Editing Japanese cuisine (section)

==Imported and adapted foods==
Japan has a long history of importing food from other countries, some of which are now part of Japan's most popular cuisine. [[Ramen]] is considered an important part to their culinary history, to the extent where in survey of 2,000 Tokyo residents, [[Instant noodle|instant ramen]] came up many times as a product they thought was an outstanding Japanese invention.<ref>Ayao, Okumura. "Japan's Ramen Romance." ''Japan Quarterly'' 48.3 (2001): 66. ''ProQuest Asian Business & Reference''</ref> Believed to have originated in China, ramen became popular in Japan after the [[Second Sino-Japanese war]] (1937–1945), when many Chinese students were displaced to Japan.<ref name=":0">Seligman, Lucy. "The History of Japanese Cuisine." ''Japan Quarterly'' 41.2 (1994): 165. ''PAO Liberal Arts Collection 1.''</ref>

[[File:Beef curry rice 003.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Japanese curry|Curry]] is so widely consumed that it can be called a [[national dish]].<ref name="curry rice research">{{cite web |script-title = ja:『カレーライス』に関するアンケート |publisher = ネットリサーチ ディムスドライブ |url = http://www.dims.ne.jp/timelyresearch/2008/081014/ |language = ja |access-date = February 1, 2016 |archive-date = December 26, 2018 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023332/http://www.dims.ne.jp/timelyresearch/2008/081014/%20 |url-status = live }}</ref>]]
Curry is another popular imported dish and is ranked near the top of nearly all Japanese surveys for favorite foods.<ref>Morieda Takashi. "The Unlikely Love Affair with Curry and Rice." ''Japan Quarterly'' 47.2 (2000): 66. ''ProQuest Asian Business & Reference.''</ref> The origins of curry, as well many other foreign imports such as ''pan'' or bread, are linked to the emergence of ''[[yōshoku]]'', or western cuisine. ''Yōshoku'' can be traced as far back as the late [[Muromachi period]] (1336–1573) during a culinary revolution called ''namban ryori'' (南蛮料理), which means "Southern barbarian cooking", as it is rooted in European cuisine.<ref name=":0" /> This cuisine style was first seen in [[Nagasaki]], which served as the point of contact between Europe and Japan at that point in time. Food items such as potatoes, corn, dairy products, as well as the hard candy ''kompeito'' (金平糖), spread during this time.<ref name=":0" /> This cuisine became popular in the [[Meiji period]], which is considered by many historians to be when Japan first opened itself to the outside world. 

Bread was not a traditional food in Japan, but ''shokupan'', or [[Japanese Milk Bread|Japanese milk bread]], was developed and came into broad use after the American response to post-World War II Japanese [[Famine|rice shortages]] included [[Foreign aid|relief]] shipments of [[wheat]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Krader |first=Kate |date=September 18, 2019 |title=Japanese Milk Bread Is Coming for Your Lunch |language=en |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-18/what-is-japanese-milk-bread-shokupan-sando-coming-for-your-lunch |access-date=July 30, 2023 |archive-date=July 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210702233913/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-18/what-is-japanese-milk-bread-shokupan-sando-coming-for-your-lunch |url-status=live }}</ref>

Today, many of these imported items still hold a heavy presence in Japan.{{citation needed|date=October 2021}} 
* [[List of Japanese dishes#Foods imported from Portugal in the 16th century|Foods imported from Portugal in the 16th century]]
* [[List of Japanese dishes#Other homegrown cuisine of foreign origin|Other adapted cuisines in Japan]]

===Yōshoku – Foreign (Western) food, dishes===
{{Main|Yōshoku}}
Source:<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

Japan today abounds with home-grown, loosely Western-style food. Many of these were invented in the wake of the 1868 [[Meiji Restoration]] and the end of [[sakoku|national seclusion]], when the sudden influx of foreign (in particular, Western) culture led to many restaurants serving Western food, known as ''yōshoku'' (洋食), a shortened form of ''seiyōshoku'' (西洋食, "Western cuisine"), opening up in cities. Restaurants that serve these foods are called ''yōshokuya'' (洋食屋, "Western cuisine restaurants").<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wei |first=Tiffany |date=2021-12-20 |title=Yōshoku: Reformation of Eating as an Act of Nationalism |url=https://local.storymapsdev.arcgis.com:3443/stories/c3d5c6a603d9434c8abfe80763ecc4cd |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=ArcGIS StoryMaps |language=en}}</ref>

Many ''yōshoku'' items from that time have been adapted to a degree that they are now considered Japanese and are an integral part of any Japanese family menu. Many are served alongside rice and miso soup, and eaten with chopsticks. Yet, due to their origins these are still categorized as ''yōshoku'' as opposed to the more traditional ''washoku'' (和食, "Japanese cuisine").<ref>{{cite web |title=Japan's surprising 'Western' cuisine |url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20200714-japans-surprising-western-cuisine |website=BBC Travel |date=July 15, 2020 |access-date=February 4, 2022 |archive-date=September 30, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930023213/https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20200714-japans-surprising-western-cuisine |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Chūka ryōri – Japanese Chinese cuisine ===
{{Main|Japanese Chinese cuisine}}
Chinese cuisine is one of the oldest and most common foreign cuisines in Japan, predating the introduction of Western food dishes into the country. Many Chinese dishes have been altered to suit Japanese palates in a type of cuisine known as "chuka ryori". Iconic dishes of chuka ryori include [[ramen]], [[Jiaozi|gyoza]], and [[Baozi|chukaman]].

