Editing Classical guitar (section)

====Body====
[[File:Jason Vieaux 2013 Gernot Wagner Guitar.jpg|thumb|A photo of a contemporary "double-top" construction guitar made by Gernot Wagner in 2013 and owned by [[Jason Vieaux]].]]The body of the instrument is a major determinant of the overall sound variety for acoustic guitars. The guitar top, or [[Sound board (music)|soundboard]], is a finely crafted and engineered element often made of [[spruce]] or [[Thuja plicata|red cedar]]. Considered the most prominent factor in determining the sound quality of a guitar, this thin (often 2 or 3&nbsp;mm thick) piece of wood has a uniform thickness and is strengthened by different types of internal bracing. The back is made in [[rosewood]] and [[Brazilian rosewood]] is especially coveted, but [[mahogany]] or other decorative woods are sometimes used.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bucur |first1=Voichita |title=Handbook of Materials for String Musical Instruments |date=2016 |isbn=978-3319320809 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TyvrDAAAQBAJ |page=45 |publisher=Springer |access-date=3 August 2019}}</ref>

The majority of the sound is caused by the vibration of the guitar top as the energy of the vibrating strings is transferred to it. Different patterns of wood bracing have been used through the years by luthiers ([[Antonio Torres Jurado|Torres]], [[Hermann Hauser Sr.|Hauser]], [[José Ramírez (luthier)|Ramírez]], Fleta, and [[C.F. Martin & Company|C.F. Martin]] being among the most influential designers of their times); to not only strengthen the top against collapsing under the tremendous stress exerted by the tensioned strings, but also to affect the resonance of the top. Some contemporary guitar makers have introduced new construction concepts such as "double-top" consisting of two extra-thin wooden plates separated by [[Nomex]], or carbon-fiber reinforced lattice – pattern bracing. The back and sides are made out of a variety of woods such as mahogany, maple, cypress Indian [[rosewood]] and highly regarded Brazilian rosewood (''Dalbergia nigra''). Each one is chosen for its aesthetic effect and structural strength, and such choice can also play a role in determining the instrument's [[timbre]]. These are also strengthened with internal bracing, and decorated with inlays and purfling.
[[Antonio de Torres Jurado]] proved that it was the top, and not the back and sides of the guitar that gave the instrument its sound, in 1862 he built a guitar with back and sides of papier-mâché. (This guitar resides in the Museu de la Musica in Barcelona, and before the year 2000 it was restored to playable condition by the brothers Yagüe, Barcelona). 
The body of a classical guitar is a resonating chamber that projects the vibrations of the body through a ''sound hole'', allowing the acoustic guitar to be heard without amplification. The sound hole is normally a single round hole in the top of the guitar (under the strings), though some have different placement, shapes, or numbers of holes. How much air an instrument can move determines its maximum volume.