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===Biomedical=== Functionalized fullerenes have been researched extensively for several potential biomedical applications including high-performance MRI [[contrast agent]]s, X-ray imaging contrast agents, [[photodynamic therapy]] for tumor treatment,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hu, Zhen |last2=Zhang |first2=Chunhua |last3=Huang |first3=Yudong |last4=Sun |first4=Shaofan |last5=Guan |first5=Wenchao |last6=Yao |first6=Yuhuan |display-authors=3 |year=2012 |title=Photodynamic anticancer activities of water-soluble {{chem|C|60}} derivatives and their biological consequences in a HeLa cell line |journal=Chemico-Biological Interactions |volume=195 |issue=1 |pages=86–94 |doi=10.1016/j.cbi.2011.11.003 |pmid=22108244}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mroz, Pawel |last2=Pawlak |first2=Anna |last3=Satti |first3=Minahil |last4=Lee |first4=Haeryeon |last5=Wharton |first5=Tim |last6=Gali |first6=Hariprasad |last7=Sarna |first7=Tadeusz |last8=Hamblin |first8=Michael R. |display-authors=3 |year=2007 |title=Functionalized fullerenes mediate photodynamic killing of cancer cells: type I versus type II photochemical mechanism |journal=Free Radical Biology & Medicine |volume=43 |issue=5 |pages=711–719 |doi=10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.05.005 |pmc=1995806 |pmid=17664135}}</ref> and drug and gene delivery.<ref name="lalwa2013">{{Cite journal |last1=Lalwani |first1=Gaurav |last2=Sitharaman |first2=Balaji |date=September 2013 |title=Multifunctional Fullerene- and Metallofullerene-Based Nanobiomaterials |url=https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S1793984413420038 |journal=Nano LIFE |language=en |volume=03 |issue=3 |pages=1342003 |doi=10.1142/S1793984413420038 |issn=1793-9844}}</ref><ref name="Pesado-Gómez 2024">{{cite journal | last1=Pesado-Gómez | first1=Casandra | last2=Serrano-García | first2=Juan S. | last3=Amaya-Flórez | first3=Andrés | last4=Pesado-Gómez | first4=Gustavo | last5=Soto-Contreras | first5=Anell | last6=Morales-Morales | first6=David | last7=Colorado-Peralta | first7=Raúl | title=Fullerenes: Historical background, novel biological activities versus possible health risks | journal=Coordination Chemistry Reviews | volume=501 | date=2024 | doi=10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215550 | page=215550}}</ref>
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