] (1920–1923) ====Caucasus==== * [[File:Flag of Mihranids.svg|20px]] [[Caucasian Albania]] (2nd century BC–8th century AD) * [[Kabardia]] ({{circa|1453}}–{{circa|1825}}) * [[File:Circassian flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Circassia]] (13th century–1864) * [[Kingdom of Abkhazia]] (778–1008) * [[Elisu Sultanate]] (1604–1844) * [[File:Flag of Avars.svg|20px]] [[Avar Khanate]] (13th century–1864) * {{Flagicon image|Thirdimamateflag.svg}} [[Caucasian Imamate]] (1828–1859) * [[File:Flag of the Mountain Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus]] (1917–1921) * [[File:Flag of North Caucasian Emirate.svg|20x20px]] [[North Caucasian Emirate]] (1919–1920) * [[File:Flag of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.svg|border|23px]] [[Chechen Republic of Ichkeria]] (1991–2000) * [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Georgia.svg|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Georgia]] (1008–1490) * [[File:Banner of the Kingdom of Imereti.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Imereti]] (1260–1810) * [[File:Banner of the Principality of Svaneti.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Svaneti]] (1463–1858) * [[File:Flag of The Principality of Mingrelia (Portolan 1560).svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Mingrelia]] (1557–1867) * [[File:Banner of Guria.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Guria]] (1460–1829) * [[Samtskhe-Saatabago]] (1266–1625) * [[Kingdom of Kartli]] (1478–1762) * [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Kakheti.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Kakheti]] (1465–1762) * [[File:Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti.svg|25px]] [[Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti]] (1762–1801) * [[File:Flag of Georgia (1918–1921, 4-5).svg|23px|border]] [[Democratic Republic of Georgia]] (1918–1921) * {{flagicon|Armenia}} [[First Republic of Armenia]] (1918–1920) * {{flagdeco|Armenia}} [[Republic of Mountainous Armenia]] (April 1921–July 1921) * {{flagicon|Artsakh}} [[Republic of Artsakh]] (1991–2024) * {{flagicon image|Flag of the Republic of Aras.svg}} [[Republic of Aras]] (1918–1919) * {{flagicon image|Flag of the Centrocaspian Dictatorship.svg}} [[Centrocaspian Dictatorship]] (1918) * {{flagdeco|Russia}} [[Provisional Military Dictatorship of Mughan|Military Dictatorship of Mughan]] (1918–1919) * {{flagicon image|Baku_Commune.png}} [[Baku Commune]] (1918) * {{flagicon|Azerbaijan}} [[Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan]] (1918–1920) * [[File:Flag of the Transcaucasian Federation.svg|23px|border]] [[Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic]] (February 1918–May 1918) ====Iberian Peninsula==== * [[File:Bandeirareinogaliza.svg|23px|border]] [[Kingdom of Galicia]] (410–1833) * [[File:Rectangular green flag.svg|border|20px]] [[Emirate of Córdoba]] (756–929) * [[File:Royal_flag_of_Ramiro_I_of_Asturies.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Asturias]] (718–924) * [[File:Bandera de Reino de Navarra.svg|23px|border]] [[Kingdom of Navarre]] (824–1620) * [[File:Royal Banner of León.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of León]] (910–1230) * [[File:Flag of the Couto Misto.svg|18px|border]] [[Couto Misto]] (10th century–1868) * [[File:Royal Banner of the Kingdom of Castile (Variant).svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Castile]] (1065–1833) * [[File:Banderacatalana1231.png|20px]] [[Principality of Catalonia]] (12th century – 1714/1833) * [[File:Royal Banner of Aragón.svg|23px]] [[Crown of Aragon]] (1164–1707/1715) * [[File:Royal Banner of the Crown of Castile (Early Style)-Variant.svg|23px]] [[Crown of Castile]] (1230–1716) * [[File:Bandera del Reino de Mallorca.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Majorca]] (1231–1715) * [[File:Royal Standard of Nasrid Dynasty Kingdom of Grenade.svg|23px]] [[Emirate of Granada]] (1232–1492) * [[Iberian Union]] (1580–1640) * [[File:Flag of Catalonia.svg|23px]] [[Catalan Republic (1640–1641)|First Catalan Republic]] (1640–1641) * [[File:Bandeira Reino Unido Portugal Brasil Algarve.svg|23px|border]] [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]] (1815–1825) * [[File:Flag Portugal (1830).svg|23px|border]] [[Monarchy of the North|Kingdom of Portugal (Monarchy of the North)]] (1919) * [[File:Flag of Portugal.svg|23px|border]] [[Ditadura Nacional]] (1926–1933) * [[File:Flag of Spain (1931–1939).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Second Spanish Republic]] (1931–1939) * [[Republic of Galicia]] (1931) * [[File:Flag of Catalonia.svg|23px]] [[Catalan Republic (1931)|Second Catalan Republic]] (1931) * {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Asturian miners' strike of 1934|Asturian Socialist Republic]] (October 1934) * {{flagicon image|CNT FAI flag.svg}} [[Revolutionary Catalonia]] (1936–1937) * [[File:Estelada_blava.svg|20px]] [[Catalan declaration of independence|Catalonia]] (2017, disputed)
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