Editing Economy of Pakistan (section)

=== Services ===
Pakistan's [[service sector]] contributes approximately 61.7% to the GDP.<ref name=":0" /> Within this sector, transport, [[Warehouse|storage]], [[Telecommunications|communications]], [[Financial services|finance]], and insurance comprise 24%, while wholesale and retail trade constitute about 30%. Pakistan is actively promoting the growth of the [[information industry]] and other [[Quaternary sector of industry|modern service industries]] by offering incentives such as long-term [[Tax competition|tax holidays]].

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''% growth<ref name=":7" />'''
! List
! FY 2008
! FY 2009
! FY 2010
! FY 2011
! FY 2012
! FY 2013
! FY 2014
! FY 2015
! FY 2016
! FY 2017
! FY 2018 
! FY 2019
! FY 2020
! FY 2021
!FY 2022
|-
|[[Service sector]]
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 4.72
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 1.84
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 2.63
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 2.86
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 3.48
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 5.13
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 3.82
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 4.20
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 5.03
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 5.62
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 5.95
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 5.00
| style="text-align:center" |{{decrease}} -1.21
| style="text-align:center" |{{increase}} 5.91
|{{increase}}6.59
|}

==== Telecommunications ====
{{Main|Telecommunications in Pakistan}}
[[File:PTCL phone shop.jpg|thumb|[[Pakistan Telecommunication Company Ltd|PTCL]]'s One Stop Shop in Islamabad]]

After the deregulation of the [[telecommunications industry]], the sector has experienced exponential growth. [[Pakistan Telecommunication Company Ltd]] (PTCL) has emerged as a successful [[Forbes 2000]] conglomerate with over US$1 billion in sales in 2005. The mobile telephone market has expanded many-fold since 2003, reaching a subscriber base of 140 million users in July 2017, one of the highest mobile teledensities in the world.<ref name="pta.gov.pk">{{cite web|url=http://www.pta.gov.pk/index.php?Itemid=599 |title=Home |publisher=PTA |accessdate=4 March 2022}}</ref> Pakistan won the prestigious Government Leadership award of [[GSM Association]] in 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gsmworld.com/news/press_2006/press06_14.shtml |title=Pakistan Recognised by GSMA for Exceptional Work in Developing Mobile Communications|access-date=25 August 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060904133739/http://www.gsmworld.com/news/press_2006/press06_14.shtml |archive-date=4 September 2006 }}<!-- GSM World. Retrieved on 16 February 2008 --></ref>

In Pakistan, the following are the top mobile phone operators:

# [[Jazz Pakistan]] (parent: [[VEON]], Netherlands)
# [[Ufone]] (parent: PTCL ([[Etisalat]]), Pakistan/UAE)
# [[Telenor]] (parent: [[Telenor]], Norway)
# [[Zong Pakistan|Zong]] (parent: [[China Mobile]], China)

By March 2009, Pakistan had 91 million mobile subscribers – 25 million more subscribers than reported in the same period in 2008. In addition to the 3.1 million fixed lines, as many as 2.4 million are using Wireless Local Loop connections. [[Sony Ericsson]], [[Nokia]] and [[Motorola]] along with [[Samsung Electronics|Samsung]] and [[LG]] remain the most popular brands among customers.<ref name="brecorder.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.brecorder.com/index.php?id=30899&currPageNo=1&query=&search=&term=&supDate= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611115413/http://www.brecorder.com/index.php?id=30899&currPageNo=1&query=&search=&term=&supDate= |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 June 2010 |title=Business Recorder [Pakistan's First Financial Daily&#93; |publisher=Brecorder.com |date=1 January 2004 |access-date=29 July 2010 }}</ref>

Since liberalisation, over the past four years from 2003 to 2007, the Pakistani telecom sector has attracted more than $9 billion in foreign investments.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007%5C06%5C23%5Cstory_23-6-2007_pg5_10 |title=Leading News Resource of Pakistan |publisher=Daily Times |access-date=29 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611043335/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007%5C06%5C23%5Cstory_23-6-2007_pg5_10 |archive-date=11 June 2010 }}</ref> During 2007–08, the Pakistani communication sector alone received $1.62 billion in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) – about 30% of the country's total foreign direct investment.

