Editing Diesel multiple unit (section)

====Philippines====

The [[Philippine National Railways]] (PNR) was one of the first adopters of diesel multiple unit trains in Asia. Initially built as gasoline-powered railmotors, the locally assembled Manila Railroad RMC class of 1929 was the first to be powered by diesel traction. Some units were also converted to [[streamliner]] units by 1932 for first-class services on the South Main Line between Manila and [[Legazpi, Albay]].<ref name="r39">{{Cite report |title=Report of the General Manager for the Year Ended December 31, 1938 |work=Reports of the General Manager |publisher=Manila Railroad Company |date=17 March 1939}}</ref> Since then, generations of DMUs were used chiefly for short-distance commuter services by the PNR in the island of [[Luzon]].<ref>{{Cite report |title=Motive Power and Rolling Stock |work=Report of Survey of the Manila Railroad Company and the Preliminary Survey of Railroads for Mindanao |publisher=De Leuw, Cather and Company; Manila Railroad Company |url=https://www.filipinaslibrary.org.ph/biblio/106523/ |date=July 1952 |access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Corporate Profile |url=http://www.pnr.gov.ph/about-contact-us/who-we-are/corporate-profile.html |publisher=Philippine National Railways |access-date=10 April 2021 |archive-date=10 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410154620/http://www.pnr.gov.ph/about-contact-us/who-we-are/corporate-profile.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Even without active [[inter-city rail]] services in the present-day, DMUs are still used on the [[PNR Metro Commuter Line]] in [[Metro Manila]] and the Bicol Commuter service in the [[Bicol Region]].<ref name="pea">{{Cite journal|last1=Peadon|first1=Brad|title=April 2020|volume=3|journal=Philippine National Railways Rolling Stock Update|publisher=Philippine Railways Historical Society}}</ref> Three generations of DMUs are in use: second-hand DMUs handed over by [[East Japan Railway Company|JR East]] such as the [[KiHa 35]], [[KiHa 52|52]] and [[KiHa 59 series#Philippine National Railways|59]] series originally built in the 1960s and acquired in the early 2010s,<ref name="jr">{{Cite book |author=寺本光照 |title=国鉄・JR関西圏近郊電車発達史 大阪駅140年の歴史とアーバンネットワークの成立ち |date=2014 |page=73 |publisher=JTBパブリッシング |series=キャンブックス |language=ja |isbn=978-4-533-09794-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://railf.jp/news/2019/12/10/170000.html |title=フィリピン国鉄 KIHA59「KOGANE」が営業運転に復帰 |trans-title=Philippine National Railways KIHA59 "KOGANE" returns to commercial operation |date=10 December 2019 |work=Japan Railfan Magazine Online |publisher=Koyusha Co., Ltd. |location=Japan |language=ja |access-date=10 December 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191210102501/https://railf.jp/news/2019/12/10/170000.html |archive-date=10 December 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> the [[PNR Hyundai Rotem DMU|Rotem DMU]]s of 2009 built by [[South Korea|Korean]] manufacturer [[Hyundai Rotem]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hyundai-rotem.co.kr/Eng/Business/Rail/Business_Record_View.asp?brid=228 |title=Railway Systems-Project Record View |website=hyundai-rotem.co.kr |access-date=2018-12-25 |archive-date=21 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421053328/https://www.hyundai-rotem.co.kr/Eng/Business/Rail/Business_Record_View.asp?brid=228 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the [[PNR 8000 class|8000]] and [[PNR 8100 class|8100 classes]] built by [[Indonesia]]n firm [[Industri Kereta Api|PT INKA]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ph.news.yahoo.com/two-more-pnr-trainsets-arrive-121543715.html |title=Two more PNR trainsets arrive in PH |website=ph.news.yahoo.com|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://manilastandard.net/news/national/312315/pnr-unveils-2-brand-new-diesel-multiple-unit-trains-bought-from-indonesia.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212031126/https://manilastandard.net/news/national/312315/pnr-unveils-2-brand-new-diesel-multiple-unit-trains-bought-from-indonesia.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 December 2023 |title=PNR unveils 2 brand new diesel multiple unit trains bought from Indonesia |website=Manila Standard|access-date=2020-02-03 }}</ref>

From 2022 onwards, the PNR will purchase [[standard-gauge railway|standard gauge]] DMUs for its upcoming inter-city rail network in Luzon and [[Mindanao]]. This is compared to the [[3 ft 6 in gauge railways|3 ft 6 in gauge]] of the rolling stock that is currently in active service. This move should allow access to better technology and increase line speeds.