Editing Chiapas (section)

===Economic indicators===
Chiapas accounts for 1.73% of Mexico's [[GDP]]. The primary sector, agriculture, produces 15.2% of the state's GDP. The secondary sector, mostly energy production, but also commerce, services and tourism, accounts for 21.8%. The share of the GDP coming from services is rising while that of agriculture is falling.<ref name="acteconom">{{cite web |url=http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_chiapas |title=Actividad Econónica |year=2010 |work=Enciclopedia de Los Municipios y Delegaciones de México Estado de Chiapas |publisher=INAFED Instituto para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal/ SEGOB Secretaría de Gobernación |location=Mexico |language=es |trans-title=Economic Activity |access-date=May 8, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616204839/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_chiapas |archive-date=June 16, 2011}}</ref> The state is divided into nine economic regions. These regions were established in the 1980s in order to facilitate statewide economic planning. Many of these regions are based on state and federal highway systems. These include Centro, Altos, Fronteriza, Frailesca, Norte, Selva, Sierra, Soconusco and Istmo-Costa.<ref name="regionalizacion">{{cite web |url=http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_chiapas |title=Regionalización |year=2010 |work=Enciclopedia de Los Municipios y Delegaciones de México Estado de Chiapas |publisher=INAFED Instituto para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal/ SEGOB Secretaría de Gobernación |location=Mexico |language=es |trans-title=Regions |access-date=May 8, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616204839/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_chiapas |archive-date=June 16, 2011}}</ref>

Despite being rich in resources, Chiapas, along with [[Oaxaca]] and [[Guerrero]], lags behind the rest of the country in almost all socioeconomic indicators.<ref name="adultwomen">{{cite book |last1=Schuster |first1=Monica |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJZqyTdiLIUC&q=chiapas+economy&pg=PA9 |title=The Effects of Adult Women Education – Impact Evaluation of a Program in Chiapas |publisher=Druck and Bindung:Books on Demand GmbH |year=2008 |isbn=978-3-640-23874-3 |location=Norderstedt, Germany |access-date=May 8, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210822071318/https://books.google.com/books?id=gJZqyTdiLIUC&q=chiapas+economy&pg=PA9 |archive-date=August 22, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of|2005}}, there were 889,420 residential units; 71% had running water, 77.3% sewerage, and 93.6% electricity.<ref name="inegiviv"/> Construction of these units varies from modern construction of block and concrete to those constructed of wood and laminate.<ref name="infraes">{{cite web |url=http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_chiapas |title=Infraestructura Social y de Comunicaciones |year=2010 |work=Enciclopedia de Los Municipios y Delegaciones de México Estado de Chiapas |publisher=INAFED Instituto para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal/ SEGOB Secretaría de Gobernación |location=Mexico |language=es |trans-title=Social Infrastructure and Communications |access-date=May 8, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616204839/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_chiapas |archive-date=June 16, 2011}}</ref>

Because of its high rate of economic marginalization, more people migrate from Chiapas than migrate to it. Most of its socioeconomic indicators are the lowest in the country including income, education, health and housing. It has a significantly higher percentage of illiteracy than the rest of the country, although that situation has improved since the 1970s when over 45% were illiterate and 1980s, about 32%. The tropical climate presents health challenges, with most illnesses related to the gastro-intestinal tract and [[parasite]]s.<ref name="pimienta"/> As of 2005, the state has 1,138 medical facilities: 1098 outpatient and 40 inpatient. Most are run by IMSS and ISSSTE and other government agencies.<ref name="infraes"/> The implementation of [[NAFTA]] had negative effects on the economy, particularly by lowering prices for agricultural products. It made the southern states of Mexico poorer in comparison to those in the north, with over 90% of the poorest municipalities in the south of the country.<ref name="adultwomen"/> As of 2006, 31.8% work in communal services, social services and personal services. 18.4% work in financial services, insurance and real estate, 10.7% work in commerce, restaurants and hotels, 9.8% work in construction, 8.9% in utilities, 7.8% in transportation, 3.4% in industry (excluding [[Mexican handcrafts and folk art|handcrafts]]), and 8.4% in agriculture.<ref name="inegiactecon">{{cite web |url=http://cuentame.inegi.org.mx/monografias/informacion/chis/economia/default.aspx?tema=me&e=07 |title=Actividades económicas |publisher=[[INEGI]] |location=Mexico |language=es |trans-title=Economic activities |access-date=May 8, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722165010/http://cuentame.inegi.org.mx/monografias/informacion/chis/economia/default.aspx?tema=me&e=07 |archive-date=July 22, 2011}}</ref>

Although until the 1960s, many indigenous communities were considered by scholars to be autonomous and economically isolated, this was never the case. Economic conditions began forcing many to migrate to work, especially in agriculture for non-indigenous. However, unlike many other migrant workers, most indigenous in Chiapas have remained strongly tied to their home communities.<ref name="kovic"/> A study as early as the 1970s showed that 77 percent of heads of household migrated outside of the [[Chamula]] municipality as local land did not produce sufficiently to support families. In the 1970s, cuts in the price of corn forced many large landowners to convert their fields into pasture for cattle, displacing many hired laborers, cattle required less work. These agricultural laborers began to work for the government on infrastructure projects financed by oil revenue.<ref name="kovic"/> It is estimated that in the 1980s to 1990s as many as 100,000 indigenous people moved from the mountain areas into cities in Chiapas, with some moving out of the state to [[Mexico City]], [[Cancún]] and [[Villahermosa]] in search of employment.<ref name="kovic"/>