===Okonomiyaki===
{{main|Okonomiyaki}}
[[File:Okonomiyaki 001.jpg|thumb|Japanese pancake, [[Okonomiyaki]]]]
Okonomiyaki is a savoury pancake containing a variety of ingredients in a wheat-flour-based batter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Okonomiyaki Savoury Pancake Recipe |url=https://www.japancentre.com/en/recipes/1-okonomiyaki-savoury-pancake |access-date=March 27, 2022 |website=Japan Centre |language=en |archive-date=September 30, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930023213/https://www.japancentre.com/en/recipe/1-okonomiyaki-savoury-pancake |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Tonkatsu===
[[File:Tonkatsu by ayustety in Tokyo.jpg|thumb|''[[Tonkatsu]]'' pork cutlet]]
{{main|Tonkatsu}}
Tonkatsu is a breaded, deep-fried pork cutlet. It is frequently served with [[tonkatsu sauce]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-20 |title=The most delicious way to eat tonkatsu blows people's minds in Japan |url=https://soranews24.com/2024/02/21/the-most-delicious-way-to-eat-tonkatsu-blows-peoples-minds-in-japan/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=SoraNews24 -Japan News- |language=en-US |archive-date=September 30, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930023212/https://soranews24.com/2024/02/21/the-most-delicious-way-to-eat-tonkatsu-blows-peoples-minds-in-japan/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Curry===
{{main|Japanese curry}}
[[Curry]] was introduced by [[British people|Anglo]]-Indian officers of the [[Royal Navy]] from [[British Raj|India]] who brought curry powder to Japan in the [[Meiji period]].<ref name="times-curry"/> The [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] adopted curry to prevent [[beriberi]]. Overtime it was reinvented and adapted to suit Japanese tastes that it became uniquely Japanese.<ref name="times-curry">{{Cite news|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2011/08/26/food/curry-its-more-japanese-than-you-think/ |title=Curry — it's more 'Japanese' than you think|last=Itoh|first=Makiko|date=August 26, 2011 |work=The Japan Times |access-date=March 31, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108233344/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2011/08/26/food/curry-its-more-japanese-than-you-think/|archive-date=January 8, 2018}}</ref> It is consumed so much that it is considered a [[national dish]].<ref name="curry rice research"/> Many recipes are on the menu of the [[Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force|JMSDF]].<ref>[https://www.mod.go.jp/msdf/formal/family/recipe/archive/currey.html Curry Recipe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127110050/https://www.mod.go.jp/msdf/formal/family/recipe/archive/currey.html |date=January 27, 2019 }} Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force {{in lang|ja}}</ref> A variety of vegetables and meats are used to make [[Japanese curry]], usually vegetables like onions, carrots, and potatoes. The types of meat used are beef, pork, and chicken. A popular dish is ''[[Katsukarē|Katsu-karē]]'' which is a [[Tonkatsu|breaded deep-fried cutlet]] (''tonkatsu''; usually pork or chicken) with Japanese curry sauce.<ref name="bbc_goodfood">{{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/chicken_katsu_curry_48890 |title=Chicken katsu curry | publisher=BBC | work=Food recipes | date=2016 | access-date=January 20, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714131951/https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/chicken_katsu_curry_48890 |archive-date=July 14, 2021}}</ref> [[Japanese curry]] can be found in foods such as curry [[udon]], [[curry bread]], and ''[[katsukarē]]'', [[tonkatsu]] served with curry. It's very commonly made with rice beside the curry on the dish called {{nihongo|"curry"|カレー|karē}}. This can be eaten during dinner.

===Wafū burgers (Japanese-style burgers)===
[[Hamburger]] chains active in Japan include [[McDonald's]], [[Burger King]], [[First Kitchen]], [[Lotteria]] and [[MOS Burger]]. Many chains developed uniquely Japanese versions of American fast food such as the [[teriyaki]] burger, [[kinpira]] ([[sauté]]) rice burger, fried shrimp burgers, and green tea [[milkshake]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 29, 2019 |title=They Serve What?! What Global Restaurant Chains Do Differently In Japan |url=https://livejapan.com/en/in-tokyo/in-pref-tokyo/in-shibuya/article-a0002606/ |website=Live Japan |access-date=April 29, 2023 |archive-date=September 30, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930023219/https://livejapan.com/en/in-tokyo/in-pref-tokyo/in-shibuya/article-a0002606/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Italian===
{{main|Itameshi}}
High-class Japanese chefs have preserved many Italian seafood dishes that are forgotten in other countries. These include pasta with [[Shrimp (food)|prawns]], [[Lobster meat|lobster]] (a specialty known in Italy as pasta all'aragosta), [[Crab meat|crab]] (an Italian specialty; in Japan it is served with a different species of crab), and pasta with [[Sea urchin as food|sea urchin]] sauce (sea urchin pasta being a specialty of the [[Apulia|Puglia region]]).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fb6hCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT89|title=The Globalization of Asian Cuisines: Transnational Networks and Culinary Contact Zones|date=2015|isbn=9781137514080|last1=Farrer|first1=James|publisher=Springer|access-date=February 1, 2018|archive-date=September 30, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930014931/https://books.google.com/books?id=Fb6hCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT89#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>