According to the [[PC World]], a total of 6.37 billion text messages were sent through Acision messaging systems across Asia Pacific over the 2008/2009 Christmas and New Year period.<ref>{{cite web |date=1 February 2009 |title=Guess Which County Texts the Heaviest |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/158700/guess_which_county_texts_the_heaviest.html |work=PCWorld |access-date=8 April 2009 |archive-date=14 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114053941/http://www.pcworld.com/article/158700/guess_which_county_texts_the_heaviest.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Pakistan was amongst the top five rankers with one of the highest SMS traffic with 763 million messages.

On 14 August 2010, Pakistan became the first country in the world to experience EVDO's RevB 3G technology that offers maximum speeds of 9.3&nbsp;Mbit/s.

3G and 4G were simultaneously launched in Pakistan on 23 April 2014 through a [[spectrum auction|SMRA auction]]. Three out of five companies got a 3G licence i.e. [[Ufone]], [[Mobilink]] and [[Telenor]] while [[China Mobile]]'s [[Zong Pakistan|Zong]] got 3G as well as a 4G licence. Whereas the fifth company, [[Warid Pakistan]] did not participate in the auction procedure, but they launched 4G LTE services on their existing 2G 1800&nbsp;MHz spectrum due to Technology-neutral terms and became the world's first Telecom Company to transform directly from 2G to 4G. With that, Pakistan joined the 3G and 4G world.
In December 2017, 3G and 4G subscribers in Pakistan reached 46 million.<ref name="pta.gov.pk" />

After the successful implementation of the Device Identification Registration and Blocking System (DIRBS) in 2019 along with a comprehensive mobile manufacturing policy, it created a favourable environment for mobile device manufacturing in Pakistan. For the first time in the history of Pakistan, local mobile phone manufacturing exceeded the number of mobile phones that were imported in 2021. Mobile device manufacturing licences have been issued to 26 companies, including Samsung, Redmi, Realme, Nokia, [[Oppo phones|Oppo]], TECNO, [[Infinix]], Itel, Vgotel, and Q-Mobile.<ref>{{cite web|title=Local Mobile Manufacturing Surpasses Mobile Phone Import|url=https://www.pta.gov.pk/en/media-center/single-media/local-mobile-manufacturing-surpasses-mobile-phone-import-260821|url-status=live|access-date=14 September 2021|website=PTA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827065002/https://pta.gov.pk/en/media-center/single-media/local-mobile-manufacturing-surpasses-mobile-phone-import-260821 |archive-date=27 August 2021 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+[[Pakistan Telecommunication Authority|PTA]] reports<ref>{{cite web |title=Annual Reports |url=https://www.pta.gov.pk/category/annual-reports-1432096911-2023-05-30 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2024-09-17 |publisher=PTA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=telecom Indicators |url=https://www.pta.gov.pk/category/telecom-indicators |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=PTA}}</ref>
!Indicators
!2003
!2004
!2005
!2006
!2007
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
!2021
!2022
!2023
!2024
|-
|[[Teledensity]]
|4.31%
|6.25%
|11.9%
|26.24%
|44.06%
|72.4%
|74.1%
|75.1%
|76.3%
|81.7%
|84.6%
|81.4%
|80.5%
|-
|Telecom subscribers (millions)
|2.4
|5.0
|12.7
|34.5
|62.3
|139.8
|151.5
|165.0
|171.1
|186.8
|197.2
|193.5
|195.1
|-
| colspan="4" |[[Broadband]] subscribers (millions)
|0.03
|0.05
|44.8
|58.7
|71.5
|83.8
|102.7
|118.8
|127.6
|138.3
|-
| colspan="4" |Broadband penetration
|0.0%
|0.0%
|22.7%
|28.1%
|32.6%
|37.4%
|44.9%
|51.0%
|53.6%
|57.0%
|-
| colspan="6" |Cellular mobile data usage (petabytes)
|690
|1,262
|2,493
|4,510
| 6,853
|8,970
|10,850
|13,021
|-
| colspan="2" |Telecom revenues (billion PKR)
|118
|144
|195
|236
|528
|540
|604
|595
| 641
|717
|817
|955
|-
|Telecom contribution to exchequer (billion PKR)
|30.0
|38
|67
|77
|100
|161
|163
|111
|286
| 222
|329
|341
|335
|-
| colspan="3" |Total telecom investment (million US $)
|1,473
|1,731
|4,109
|1,133
|1,132
|882
|1,140
| 1,214
|1,657
|770
|765
|-
| colspan="6" |Mobile (CBU) imports (million units)
|18.11
|12.07
|16.28
|24.51
|10.26
|1.53
|1.58
|1.71
|-
| colspan="6" |Local assembly / manufacturing (million units)
|1.72
|5.2
|11.74
|13.05
|24.66
|21.94
|21.28
|31.38
|}

