Editing Lima (section)

==Transportation==
{{Main|Transport in Lima}}

===Air===
[[File:Aeropuerto de Callao - Lima en Perú 3.jpg|thumb|220x220px|[[Jorge Chávez International Airport]]]]
Lima is served by [[Jorge Chávez International Airport]], located in [[Callao]] (LIM). It is the country's largest airport hosting the largest number of domestic and international passengers. It serves as the fourth-largest hub in the Latin American air network. The airport is the hub for most Peruvian airlines, such as ATSA Airlines, [[Star Perú]], [[JetSmart Perú]], [[Sky Airline Peru]] and the Peruvian flag carrier, [[LATAM Airlines Perú|LATAM Perú]]. Lima possesses five other airports: the Las Palmas Air Force Base, Collique Airport and runways in [[Santa María del Mar (Peru)|Santa María del Mar]], [[San Bartolo District|San Bartolo]] and [[Chilca]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gc.kls2.com/ |title=Great Circle Mapper |publisher=Gc.kls2.com |access-date=8 July 2009}}</ref>

[[Jorge Chávez International Airport]] is currently undergoing an expansion, with a new terminal being constructed along with an additional runway and multiple commercial areas. These new expansions will consist of the Lima Airport City. The airport will be the first airport city of Latin America and will increase the current airport capacity of 30 million to 40 million passengers. The expansion project will be complete on 30 March 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Jorge Chávez – The New International Airport |url=https://nuevojorgechavez.com/en/ |access-date=2024-04-23 |language=en-US}}</ref>

===Road===
{{Further|Highways in Peru}}
[[File:Panamericana sur.jpg|thumb|[[Peru Highway 1|South Panamerican Highway]]]]
Lima is a major stop on the [[Pan-American Highway]]. Because of its location on the country's central coast, Lima is an important junction in Peru's highway system. Three major highways originate in Lima.
*The [[Peru Highway 1|Northern Panamerican Highway]] extends more than {{convert|1330|km|mi|sp=us}} to the border with Ecuador connecting the northern districts with many major cities along the northern Peruvian coast.
*The Central Highway ({{langx|es|Carretera Central|links=no}}) connects the eastern districts with cities in central Peru. The highway extends {{convert|860|km|mi|sp=us}} with its terminus at [[Pucallpa]] near Brazil.
*The [[Peru Highway 1|Southern Panamerican Highway]] connects the southern districts to the southern coast. The highway extends {{convert|1450|km|mi|sp=us}} to the border with Chile.

The city has a single major bus terminal next to the mall Plaza Norte. This bus station connects to national and international destinations. Other bus stations serve private bus companies around the city. In addition, informal bus stations are located in the south, center and north of the city.

===Maritime===
[[File:Miraflores Costa Verde Skyline (Lima, Peru).jpg|thumb|285x285px|Miraflores District on the coast]]
Lima's proximity to the port of [[Callao]] allows Callao to act as the metropolitan area's major port and one of Latin America's largest. Callao hosts nearly all maritime transport for the metropolitan area. A small port in [[Lurín District|Lurín]] serves oil tankers due to a nearby refinery. Maritime transport inside Lima city limits is relatively insignificant compared to that of Callao.

The [[Port of Chancay]] is currently the largest in South America with it commencing operations on 14 November 2024.

===Rail===
[[File:Lima gare.jpg|thumb|[[Desamparados station]]]]
Lima is connected to the Central Andean region by the [[Ferrocarril Central Andino]] which runs from Lima through the departments of [[Junín Region|Junín]], [[Huancavelica Region|Huancavelica]], [[Pasco Region|Pasco]] and [[Huánuco Region|Huánuco]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ferrocarrilcentral.com.pe/index_.php |title=Ferrocarril Central Andino S.A. |publisher=Ferrocarrilcentral.com.pe |access-date=8 July 2009 |archive-date=2 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090702044459/http://www.ferrocarrilcentral.com.pe/index_.php }}</ref> Major cities along this line include [[Huancayo]], [[La Oroya]], [[Huancavelica]] and [[Cerro de Pasco]]. Another inactive line runs from Lima northwards to the city of [[Huacho]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.huacho.info/bandurria/ferrocarril.html |title=Bandurria – El sitio – Ferrocarril Lima Huacho |publisher=Huacho.info |access-date=8 July 2009}}</ref> [[Commuter rail]] services for Lima are planned as part of the larger [[Tren de la Costa (Peru)|Tren de la Costa]] project. Lima's main railway station is the [[Desamparados station]].

