Editing Hebrew calendar (section)

===Leap months===
According to Rabbinic Judaism, {{Bibleverse|Exodus|12:1–2|HE}} requires that the months be determined by a proper court with the necessary authority to sanctify the months. Hence the court, not the astronomy, has the final decision.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The complete ArtScroll Machzor / [1.] Rosh Hashanah.|last=Scherman |first=Nosson |date =2005 |language=he |location=Brooklyn, NY |publisher= Mesorah Publ.|isbn=9780899066790}}</ref> When the observational form of the calendar was in use, whether or not a leap month was added depended on three factors: 'aviv [i.e., the ripeness of barley], fruits of trees, and the equinox. On two of these grounds it should be intercalated, but not on one of them alone.<ref name=ts22/> It may be noted that in the Bible the name of the first month, ''[[Aviv]]'', literally means "spring". Thus, if Adar was over and spring had not yet arrived, an additional month was observed.