Editing Frederick Douglass (section)

==Legacy and honors==
{{Further|African American founding fathers of the United States|List of things named after Frederick Douglass}}

[[File:FREDERICK DOUGLASS - STATESMAN, ABOLITIONIST, CHAMPION OF THE PEOPLE - NARA - 535673.jpg|thumb|A poster from the [[Office of War Information]], Domestic Operations Branch, News Bureau, 1943]]
[[File:Frederick Douglass, US Postage, 25c.jpg|thumb|A 1965 [[U.S. postage stamp]], published during the upsurge of the [[civil rights movement]]]]
Biographer [[David Blight]] states that Douglass "played a pivotal role in America's Second Founding out of the apocalypse of the Civil War, and he very much wished to see himself as a founder and a defender of the Second American Republic."<ref>David W. Blight, ''Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom'' (Simon and Schuster, 2018) p. xv.</ref>

Roy Finkenbine argues:<ref>Finkenbine, Roy E. 2000. "[http://www.anb.org/articles/15/15-00186.html Douglass, Frederick] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20161224044829/http://www.anb.org/articles/15/15-00186.html |date=December 24, 2016 }}." ''[[American National Biography]]''. Retrieved on March 16, 2016.</ref>

<blockquote>The most influential African American of the nineteenth century, Douglass made a career of agitating the American conscience. He spoke and wrote on behalf of a variety of reform causes: women's rights, temperance, peace, land reform, free public education, and the abolition of capital punishment. But he devoted the bulk of his time, immense talent, and boundless energy to ending slavery and gaining equal rights for African Americans. These were the central concerns of his long reform career. Douglass understood that the struggle for emancipation and equality demanded forceful, persistent, and unyielding agitation. And he recognized that African Americans must play a conspicuous role in that struggle. Less than a month before his death, when a young black man solicited his advice to an African American just starting out in the world, Douglass replied without hesitation: ″Agitate! Agitate! Agitate!″</blockquote>

[[Episcopal Church (United States)|The Episcopal Church]] remembers Douglass with a [[Lesser Feasts and Fasts|Lesser Feast]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018 |url=https://extranet.generalconvention.org/staff/files/download/21034 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125225221/https://extranet.generalconvention.org/staff/files/download/21034 |archive-date=January 25, 2021 |access-date=May 7, 2021 |publisher=General Convention of the Episcopal Church}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Frederick Douglass |url=http://satucket.com/lectionary/frederick_douglass.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220183747/http://satucket.com/lectionary/frederick_douglass.htm |archive-date=February 20, 2021 |access-date=May 7, 2021 |website=satucket.com}}</ref> annually on its [[Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church)|liturgical calendar]] for February 20,<ref>{{cite web |title=Holy Women, Holy Men: Celebrating the Saints |url=https://diobeth.typepad.com/files/holy-women-holy-men.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410153415/https://diobeth.typepad.com/files/holy-women-holy-men.pdf |archive-date=April 10, 2021 |access-date=April 10, 2021}}</ref> the anniversary of his death. Many public schools have also been named in his honor. Douglass still has living descendants today, such as Ken Morris, who is also a descendant of [[Booker T. Washington]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Axelrod |first=Jim |author-link=Jim Axelrod |date=June 19, 2013 |title=Family of abolitionist Frederick Douglass continues his legacy |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/family-of-abolitionist-frederick-douglass-continues-his-legacy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170527073343/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/family-of-abolitionist-frederick-douglass-continues-his-legacy/ |archive-date=May 27, 2017 |access-date=May 23, 2017 |website=CBS News}}</ref> Other honors and remembrances include:
* In 1871, a bust of Douglass was unveiled at [[Sibley Hall]], [[University of Rochester]].<ref>{{Cite news |author=((Letter reprinted in ''[[The New York Times]]'', July 2, 1879)) |date=June 28, 1879 |title=Frederick Douglass |page=2 |work=[[Democrat and Chronicle]] |location=[[Rochester, New York]] |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80712545/bust-of-frederick-douglass/ |url-status=live |access-date=July 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183335/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80712545/bust-of-frederick-douglass/ |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |via=[[newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* In 1895, the first hospital for black people in Philadelphia, PA, was named the Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital. Black medical professionals, excluded from other facilities, were trained and employed there. In 1948, it merged to form Mercy-Douglass Hospital.<ref>[https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=82576 Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital historical marker] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924012142/https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=82576 |date=September 24, 2021 }} erected by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission in 1992.</ref>