===Public===
Lima's road network is based mostly on large [[Dual carriageway|divided avenues]] rather than [[Controlled-access highway|freeways]]. Lima operates a network of nine freeways – the Via Expresa Paseo de la Republica, Via Expresa Javier Prado, Via Expresa Grau, Panamericana Norte, Panamericana Sur, Carretera Central, Via Expresa Callao, Autopista Chillon Trapiche and the Autopista Ramiro Priale.<ref name="arqandina.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.arqandina.com/pages/p4/f413.htm |title=Periodo 1945–1965 – Galería de Fotos y Planos |publisher=Arqandina.com |access-date=8 July 2009 |archive-date=20 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220160606/http://arqandina.com/pages/p4/f413.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

According to a 2012 survey, the majority of the population uses public or collective transportation (75.6%), while 12.3% uses a car, taxi or motorcycle.<ref name="limacomovamos.org" />

The urban transport system is composed of over 300 transit routes<ref name="proinversion.gob.pe" /> that are served by buses, microbuses and combis.

Taxis are mostly informal and unmetered; they are cheap but feature poor driving habits. Fares are agreed upon before the passenger enters the taxi. Taxis vary in size from small four-door compacts to large vans. They account for a large part of the car stock. In many cases they are just a private car with a taxi sticker on the windshield. Additionally, several companies provide on-call taxi service.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.frommers.com/destinations/lima/2868020156.html |title=Lima: Planning a Trip: Getting Around |publisher=Frommers.com |date=28 July 2008 |access-date=8 July 2009}}</ref>

=== Corredores Complementarios Bus System ===
[[File:Sistema Integrado de Transporte de Lima.jpg|220px|thumb|Sistema Integrado de Transporte Bus System in [[Avenida Arequipa|Arequipa Avenue]] (Route 301)]]
{{main|Corredores complementarios}}

The [[Integrated Transport System]] (SIT), is a bus system developed by the local government to reorganize the current system of routes that has become chaotic. One of the main goals of the SIT is to reduce the number of urban routes, renew the bus fleet currently operating by many private companies and to reduce (and eventually replace) most "combis" from the city.

As of July 2020, SIT currently operates 16 routes: [[San Martín de Porres District|San Martin de Porres]] – [[Santiago de Surco|Surco]] (107) [[Ate District|Ate]] – [[San Miguel District, Lima|San Miguel]] (201, 202,204,206 and 209), [[Rímac District|Rimac]] – [[Santiago de Surco|Surco]] (301,302,303 and 306), [[San Juan de Lurigancho]] – [[Magdalena del Mar District|Magdalena]] (404,405,409,412), and [[Lima District|Downtown Lima]] – [[San Miguel District, Lima|San Miguel]](508){{citation needed|date=October 2021}}

===Colectivos===
[[Colectivo]]s render express service on some major roads. The colectivos signal their specific destination with a sign on their windshield. Their routes are not generally publicitized but are understood by frequent users. The cost is generally higher than public transport; however, they cover greater distances at greater speeds due to the lack of stops. This service is informal and is illegal.<ref>{{cite web |title=Getting around: Taxis, mototaxis and colectivos |url=http://www.roughguides.com/travel/south-america/peru/getting-around/taxis-mototaxis-and-colectivos.aspx |work=[[Rough Guides]] |access-date=13 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116171248/http://www.roughguides.com/travel/south-america/peru/getting-around/taxis-mototaxis-and-colectivos.aspx |archive-date=16 January 2013}}</ref> Some people in the periphery use so-called "mototaxis" for short distances.