==== Transportation ====
{{Main|Transportation in Pakistan}}

===== Air linkage =====
[[File:PK Karachi Airport asv2020-01.jpg|thumb|[[Jinnah International Airport]] in [[Karachi]]]]

The year 1955 marked the inauguration of the Pakistan airline's first scheduled international service – to London, via Cairo and Rome. In 1959, the Government of Pakistan appointed Air Commodore Nur Khan as the managing director of PIA. With his visionary leadership, PIA 'took off' and within a short span of 6 years, gained the stature and status of one of the world's frontline carriers. In aviation circles, this period has often been referred to as the "golden years of PIA". On 29 April 1964, with a Boeing 720B, PIA earned the distinction of becoming the first airline from a non-communist country to fly into the People's Republic of China. Private sector airlines in Pakistan include [[Airblue]], which serves the main cities within Pakistan in addition to destinations in the [[Persian Gulf]] and [[Manchester]] in the United Kingdom.

{| class="wikitable"
|+[[Pakistan International Airlines|PIA]] annual reports<ref>{{cite web |title=PIA Annual Statements |url=https://www.piac.com.pk/corporate/management/corporate-reports |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410203501/https://www.piac.com.pk/corporate/management/corporate-reports |archive-date=10 April 2020 |access-date=24 July 2023 |website=PIA}}</ref>
!Indicators
!2003
!2008
!2013
!2018
!2019
!2020
!2021
!2022
|-
|Route kilometers
|290,129
|311,131
|411,936
|332,303
|389,725
|705,820
|374,054
|341,821
|-
|Passengers carried (000)
|4,556
|5,617
|4,449
|5,203
|5,290
|2,541
|2,657
|4,281
|-
|Operating revenue (billion PKR)
|47.952
|88.863
|95.771
|103.490
|147.500
|94.989
|86.185
|172.038
|-
|Operating expenses (billion PKR)
|42.574
|120.499
|123.151
|150.524
|153.631
|95.670
|101.212
|183.354
|-
|Profit+/-loss after tax (billion PKR)
| +1.298
| −36.138
| −44.322
| −67.328
| −52.602
| −34.643
| −50.101
| −88.008
|}

===== Railway linkage =====
[[File:Pakistan Railway Train.jpg|thumb|A [[Pakistan Railway]] train]]

Pakistan Railways (PR) is a major mode of transport in the public sector, contributing to the country's economic growth and providing national integration. 13 May 1861 was a historical day when the first railway line was opened for public between Karachi City and Kotri, a distance of 169 km. In 1885, the Sindh, Punjab and Delhi Railways were purchased by the Secretary of State for India. On 1 January 1886 this line and other State Railways were integrated and North Western State Railway was formed; this was later renamed as North Western Railways (NWR). At the time of Independence, the NWR was bifurcated with 1,847 route miles lying in India and 5,048 route miles in Pakistan. In 2022, Pakistan Railways comprised a total of 467 locomotives (462 diesel engines and 05 steam engines) for the 7,479 km route length. Pakistan Railways employed 60,643 people in 2022.

{| class="wikitable"
|+[[Pakistan Railway]] year books<ref>{{cite web |title=Railway Yearbooks |url=https://www.pakrail.gov.pk/YearBook.aspx |url-status=dead |access-date=24 July 2023 |website=pakrail.gov.pk}}</ref>
!Indicators
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
!2021
!2022
!2023
!2024
|-
|Route kilometers
|7,791
|7,791
|7,791
|7,791
|7,791
|7,791
|7,479
|7,791
|7,791
|-
|Track kilometers
|11,881
|11,881
|11,881
|11,881
|11,881
|11,881
|11,492
|11,881
|11,881
|-
|Passengers carried (000)
|52,192
|52,388
|54,907
|60,387
|44,304
|28,424
|35,681
|35,404
|42,103
|-
|Goods carried (000 tonnes)
|5,001
|5,630
|8,355
|8,376
|7,412
|8,213
|8,098
|5,748
|7,854
|-
|Operating revenue (billion PKR)
|36.58
|40.06
|49.57
|54.51
|47.58
|48.65
|60.09
|63.29
|88.73
|-
|Operating expenses (billion PKR)
|41.86
|50.07
|52.07
|53.77
|59.29
|56.33
|67.56
|72.12
|88.31
|-
|Net loss (billion PKR)
|26.53
|40.79
|37.12
|33.49
|50.27
|47.71
|48.49
|47.77
|53.32
|}