* In 1899, a [[statue of Frederick Douglass (Rochester, New York)|statue of Frederick Douglass]] was unveiled in [[Rochester, New York]], making Douglass the first African-American to be so memorialized in the country.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Visualising Slavery: Art Across the African Diaspora |date=2016 |publisher=Liverpool University Press |isbn=978-1-78138-429-9 |editor-last=Bernier |editor-first=Celeste-Marie |location=Liverpool |page=132 |editor-last2=Durkin |editor-first2=Hannah}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Miller |first1=Ryan |last2=Craig |first2=Gary |date=July 5, 2020 |title=Frederick Douglass statue vandalized on anniversary of his famous Fourth of July Rochester speech |url=https://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/2020/07/05/frederick-douglass-statue-rochester-ny-removed-defaced-anniversary-july-4th-speech/5380432002/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221122602/https://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/2020/07/05/frederick-douglass-statue-rochester-ny-removed-defaced-anniversary-july-4th-speech/5380432002/ |archive-date=December 21, 2020 |access-date=July 6, 2020 |website=[[Democrat and Chronicle]]}}</ref>
* In 1921, members of the [[Alpha Phi Alpha]] fraternity (the first African-American intercollegiate fraternity) designated Frederick Douglass as an honorary member. Douglass thus became the only man to receive an honorary membership posthumously.<ref>{{cite web |title=Prominent Alpha Men |url=http://www.albany.edu/~aphia/newsite/famousas.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014054223/http://albany.edu/~aphia/newsite/famousas.html |archive-date=October 14, 2007 |access-date=May 6, 2007}}</ref>
* The [[Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge]], sometimes referred to as the South Capitol Street Bridge, just south of the [[US Capitol]] in Washington, D.C., was built in 1950 and named in his honor.
* In 1962, his home in [[Anacostia]] (Washington, D.C.) became part of the National Park System<ref>{{Cite news |date=September 6, 1962 |title=Frederick Douglass Bill is Approved by President: Bill making F Douglass home, Washington, D.C., part of natl pk system signed |work=The New York Times}}</ref> and in 1988 was designated the [[Frederick Douglass National Historic Site]].
* In 1965, the [[United States Postal Service]] honored Douglass with a stamp in the [[Prominent Americans series]].
* In 1999, [[Yale University]] established the [[Frederick Douglass Book Prize]] for works in the history of slavery and abolition, in his honor. The annual $25,000 prize is administered by the Gilder Lehrman Institute for American History and the [[Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance, and Abolition]] at Yale.
* In 2002, scholar [[Molefi Kete Asante]] named Frederick Douglass to his list of ''[[100 Greatest African Americans]]''.<ref>[[Molefi Kete Asante|Asante, Molefi Kete]] (2002). ''100 Greatest African Americans: A Biographical Encyclopedia''. Amherst, NY. Prometheus Books. {{ISBN|1-57392-963-8}}.</ref>
* In 2003, [[Douglass Place]], the rental housing units that Douglass built in Baltimore in 1892 for blacks, was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].
* In 2005, Douglass was inducted into the [[National Abolition Hall of Fame]], in [[Peterboro, New York]].
* In 2007, the former Troup–Howell Bridge, which carried Interstate 490 over the [[Genesee River]] in Rochester, was redesigned and renamed the [[Frederick Douglass&nbsp;– Susan B. Anthony Memorial Bridge]].
* In 2010, the [[Frederick Douglass Memorial]] was unveiled at [[Frederick Douglass Circle]] at the northwest corner of [[Central Park]] in New York City.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clines |first=Francis X. |author-link=Francis X. Clines |date=November 3, 2006 |title=Summoning Frederick Douglass |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/03/opinion/03fri4.html |url-status=live |access-date=February 21, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009133655/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/03/opinion/03fri4.html |archive-date=October 9, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Dominus |first=Susan |date=May 21, 2010 |title=A Slow Tribute That Might Try the Subject's Patience |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/22/nyregion/22bigcity.html |url-status=live |access-date=July 12, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527233552/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/22/nyregion/22bigcity.html |archive-date=May 27, 2010}}</ref>
* In 2010, the [[New York Writers Hall of Fame]] inducted Douglass in its inaugural class.