====Metropolitan Transport System====
[[File:Lima Metropoliano.jpg|thumb|[[El Metropolitano]]]]
The Metropolitan Transport System or [[El Metropolitano]] is a new, integrated system, consisting of a network of buses that run in exclusive corridors under the Bus Rapid Transit system (BRT). The goal is to reduce passengers' commute times, protect the environment, provide improved security and overall quality of service. Metropolitano was executed with funds from the City of Lima and financing from the [[Inter-American Development Bank]] and the [[World Bank]]. Metropolitana is the first BRT system to operate with natural gas, seeking to reduce air pollution.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metropolitano.gob.pe/|title=Metropolitano|website=www.metropolitano.gob.pe|access-date=7 April 2023}}</ref> This system links the principal points of the Lima Metropolitan Area. The first phase of this project has {{convert|33|km|sp=us}} of line (north) to [[Chorrillos District|Chorrillos]] (south). It began commercial operations on 28 July 2010. Since 2014, Lima Council operates the "Sistema Integrado de Transporte Urbano" (Urban integrated transport system), which comprises buses over [[Avenida Arequipa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.munlima.gob.pe/corredorazul |title=Corredor Azul &#124; Tacna - Garcilaso de la Vega - Arequipa &#124; Reforma del Transporte |access-date=29 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729005141/http://www.munlima.gob.pe/corredorazul/ |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> By the end of 2012, the Metropolitano system counted 244 buses in its central routes and 179 buses in its feeding routes. Weekday use averages 437,148 passengers. Usage increased since 2011 by 28.2% for weekdays, 29.1% for Saturdays and 33.3% for Sundays.<ref name="limacomovamos.org" />
[[File:Linea 1 del Metro de Lima.jpg|alt=|thumb|[[Lima Metro]] Line 1]]

====Metro====
The [[Lima Metro]] is expected to have six lines. As of 2024, there are two lines running and a third under construction. The other lines are in the Ministry of Transportation's investment portfolio for the next 5 years.

Line 1 has twenty six passenger stations, with an average separation of {{convert|1.2|km|ft|sigfig=2|sp=us}}. It begins in the Industrial Park of Villa El Salvador, south of the city, continuing on to Av. Pachacútec in Villa María del Triunfo and then to Av. Los Héroes in San Juan de Miraflores, then through Av. Tomás Marsano in Surco to reach Ov. Los Cabitos, to Av. Aviación and then cross the river Rimac to finish, after almost {{convert|35|km|0|abbr=on}}, in the east of the capital in [[San Juan de Lurigancho]]. The system operates 24 trains, each with six wagons. Each wagon has the capacity to transport 233 people. The metro system began operating in December 2012 and transported 78,224 people on average on a daily basis.<ref name="limacomovamos.org" />

Line 2 of the metro has a first stage already working, the expansion of the line it's being delivered in 2026, along with a portion of line 4 that will be connecting the airport to the metro system. Line 3 and expansion of line 4 are now in the pre bid stage to be done in 2025.

===Other transportation issues===
[[File:Intensa Congestión vehicular en Lima.jpg|alt=avenue|thumb|271x271px|[[Traffic congestion|Traffic Jam]] in Javier Prado Avenue]]
Lima has high traffic congestion, especially at peak hours. 1.397 million vehicles were in use by the end of 2012. The region operates 65.3% of the cars in the country.<ref name="limacomovamos.org" />

The Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) offered economic incentives for municipalities to implement bicycle routes in their districts. Recreational bike lanes can be found in 39 districts. The Proyecto Especial Metropolitano de Transporte No Motorizado (PEMTNM) estimates that more than a million and a half people used the bike lanes in 2012. The bike lanes ran for {{convert|71|km|0|abbr=on}}. They estimate that the use of the bike lanes prevented the emission of 526 tons of carbon dioxide in 2012.<ref name="limacomovamos.org" />

San Borja district was the first to implement a bikeshare program called San Borja en Bici. It supplied 200 bicycles and six stations across the district (two of them connecting with the Metro). By December 2012, the program had 2,776 subscribers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.munisanborja.gob.pe/bicisanborja/ |title=:::.- San Borja en Bici -.::: |work=munisanborja.gob.pe |access-date=17 December 2014 |archive-date=1 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151201045750/http://www.munisanborja.gob.pe/bicisanborja/ }}</ref>