Editing Calf (animal) (section)

== Mother-calf bond ==
[[File:Jersey_cow_and_her_calf.jpg|thumb|Jersey cow with calf.]]
The relationship between the mother and her calf is established within hours of calving, and its quality is crucial for the calf's survival. Shortly before giving birth, the cow tends to isolate herself, which prevents other herd members from interfering with her interaction with the calf. Maternal behavior during parturition is influenced by [[oxytocin]] levels. This hormone facilitates the recognition and memory of the calf. First-time mothers (primiparous cows) are less experienced and produce lower amounts of oxytocin, which can impact their maternal behavior. Immediately after calving, the cow is strongly attracted to the [[amniotic fluid]] and quickly approaches her calf. She carefully licks it until it is dry.<ref name=":13">{{Harvsp|Dudouet|2004}}</ref>
[[File:Bezerro_mamando_REFON.jpg|left|thumb|Calf suckling its mother.]]
The calf must then nurse from its mother. The milk produced by the cow in the days following calving is called [[colostrum]]. Colostrum is exceptionally rich in [[vitamin]]s and, most importantly, [[Antibody|immunoglobulins]], which provide the calf with its first [[Immunity (medicine)|immunity]]. The colostrum must be ingested as quickly as possible after birth. Over time, the cow's milk secretion becomes less concentrated in immunoglobulins, and the calf's intestinal wall becomes less permeable to these antibodies. This is why it is recommended that colostrum be consumed within 12 hours of calving.<ref name=":13" />