Editing Energy storage (section)

=== Homes ===
{{Main|Home energy storage}}

Home energy storage is expected to become increasingly common given the growing importance of distributed generation of renewable energies (especially photovoltaics) and the important share of energy consumption in buildings.<ref name="Silva-Hendrick" /> To exceed a self-sufficiency of 40% in a household equipped with photovoltaics, energy storage is needed.<ref name="Silva-Hendrick" /> Multiple manufacturers produce rechargeable battery systems for storing energy, generally to hold surplus energy from home solar or wind generation. Today, for home energy storage, Li-ion batteries are preferable to lead-acid ones given their similar cost but much better performance.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=de Oliveira e Silva|first1=Guilherme|last2=Hendrick|first2=Patrick|date=June 1, 2017|title=Photovoltaic self-sufficiency of Belgian households using lithium-ion batteries, and its impact on the grid|journal=Applied Energy|volume=195|pages=786–799|doi=10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.03.112|bibcode=2017ApEn..195..786D |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261917303495|url-access=registration}}</ref>

[[Tesla Motors]] produces two models of the [[Tesla Powerwall]]. One is a 10 kWh weekly cycle version for backup applications and the other is a 7 kWh version for daily cycle applications.<ref name="businessinsider">{{cite news |first=Matthew |last=Debord |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/here-comes-teslas-missing-piece-battery-announcement-2015-4 |title=Elon Musk's big announcement: it's called 'Tesla Energy' |work=[[Business Insider]] |date=May 1, 2015 |access-date=June 11, 2015 |archive-date=May 5, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505021205/http://www.businessinsider.com/here-comes-teslas-missing-piece-battery-announcement-2015-4 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2016, a limited version of the Tesla Powerpack 2 cost $398(US)/kWh to store electricity worth 12.5 cents/kWh (US average grid price) making a positive [[Tesla Powerwall#Return on investment calculations|return on investment]] doubtful unless electricity prices are higher than 30 cents/kWh.<ref name="Price-Powerpack-2016">{{cite news|url= https://electrek.co/2016/11/14/tesla-powerpack-2-price/|title= Tesla slashes price of the Powerpack system by another 10% with new generation|date= May 15, 2017|work= Electrek|access-date= November 14, 2016|archive-date= November 14, 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161114235216/https://electrek.co/2016/11/14/tesla-powerpack-2-price/|url-status= live|last1= Lambert|first1= Fred}}</ref>

RoseWater Energy produces two models of the "Energy & Storage System", the HUB 120<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.svconline.com/the-wire/rosewater-energy-group-debut-hub-120-cedia-2017-409670/409670|title=RoseWater Energy Group to Debut HUB 120 at CEDIA 2017|date=August 29, 2017|access-date=June 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605152235/https://www.svconline.com/the-wire/rosewater-energy-group-debut-hub-120-cedia-2017-409670/409670|archive-date=June 5, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> and SB20.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rosewaterenergy.com/products/|title=Rosewater Energy – Products|access-date=June 5, 2019|archive-date=June 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605152514/https://rosewaterenergy.com/products/|url-status=live}}</ref> Both versions provide 28.8 kWh of output, enabling it to run larger houses or light commercial premises, and protecting custom installations. The system provides five key elements into one system, including providing a clean 60&nbsp;Hz Sine wave, zero transfer time, industrial-grade surge protection, renewable energy grid sell-back (optional), and battery backup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.commercialintegrator.com/ci/rosewater_energy_the_cleanest_greenest_60k_power_supply_ever/|title=RoseWater Energy: The Cleanest, Greenest $60K Power Supply Ever|date=October 19, 2015|website=Commercial Integrator|access-date=June 5, 2019|archive-date=June 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605152220/https://www.commercialintegrator.com/ci/rosewater_energy_the_cleanest_greenest_60k_power_supply_ever/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cepro.com/cep/how_rosewaters_giant_home_battery_is_different_from_teslas/|title=How RoseWater's Giant Home Battery is Different from Tesla's|date=October 19, 2015|website=CEPRO|access-date=July 12, 2021|archive-date=July 12, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712003902/https://www.cepro.com/cep/how_rosewaters_giant_home_battery_is_different_from_teslas/|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Enphase Energy]] announced an integrated system that allows home users to store, monitor and manage electricity. The system stores 1.2 kWh of energy and 275W/500W power output.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Enphase plug-and-play solar energy storage system to begin pilot program|url = http://www.gizmag.com/enphase-ac-battery-for-pv-storage/39990|website = gizmag.com|access-date = December 20, 2015|date = October 29, 2015|last = Delacey|first = Lynda|archive-date = December 22, 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151222234650/http://www.gizmag.com/enphase-ac-battery-for-pv-storage/39990/|url-status = live}}</ref>

Storing wind or solar energy using [[thermal energy storage]] though less flexible, is considerably cheaper than batteries. A simple 52-gallon electric water heater can store roughly 12 kWh of energy for supplementing hot water or space heating.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.popsci.com/need-high-power-home-battery-use-your-water-heater|title=Your Water Heater Can Become A High-Power Home Battery|website=popsci.com|date=April 7, 2016 |access-date=May 16, 2017|archive-date=May 5, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170505233536/http://www.popsci.com/need-high-power-home-battery-use-your-water-heater|url-status=live}}</ref>

For purely financial purposes in areas where [[net metering]] is available, home generated electricity may be sold to the grid through a [[grid-tie inverter]] without the use of batteries for storage.