Editing Separation of church and state (section)

===Spain===
{{Further|Catholic Church and the Spanish Civil War|Catholic Church in Spain}}
In Spain, commentators have posited that the form of church-state separation enacted in France in 1905 and found in the [[Spanish Constitution of 1931]] are of a "hostile" variety, noting that the hostility of the state toward the church was a cause of the breakdown of democracy and the onset of the [[Spanish Civil War]].<ref name="Arguing Comparative Politics">Stepan, Alfred, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=nR2tF4k1PXUC Arguing Comparative Politics] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914183055/https://books.google.com/books?id=nR2tF4k1PXUC&dq |date=September 14, 2016 }}'', p. 221, Oxford University Press</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://libro.uca.edu/payne2/payne25.htm|title=Chapter 25: A History of Spain and Portugal, vol. 2|website=libro.uca.edu|access-date=2022-05-11|archive-date=2022-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319201254/https://libro.uca.edu/payne2/payne25.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Following the end of the war, the Catholic Church regained an officially sanctioned, predominant position with [[Francoist Spain|General Franco]]. Religious freedom was guaranteed only [[1966 Spanish organic law referendum|in 1966]], nine years before the end of the regime.

Since 1978, according to the [[Spanish Constitution]] (section 16.3) "No religion shall have a state character. The public authorities shall take into account the religious beliefs of Spanish society and shall consequently maintain appropriate cooperation relations with the Catholic Church and other confessions."