* On June 12, 2011, Talbot County, Maryland, installed a seven-foot (2-meter) bronze statue of Douglass on the lawn of the county courthouse in [[Easton, Maryland]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Holt |first=Dustin |date=June 12, 2011 |title=Douglass statue arrives in Easton |work=[[The Star Democrat]] |url=http://www.stardem.com/news/local_news/article_9e0593e4-7451-5169-ad2d-19dd35652672.html |url-status=live |access-date=July 12, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617043016/http://www.stardem.com/news/local_news/article_9e0593e4-7451-5169-ad2d-19dd35652672.html |archive-date=June 17, 2011}}</ref>
* On June 19, 2013, a [[Frederick Douglass (Weitzman)|statue of Douglass]] by Maryland artist [[Steven Weitzman (sculptor)|Steven Weitzman]] was unveiled<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/frederick-douglass-statue-unveiled-in-the-capitol/2013/06/19/6542c926-d914-11e2-a9f2-42ee3912ae0e_gallery.html "Frederick Douglass statue unveiled in the Capitol"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209002703/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/frederick-douglass-statue-unveiled-in-the-capitol/2013/06/19/6542c926-d914-11e2-a9f2-42ee3912ae0e_gallery.html|date=February 9, 2018}}, June 19, 2013.</ref> in the [[United States Capitol Visitor Center]] as part of the [[National Statuary Hall Collection]], the first statue representing the [[Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Frederick Douglass – Architect of the Capitol – United States Capitol |url=http://www.aoc.gov/capitol-hill/other-statues/frederick-douglass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221122608/https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/frederick-douglass |archive-date=December 21, 2020 |access-date=March 17, 2015 |website=Aoc.gov}}</ref>
* On September 15, 2014, under the leadership of Governor [[Martin O'Malley]] a portrait of Frederick Douglass was unveiled at his official residence in [[Annapolis, MD]]. This painting, by artist [[Simmie Knox]], is the first African-American portrait to grace the walls of Government House. Commissioned by [[Eddie C. Brown]], founder of Brown Capital Management, LLC,<ref>{{cite web |title=Brown Capital Management Founder and Wife Help Make Maryland History – Brown Capital |url=http://browncapital.com/citizenship/brown-capital-management-founder-and-wife-help-make-maryland-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703014006/http://browncapital.com/citizenship/brown-capital-management-founder-and-wife-help-make-maryland-history |archive-date=July 3, 2015 |access-date=March 17, 2015 |website=Browncapital.com}}</ref> the painting was presented at a reception by the Governor.
* On January 7, 2015, in honor of Governor [[Martin O'Malley]]'s last Board of Public Works meeting, a portrait of Frederick Douglass was presented to him by [[Peter Franchot]].<ref>{{cite web |title=State of Maryland Board of Public Works: Governor's Reception Room, Second Floor, State House, Annapolis MD |url=http://bpw.maryland.gov/MeetingDocs/2015-Jan-7-Transcript.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227162840/http://bpw.maryland.gov/MeetingDocs/2015-Jan-7-Transcript.pdf |archive-date=December 27, 2015 |access-date=March 15, 2019 |website=Bpw.maryland.gov}}</ref> Two editions of this artwork, by artist [[Benjamin Jancewicz]], were purchased from Galerie Myrtis by Peter Franchot and his wife Ann both as a gift for the Governor as well as to add to their own collection. The Governor's edition now hangs in his office.<ref>{{cite web |title=Peter Franchot – Timeline Photos – Facebook |url=https://www.facebook.com/peterfranchot/photos/a.193567594080634.34236.190343811069679/635526766551379/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413101556/https://www.facebook.com/peterfranchot/photos/a.193567594080634.34236.190343811069679/635526766551379/ |archive-date=April 13, 2016 |access-date=March 17, 2015 |website=Facebook.com}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=March 2020}}
* In November 2015, the [[University of Maryland]] dedicated Frederick Douglass Plaza, an outdoor space where visitors can read quotes and see a bronze [[Frederick Douglass (Edwards)|statue of Douglass]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Brown |first=Crystal |date=November 18, 2015 |title=University of Maryland Dedicates Frederick Douglass Square to Honor Maryland's Native Son |url=https://www.umdrightnow.umd.edu/news/university-maryland-dedicates-frederick-douglass-square-honor-marylands-native-son |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313214402/https://www.umdrightnow.umd.edu/news/university-maryland-dedicates-frederick-douglass-square-honor-marylands-native-son |archive-date=March 13, 2018 |access-date=March 13, 2018 |website=UMD Right Now |publisher=University of Maryland}}</ref>
