Editing History of Italy (section)

===Years of Lead===
{{Main|Years of lead (Italy)}}
[[File:Stragedibologna-2.jpg|thumb|right|[[Bologna massacre|Attack]] of the far-right terrorist group [[Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari|NAR]] at the [[Bologna]] railway station on 2 August 1980, which caused the death of 85 people]]

During the 1970s, Italy saw an unexpected escalation of political violence. From 1969 to 1980, repeated neofascist outrages were launched such as the [[Piazza Fontana bombing]] in 1969. Red Brigades and many other groups decided on armed attacks as a revolutionary strategy. They carried out urban riots, as in Rome and Bologna in 1977. Known as the [[History of Italy (1970s-1980s)|Years of Lead]], this period was characterised by widespread social conflicts and terrorist acts carried out by extra-parliamentary movements. The assassination of the leader of the [[Christian Democracy (Italy)|Christian Democracy]] (DC), [[Aldo Moro]], led to the end of a "[[historic compromise]]" between the DC and the [[Italian Communist Party|Communist Party]] (PCI). In the 1980s, for the first time, two governments were managed by a Republican ([[Giovanni Spadolini]] 1981–82) and a Socialist ([[Bettino Craxi]] 1983–87) rather than by a Christian Democrat.<ref>Alessandra Diazzi and Alvise Sforza Tarabochia, ''The Years of Alienation in Italy: Factory and Asylum Between the Economic Miracle and the Years of Lead'' (2019), pp 1-40.</ref><ref>Richard Drake, "Italy in the 1960s: A Legacy of Terrorism and Liberation." ''South Central Review'' 16 (1999): 62-76. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3190077 online]</ref>

At the end of the Lead years, the PCI gradually increased their votes thanks to [[Enrico Berlinguer]]. The [[Italian Socialist Party|Socialist Party]] (PSI), led by [[Bettino Craxi]], became more and more critical of the Communists and of the [[Soviet Union]]; Craxi himself pushed in favour of US President [[Ronald Reagan]]'s positioning of [[Pershing II]] missiles in Italy.