Editing Martial law (section)

===Ukraine===
{{Main|Martial law in Ukraine}}
[[File:Martial Law in Ukraine (2018).svg|thumb|right|2018 martial law in parts of Ukraine]]
The restrictions from martial law were defined in a 2015 law "On the Legal Regime of Martial Law". The [[President of Ukraine|President]] decides on the declaration of martial law and then [[Verkhovna Rada]] must approve it.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.kyivpost.com/ukraine-politics/what-martial-law-in-ukraine-could-mean-for-nation.html|title=What martial law in Ukraine could mean for nation|newspaper=Kyiv Post|author=Matthew Kupfer|date=26 November 2018|access-date=26 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://iportal.rada.gov.ua/en/news/News/108880.html|title=Verkhovna Rada adopts Law 'On legal regime of martial law'|publisher=Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine|date=12 May 2015|access-date=26 November 2018}}</ref>

Martial law was first declared in Ukraine in 2018 and as a response to Russian hostilities.<ref name="americanbar">{{Cite web |url=https://www.americanbar.org/groups/labor_law/publications/labor_employment_law_news/spring-2022/martial-law-in-ukraine/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=www.americanbar.org |title=Martial Law in Ukraine |last1=Pavlynska |first1=Alesya}}</ref> On 26 November 2018, lawmakers in the Verkhovna Rada overwhelmingly backed President [[Petro Poroshenko]]'s imposition of martial law along Ukraine's coastal regions and those bordering the [[Russia|Russian Federation]] and [[Transnistria]], an unrecognized breakaway state of [[Moldova]] which has [[Russian military presence in Transnistria|Russian troops stationed in its territory]], in response to the [[2018 Kerch Strait incident|firing upon and seizure]] of Ukrainian naval ships by Russia near the [[Crimea|Crimean Peninsula]] a day earlier. A total of 276 lawmakers in [[Kyiv]] backed the measure, which took effect on 28 November 2018 and automatically expired in 30 days.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/russia-ukraine-live-latest-update-martial-law-black-sea-ships-navy-crisis-a8651736.html|title=Kiev declares martial law after Russian seizure of Ukrainian ships in Black Sea|work=The Independent|access-date=2018-11-26|language=en-GB}}</ref>

This period of martial law was both intended to be, and ultimately was, limited in scope.<ref name="americanbar" /> Then-president Poroshenko proposed a 60-day martial law period, but ultimately a 30-day period of martial law was signed into effect.<ref name="americanbar" /> This period of martial law came to an end at its scheduled 30-day mark.<ref name="americanbar" /> This declaration was limited to specific areas of Ukraine, including territories along the Russia-Ukraine border, the Moldova-Ukraine border, the coasts of the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov, and the Azov – Kerch international waters.<ref name="americanbar" />

On 24 February 2022, President [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy|Volodymyr Zelensky]] declared martial law in response to the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russian invasion of Ukraine]].<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Lock|first1=Samantha|last2=Singh|first2=Maanvi|last3=Oladipo|first3=Gloria|last4=Michael|first4=Chris|last5=Jones|first5=Sam|last6=Harding|first6=Luke|last7=Beaumont|first7=Peter|date=2022-02-24|title=Russia-Ukraine crisis live news: Putin has launched 'full-scale invasion', says Ukrainian foreign minister – latest updates|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/feb/23/ukraine-russia-news-crisis-latest-live-updates-putin-biden-europe-sanctions-russian-invasion-border-troops|access-date=2022-02-24|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Then, on 15 March, the Parliament of Ukraine adopted the Law of Ukraine "On Organizing Labor Relations under Martial Law" which came into effect on March 24, 2022, and "clarified relevant restrictions of the constitutional right and freedoms and set out special rules applicable to labor relations to replace the 'normal' rules of the Labour Code of Ukraine."<ref name="americanbar" /> Article 4(7) of the Law of Ukraine holds that the "General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine shall direct, coordinate and control the activities of regional military administrations on defense, public safety, and order, and implement measures of martial law. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine shall direct, coordinate and control the regional military administrations regarding other issues."<ref name="americanbar" />

{{As of|2023|November|bare=}}, there have been ten extensions to the Ukrainian declaration of martial law.<ref name="rferl">{{Cite news |last=Service |first=RFE/RL's Ukrainian |title=Ukraine's Parliament Extends Martial Law, Military Mobilization By 90 Days |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-parliament-extends-martial-law-mobilization/32807978.html |access-date=2024-02-29 |work=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty |language=en}}</ref> This has led to the [[Next Ukrainian parliamentary election|2023 legislative]] and [[Next Ukrainian presidential election|2024 presidential elections]] being delayed, due to elections not being allowed to be held in times of martial law.<ref name="rferl"/>