===== Road linkage =====
[[File:Raod to hunza.jpg|thumb|[[Karakoram Highway]]]]

The [[National Highway Authority]] (NHA) was established in 1991 through an Act of Parliament for the planning, development, operation, repair, and maintenance of National Highways and Strategic Roads specially entrusted to NHA by the Federal Government or by a Provincial Government or other authority concerned. NHA is the custodian of 39 national highways, motorways, expressways, and strategic routes, with a total length of 12,131 km, constituting 4.6% of the total national roads network, which is 263,775 km. However, it carries 80% of commercial traffic, and the [[N-5 National Highway]], which is the lifeline of Pakistan, carries 65% of this load in the country.

===== Maritime linkage =====
[[File:PK Karachi asv2020-02 img47 container port.jpg|thumb|[[Port of Karachi]]]]

[[Pakistan National Shipping Corporation]] (PNSC) is a national flag carrier. It was formed through the merger of the National Shipping Corporation and Pakistan Shipping Corporation in 1979. PNSC has had worldwide operations in the dry bulk segment of the shipping market since its inception, and has been involved in the transportation of liquid cargo since 1998, both locally and internationally. The corporation's head office is located in Karachi. Currently, the PNSC fleet comprises eleven vessels of various types and sizes (five [[bulk carrier]]s, four [[Aframax]] tankers, and two LR-1 Clean Product tankers) with a total deadweight capacity (cargo carrying capacity) of 831,711 metric tons, the highest ever carrying capacity since the inception of PNSC.<ref>{{cite web|title=Segmental Review of Maritime Business Performance|url=https://pnsc.com.pk/financials/2019-2020AnnualReport.pdf?t=1630585246001|url-status=live|access-date=2 September 2021|website=pnsc.com.pk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902125335/https://pnsc.com.pk/financials/2019-2020AnnualReport.pdf?t=1630585246001 |archive-date=2 September 2021 }}</ref>

==== Finance ====
{{Main|Banking in Pakistan|Insurance in Pakistan}}

Pakistan has a large and diverse banking system. In 1974, a nationalization programme led to the creation of six government-owned banks.<ref name="tribune.com.pk">{{cite web |title= History of banking in Pakistan – of humble origins and vast potential|date=4 November 2011 |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/286458/history-of-banking-in-pakistan--of-humble-origins-and-vast-potential/ |access-date=23 October 2018}}</ref> A privatization programme in the 1990s led to the entry of foreign-owned and local banks into the industry.<ref name="tribune.com.pk" /> As of 2010, there were five publicly-owned commercial banks in Pakistan, as well as 25 domestic private banks, six multinational banks, and four specialised banks.<ref name="tribune.com.pk" />

[[File:Karachi Chundrigar skyline.jpg|thumb|A part of [[I. I. Chundrigar Road|Downtown Karachi]], Showing the [[MCB Tower]] and [[Habib Bank Plaza]]. The headquarters of many banks in Pakistan can be found here.]]

Since 2000, Pakistani banks have begun aggressive marketing of consumer finance to the emerging middle class, allowing for a consumption boom (more than a seven-month waiting list for certain car models) as well as a construction bonanza. Pakistan's banking sector remained remarkably strong and resilient during the [[2008 financial crisis]], a feature which has served to attract a substantial amount of FDI in the sector. Stress tests conducted in June 2008 data indicate that the large banks are relatively robust, with the medium and small-sized banks positioning themselves in niche markets.

The [[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]] provisionally valued this sector at Rs.807,807 million in 2012, thus registering over 510% growth since 2000.<ref name="ReferenceC">{{Cite web |title=Gross National Product of Pakistan (at current factor cost) |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/national_accounts/tables/table4.pdf |access-date=16 September 2023 |website=pbs.gov.pk}}</ref>

