Editing Afroasiatic languages (section)

===="Prefix conjugation"====
Conjugation of verbs using prefixes that mark person, number, and gender can be found
in Semitic, Berber, and in Cushitic,{{sfn|Meyer|Wolff|2019|p=268}}{{sfn|Gragg|2019|p=34}} where it is only found on a small set of frequent verbs.{{sfn|Mous|2012|p=391}} These prefixes are clearly cognate across the branches, although their use within the verbal systems of the individual languages varies.{{sfn|Gragg|2019|p=34}} There is a general pattern in which n- is used for the first person plural, whereas t- is used for all forms of the second person regardless of plurality or gender, as well as feminine singular.{{sfn|Güldemann|2018|p=315}} Prefixes of ʔ- ([[glottal stop]]) for the first person singular and y- for the third person masculine can also be reconstructed.{{sfn|Huehnergard|2004|p=140-141}} As there is no evidence for the "prefix conjugation" in Omotic, Chadic, or Egyptian, it is unclear whether this was a Proto-Afroasiatic feature that has been lost in those branches or is a shared innovation among Semitic, Berber, and Cushitic.{{sfn|Gragg|2019|p=36}}{{sfn|Güldemann|2018|p=315}}{{efn|Traditionally, the Hausa subject pronouns have been compared to the prefix conjugation. However, since the 1970s and '80s, comparisons of other Chadic subject pronouns with the Hausa ones have convinced most scholars that the similarity to the prefix conjugation is incidental.{{sfn|Peust|2012|pp=238–239}}}}

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:smaller;"
|+ The "prefix conjugation" in Afroasiatic, following {{harvnb|Gragg|2019}}
|-
! rowspan="2"| Number !!rowspan="2"|  Person !! rowspan="2"| Gender !! colspan="2" | Akkadian (Semitic) !! colspan="2" | Berber !! colspan="3" | Beja (Cushitic)
|-
| Preterite || Present || Aorist || Imperfective || "Old Past" || "Old Present" || "New Present"
|-
| rowspan="5" | Singular || colspan="2" | 1  || a-prus || a-parras || ăknəf-ăʕ || əkănnăf-ăʕ || ʔ-i:-dbíl || ʔ-a-dbíl || ʔ-a-danbí:l
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2 || m || ta-prus || ta-parras || rowspan="2" | t-ăknəf-ət || rowspan="2" | t-əkănnăf-ət || t-i:-dbíl-a || t-i-dbíl-a || danbí:l-a
|-
| f || ta-prus-i: || ta-parras-i || t-i:-dbíl-i || t-i-dbíl-i || danbí:l-i
|-
|rowspan="2"| 3 || m || i-prus || i-parras || y-ăknəf || y-əkănnăf || ʔ-i:-dbíl || ʔ-i-dbíl || rowspan="2" | danbí:l
|-
| f || ta-prus || ta-parras || t-ăknəf || t-əkănnăf || t-i:-dbíl || t-i-dbíl
|-
| rowspan="5" |  Plural || colspan="2" | 1  || ni-prus || ni-parras || n-ăknəf || n-əkănnăf || n-i:-dbíl || n-i-dbíl || n-e:-dbíl
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2 || m || rowspan="2" | ta-prus-a: || a-parras || t-ăknəf-ăm || t-əkănnăf-ăm || rowspan="2" | t-i:-dbíl-na || rowspan="2" | t-i-dbíl-na || rowspan="2" | t-e:-dbíl-na
|-
| f || ta-parras || t-ăknəf-măt || t-əkănnăf-măt
|-
| rowspan="2" | 3 || m || i-prus-u: || ta-parras-i: || ăknəf-ăn || əkănnăf-ăn || rowspan="2" | ʔ-i:-dbíl || rowspan="2" | ʔ-i-dbíl || rowspan="2" | ʔ-e:-dbíl-na
|-
| f || i-prus-a: || i-parras || ăknəf-năt || əkănnăf-năt
|-
|}