* On October 18, 2016, the [[Council of the District of Columbia]] voted that the city's new name as a State is to be "Washington, D.C.", and that "D.C." is to stand for "Douglass Commonwealth."<ref>Tom Sherwood (2016), "Washington, Douglass Commonwealth, as 51st State?" ''NBC Washington'', 06:28&nbsp;pm EDT, October 18, 2016.</ref>
* On April 3, 2017, the [[United States Mint]] began issuing [[quarter (United States coin)|quarters]] with an image of Frederick Douglass on the [[Obverse and reverse|reverse]], with the [[Frederick Douglass National Historic Site]] in the background. The coin is part of the [[America the Beautiful Quarters]] series.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Weil |first=Martin |date=April 5, 2017 |title=Quarter Issued Honoring Frederick Douglass Site |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/quarter-issued-honoring-frederick-douglass-site/2017/04/05/866bb3dc-19bc-11e7-9887-1a5314b56a08_story.html |url-status=live |access-date=April 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219170235/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/quarter-issued-honoring-frederick-douglass-site/2017/04/05/866bb3dc-19bc-11e7-9887-1a5314b56a08_story.html |archive-date=December 19, 2018}}</ref>
* On May 20, 2018, Douglass was awarded an honorary law degree from the [[University of Rochester]]. The degree, which was accepted by Douglass's great-great-great-grandson, was the first posthumous honorary degree that the university had granted.<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 19, 2018 |title=NY College Giving Honorary Degree to Frederick Douglass |work=The New York Times |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2018/05/19/us/ap-us-frederick-douglass-honorary-degree.html |url-status=live |access-date=May 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523011436/https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2018/05/19/us/ap-us-frederick-douglass-honorary-degree.html |archive-date=May 23, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Fisher |first=Janon |date=May 19, 2018 |title=Frederick Douglass to receive honorary degree from University of Rochester |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/frederick-douglass-honorary-degree-upstate-college-article-1.3999101 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523011452/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/frederick-douglass-honorary-degree-upstate-college-article-1.3999101 |archive-date=May 23, 2018 |access-date=May 23, 2018 |website=Daily News |location=New York}}</ref>
* Douglass gave his last public lecture on February 1, 1895, at [[West Chester University]], 19 days before his death. Today, there is a statue of him on the university campus commemorating this event. The [[Frederick Douglass Institute]] has a West Chester University program for advancing multicultural studies across the curriculum and for deepening the intellectual heritage of Douglass.<ref>{{cite web |title=About the Frederick Douglass Institute |url=http://www.wcupa.edu/_ACADEMICS/Fdouglass/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002142735/http://www.wcupa.edu/_ACADEMICS/Fdouglass/ |archive-date=October 2, 2013 |access-date=September 30, 2013 |publisher=Frederick Douglass Institute}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Frederick Douglass – West Chester University |url=https://www.wcupa.edu/_academics/Fdouglass/FrederickDouglass.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130105105/https://www.wcupa.edu/_academics/Fdouglass/FrederickDouglass.aspx |archive-date=January 30, 2020 |access-date=February 6, 2020 |website=wcupa.edu}}</ref>
* In New York State there is the "Let's Have Tea" sculpture of Douglass and [[Susan B. Anthony]].<ref>{{Cite web |author=AaronNetsky |title=1872 Monument: Rochester, New York: A bronze ballot box stands at the spot where Susan B. Anthony voted illegally |url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/1872-monument |url-status=live |website=[[Atlas Obscura]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517025604/https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/1872-monument |archive-date=May 17, 2019 |access-date=May 17, 2019}}</ref>
* On September 30, 2019, [[Newcastle University]] opened the 'Frederick Douglass Centre', a key teaching component for their School of Computing and Business School. Frederick Douglass stayed in [[Newcastle upon Tyne]] in 1846 on a street adjacent to the new university campus.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Frederick Douglass Centre {{!}} Our Vision |url=http://newcastlehelix.com/about/frederick-douglass-centre |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930154921/https://newcastlehelix.com/about/frederick-douglass-centre |archive-date=September 30, 2019 |access-date=September 30, 2019 |website=Newcastle Helix}}</ref>