An article published in the ''Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy'' by Mete Feridun of the University of Greenwich in London with his Pakistani colleague Abdul Jalil presents strong econometric evidence that financial development fosters economic growth in Pakistan.<ref>Jalil, Abdul and Feridun, Mete (2011) Impact of financial development on economic growth: empirical evidence from Pakistan. Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 16 (1). pp. 71–80. ISSN 1354-7860 (print), 1469-9648 (online) (doi:10.1080/13547860.2011.539403)</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+Financial statements of major banks 2023 (billion PKR)<ref>{{cite web |title=Financial Statement Analysis of Financial Sector |url=https://www.sbp.org.pk/reports/annual/FSAFS/2023-Annual/Complete.pdf |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=SBP}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Consolidated Financial Statements of SBP |url=https://www.sbp.org.pk/reports/annual/aarFY24/AFS-2023-24.pdf |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=SBP}}</ref>
!Bank
![[Total assets]]
!Revenue
!Profit after tax
|-
|[[State Bank of Pakistan]]
|19,687
|1,218
|1,143.0
|-
|[[Habib Bank Ltd]]
|5,202
|277
|56.9
|-
|[[Meezan Bank]]
|3,012
|249
|84.5
|-
|[[National Bank of Pakistan]]
|6,653
|209
|51.8
|-
|[[MCB Bank|MCB BANK LTD.]]
|2,427
|181
|59.6
|-
|[[United Bank Limited]]
|5,575
|166
|53.2
|-
|[[Bank Alfalah]]
|3,346
|154
|36.5
|-
|[[Bank AL Habib]]
|2,741
|147
|35.3
|-
|[[Allied Bank Limited]]
|2,329
|138
|40.7
|-
|[[Standard Chartered Bank (Pakistan)|Standard Chartered Bank Ltd.]]
|1,002
|107
|42.6
|-
|[[HabibMetro]]
|1,556
|87
|24.4
|}

In recent years, banking through digital channels has been gaining popularity in the country. These channels offer alternatives resulting in faster delivery of financial services to a wide range of customers. Significant progress has been observed in the usage of internet banking and mobile banking channels during the last few years. In the last five years,{{when|date=March 2025}} internet banking transactions saw compound annualised growth of 31%, whereas mobile banking transactions grew by 86%.

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Payment system infrastructure'''<ref name=":9">{{cite web |title=Payment Systems Yearly Review |url=https://www.sbp.org.pk/PS/PDF/FiscalYear-2023-24.pdf |access-date=28 September 2023 |website=SBP}}</ref>
|-
!
!FY 2020
!FY 2021
!FY 2022
!FY 2023
!FY 2024
|-
|Commercial banks + MFBs
|44
|44
|44
|44
|45
|-
|Bank branches
|16,067
|16,308
|17,031
|17,693
|18,450
|-
|Total number of ATMs
|15,612
|16,355
|17,133
|17,808
|18,957
|-
|Internet banking users (000)
|3,983
|5,239
|8,370
|9,637
|11,996
|-
|Mobile phone banking users (000)
|8,452
|10,873
|12,339
|16,061
|18,678
|-
|POS machines
|49,067
|71,907
|104,865
|115,288
|125,593
|-
|Credit cards (million)
|1.66
|1.72
|1.80
|2.01
|2.04
|-
|Debit cards (million)
|26.7
|29.8
|34.6
|39.0
|48.3
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+Payment system statistics<ref name=":9" />
|-
! colspan="2" |
!FY 2020
!FY 2021
!FY 2022
!FY 2023
!FY 2024
|-
! rowspan="2" |PRISM system* 
|Transactions (millions)
|2.6
|{{increase}}4.2
|{{increase}}4.4
|{{increase}}4.9
|{{increase}}5.8
|-
|Amount (trillion PKR)
|394.3
|{{increase}}444.6
|{{increase}}681.6
|{{decrease}}640.4
|{{increase}}1,043.1
|-
! rowspan="2" |Paper based 
|Transactions (millions)
|598.4
|{{decrease}}582.3
|{{increase}}599.1
|{{decrease}}574.2
|{{decrease}}571.2
|-
|Amount (trillion PKR)
|185.6
|{{increase}}218.9
|{{increase}}295.7
|{{increase}}342.7
|{{increase}}447.7
|-
! rowspan="2" |Mobile banking
|Transactions (millions)
|82.8
|{{increase}}193.4
|{{increase}}387.5
|{{increase}}660.6
|{{increase}}1,122.8
|-
|Amount (trillion PKR)
|1.8
|{{increase}}4.9
|{{increase}}11.8
|{{increase}}23.8
|{{increase}}46.3
|-
! rowspan="2" |E-commerce
|Transactions (millions)
|10.2
|{{increase}}21.9
|{{increase}}45.5
|{{decrease}}31.8
|{{increase}}39.9
|-
|Amount (billion PKR)
|34.9
|{{increase}}60.6
|{{increase}}106.0
|{{increase}}142.0
|{{increase}}194.3
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki> [[Real-time gross settlement]] (RTGS) mechanism in Pakistan is named the Pakistan Real-time Interbank Settlement Mechanism (PRISM).