* A statue of Douglass located in Rochester, New York's [[Maplewood Park]] was vandalized and torn down over the weekend of July 4, 2020.<ref>{{cite news |date=July 5, 2020 |title=Frederick Douglass Statue Torn Down and Vandalized in Rochester, N.Y. |url=https://time.com/5863108/frederick-douglass-statue-torn-down/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706205355/https://time.com/5863108/frederick-douglass-statue-torn-down/ |archive-date=July 6, 2020 |access-date=July 5, 2020 |publisher=Time}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Frederick Douglass statue vandalized in Rochester park |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/frederick-douglass-statue-vandalized-rochester-park-71622966 |url-status=live |access-date=July 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706080327/https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/frederick-douglass-statue-vandalized-rochester-park-71622966 |archive-date=July 6, 2020}}</ref>
* In 2020, Douglas Park in Chicago, which was named for U.S. Senator [[Stephen A. Douglas]], was renamed [[Douglass Park]], in honor of Frederick and Anna Douglass. In the 1850s the senator had promoted "[[Popular sovereignty#1850s|popular sovereignty]]" as a middle position on the slavery issue and made "blatant assertions of white superiority."<ref>[[Michael Burlingame (historian)|Burlingame, Michael]], ''Abraham Lincoln: A Life'', vol. 1, p. 526, Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008; [https://www.knox.edu/documents/LincolnStudies/BurlingameVol1Chap13.pdf Unedited manuscript, p. 1446.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901131239/https://www.knox.edu/documents/LincolnStudies/BurlingameVol1Chap13.pdf |date=September 1, 2021 }}</ref> The name change was the result of a multi-year student-led campaign to rename the park.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Greene |first=Morgan |date=November 19, 2020 |title=After Years of Student Activism, Park District Officially Makes Name Change to Douglass Park |work=Chicago Tribune |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/breaking/ct-douglass-park-chicago-renaming-20201118-lrt2n6h5i5gi7mmc7e4bd42g4a-story.html |url-status=live |access-date=November 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201118224105/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/breaking/ct-douglass-park-chicago-renaming-20201118-lrt2n6h5i5gi7mmc7e4bd42g4a-story.html |archive-date=November 18, 2020}}</ref>
* A plaque on Gilmore Place in [[Edinburgh]], Scotland marks his stay there in 1846. In 2020 a mural of his image was added nearby.
* On June 19, 2021, on Boston Street in the Canton neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, two panels were unveiled at the spot where, as it had shortly before been discovered, Douglass had boarded the train that took him to his freedom from enslavement.<ref name="foxbaltimore.com" /><ref name="ReferenceA" /><ref name="baltimore.cbslocal.com" />
* On August 18, 2021, the Frederick Douglass Park in [[Lynn, Massachusetts]] was dedicated, directly across the street from the site of the [[Lynn station|Central Square railroad depot]] where Douglass was forcibly removed from the train in 1841. The park features a bronze [[Relief|bas-relief]] sculpture of Douglass.<ref name="Douglass_Park_Lynn">{{Cite news |last=Kuzub |first=Alena |date=August 18, 2021 |title=Frederick Douglass Park Dedicated |work=Lynn Daily Item |url=https://www.itemlive.com/2021/08/18/frederick-douglass-park-dedicated-in-lynn/ |url-status=live |access-date=August 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820225642/https://www.itemlive.com/2021/08/18/frederick-douglass-park-dedicated-in-lynn/ |archive-date=August 20, 2021}}</ref>
* In 2020, the [[Greater Rochester International Airport]] was renamed the Frederick Douglass Greater Rochester International Airport.
* On January 18, 2023, Governor [[Wes Moore]] was sworn in as [[governor of Maryland]] on a Bible owned by Douglass.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Heim |first1=Joe |title=Wes Moore to be sworn in as Md. governor on Frederick Douglass's Bible |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2023/01/14/maryland-governor-moore-frederick-douglass/ |access-date=February 20, 2023 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=January 14, 2023}}</ref>
* In October 2023, it was announced that a plaque commemorating one of Douglass's visits to Liverpool would be placed outside the [[Everyman Theatre, Liverpool|Everyman Theatre]] on [[Hope Street, Liverpool|Hope Street]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Graham |first1=Patrick |title=Anti-slavery campaigner 'an inspiration for all communities' |url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/anti-slavery-campaigner-an-inspiration-27979041 |access-date=October 26, 2023 |work=Liverpool Echo |date=October 25, 2023 |language=en}}</ref> The theater was built on the original site of Hope Hall, a chapel where Douglass spoke on January 19, 1860.