==== Housing ====
{{Main|Housing in Pakistan}}
[[File:House on Mountains Amazing View of Murree City of Pakistan..jpg|thumb|House on mountains in [[Murree]]]]

The property sector has expanded 23-fold since 2001, particularly in metropolises like Lahore.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/5338402.stm Pakistan's post-9/11 economic boom] BBC News, 21 September 2006</ref> Nevertheless, the Karachi Chamber of Commerce and Industry estimated in late 2006 that the overall production of housing units in Pakistan has to be increased to 0.5 million units annually to address 6.1 million backlog of housing in Pakistan for meeting the housing shortfall in next 20 years. The report noted that the present housing stock is also rapidly aging and an estimate suggests that more than 50% of stock is over 50 years old. It is also estimated that 50% of the urban population now lives in slums and squatter settlements. The report said that meeting the backlog in housing, besides replacement of out-lived housing units, is beyond the financial resources of the government. This necessitates putting in place a framework to facilitate financing in the formal private sector and mobilise non-government resources for a market-based housing finance system.<ref>[http://www.brecorder.com/index.php?id=484346&currPageNo=2&query=&search=&term=&supDate= 0.5 million housing units needed annually to meet shortfall: KCCI] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804125427/https://www.brecorder.com/index.php?id=484346&currPageNo=2&query=&search=&term=&supDate= |date=4 August 2020 }} Business Recorder, 7 October 2006</ref> To promote affordable housing and home ownership among low to middle-income group, who currently do not own a house, [[State Bank of Pakistan|SBP]] in 2020 introduced the Government's Mark-Up Subsidy Scheme,  through which subsidized financing is provided to individuals for construction or purchase of a new house. Since then, a huge demand for house financing has been witnessed by the commercial banks.

{| class="wikitable"
|+Outstanding loans of consumer financing for house building (billion PKR)<ref name=":6">{{cite web|title=Credit/Loans Classified by Borrowers – Archive|url=https://www.sbp.org.pk/ecodata/CreditLoans-arch.xls|url-status=live|access-date=5 October 2021|website=sbp.org.pk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101130004644/http://sbp.org.pk/ecodata/CreditLoans-arch.xls |archive-date=30 November 2010 }}</ref>
!Jun 2006
!Jun 2010
!Jun 2015
!Jun 2016
!Jun 2017
!Jun 2018
!Jun 2019
!Jun 2020
!Jun 2021
!Jun 2022
!Jun 2023
!Jun 2024
|-
|43.205
|54.500
|40.207
|48.153
|60.688
|82.939
|92.561
|79.803
|103.631
|200.765
|212.315
|203.580
|}

==== Tourism ====
{{Main|Tourism in Pakistan}}

[[Tourism in Pakistan]] has been hailed as the tourism industry's "next big thing". [[Pakistan]], with its diverse cultures, people, and landscapes, has attracted 90 million tourists to the country, almost double that of a decade ago. Currently, Pakistan ranks 130th in the world by tourist income. Due to the threat of terrorism, the number of foreign tourists has gradually declined, and the shock of the [[2013 Nanga Parbat tourist shooting]] has severely adversely affected the tourism industry.<ref>{{cite web |title=Extremism Mars Daughter of Alps &#124; Pakistan Alpine Institute |url=http://www.pakistanalpine.com/articles/expeditions/extremism-mars-daughter-of-alps/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102230421/http://www.pakistanalpine.com/articles/expeditions/extremism-mars-daughter-of-alps/ |archive-date=2 January 2014 |access-date=11 January 2014 |publisher=Pakistanalpine.com}}</ref> {{as of|2016}}, tourism has begun to recover in Pakistan, albeit gradually, with a current global rank of 130.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 November 2016 |title=Pakistan's tourism industry gradually recovering |url=http://www.brecorder.com/pakistan/industries-a-sectors/328271-pakistans-tourism-industry-gradually-recovering.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116231710/http://www.brecorder.com/pakistan/industries-a-sectors/328271-pakistans-tourism-industry-gradually-recovering.html |archive-date=16 November 2016 |access-date=6 April 2022 }}</ref>