Editing Chinatown, Manhattan (section)

===Street names in Chinese===
[[File:BaxterStreet.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.1|Bilingual signage of Baxter Street]]
[[File:Chinatown, NYC (2014) - 11.JPG|thumb|upright=1.1|right|[[Elizabeth Street (Manhattan)|Elizabeth Street]], co-named Pvt. [[Danny Chen]] Way]]
Streets in Chinatown also have Chinese names, which are noted on bilingual street signs in Chinatown. Prior to the 1960s, Chinatown residents named the streets informally, and streets could carry several Chinese names.<ref name=nyt-2022-03-11>{{Cite news|last1=Reiss|first1=Aaron|last2=Lu|first2=Denise|date=March 11, 2022|title=Manhattan's Chinese Street Signs Are Disappearing|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/03/11/nyregion/nyc-chinatown-signs.html|access-date=March 12, 2022|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=March 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312164301/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/03/11/nyregion/nyc-chinatown-signs.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The first bilingual street signs installed by the city government were placed on police call boxes in 1966.<ref>{{Cite news|date=June 12, 1966|title=Police Call-boxes Get Chinese Signs; Red Letters Added to End Confusion in Chinatown|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1966/06/12/archives/police-callboxes-get-chinese-signs-red-letters-added-to-end.html|access-date=March 12, 2022|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=March 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312164315/https://www.nytimes.com/1966/06/12/archives/police-callboxes-get-chinese-signs-red-letters-added-to-end.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The first 44 bilingual street signs, displaying the street name in English with a smaller street name in Chinese below, were installed in 1969.<ref>{{Cite news|date=January 16, 1969|title=Bilingual Street Signs in Chinatown|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/16/archives/bilingual-street-signs-in-chinatown.html|access-date=March 12, 2022|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=March 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312164316/https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/16/archives/bilingual-street-signs-in-chinatown.html|url-status=live}}</ref> These signs were installed in an area bounded by Canal Street to the north, Bowery to the east, Chatham Square to the southeast, Worth Street to the south, and Mulberry Street to the west. The street names were selected to match phonetic transliterations of English names in [[Taishanese]] and [[Cantonese]], the two Chinese varieties most frequently spoken in Chinatown at the time. As different Chinese varieties may have widely varying pronunciations for the same word, the signs did not account for pronunciations in Mandarin and Fujianese, the varieties spoken by many immigrants who came in the 1970s.<ref name=nyt-2022-03-11/>

In the early 1980s, the program was expanded following an effort by urban planner Jerry S. Y. Cheng and [[Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association]] (CCBA) president Li Boli. The [[New York City Department of Transportation]] commissioned a study in 1985 to identify places for new signs, but most records have been lost or destroyed. The expansion would have extended the signs north to Broome Street, east to Allen and Pike Streets, southeast to Madison Street (between Oliver and Pike Streets), and west to Lafayette Street. The newer street names were proposed by CCBA members and affiliated merchants, who mostly spoke Taishanese and Cantonese. Calligrapher Tan Bingzhong manually wrote the Chinese characters on street signs for 40 streets, leading to slight variations in each sign.<ref name=nyt-2022-03-11/>

While there were 155 street signs at the program's peak, only 101 signs remained {{as of|2022|lc=y}}, and almost half of the 40 streets no longer have bilingual signs. A ''New York Times'' analysis of the program found that many damaged signs were replaced with English-only signs, as translated street names are not part of the [[Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices]], or else were not replaced at all. Furthermore, many of the people involved in the street-sign programs during the 1960s and 1980s had died, and the relocation of the neighborhood's Chinese residents had shrunken the area's Chinese presence over time. According to the ''Times'', there was little awareness in the neighborhood that the bilingual signs were disappearing, even among community leaders.<ref name=nyt-2022-03-11/>

{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Street !! [[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional Chinese]] !! Mandarin [[Pinyin]] !! Cantonese [[Jyutping]]
|-
| [[Allen Street (Manhattan)|Allen Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|亞倫街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Yǎlún Jiē'' || Aa3 leon4 Gaai1
|-
| [[Baxter Street (Manhattan)|Baxter Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|巴士特街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Bāshìtè Jiē'' || Baa1 si6 dak6 Gaai1
|-
| Bayard Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|擺也街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> ||''Bǎiyě Jiē'' || Baai2 jaa5 Gaai1
|-
| [[Bowery]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|包厘街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Bāolí Jiē'' || Baau1 lei4 Gaai1
|-
| [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|百老匯大道}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Bǎilǎohuì Dàdào'' || Baak3 lou5 wui6 Daai6 dou6
|-
| [[Broome Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|布隆街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Bùlóng Jiē'' || Bou3 lung4 Gaai1
|-
| [[Canal Street (Manhattan)|Canal Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|堅尼街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Jiānní Jiē'' || Gin1 nei4 Gaai1
|-
| Catherine Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|加薩林街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Jiāsàlín Jiē'' || Gaa1 saat3 lam4 Gaai1
|-
| [[Centre Street (Manhattan)|Centre Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|中央街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Zhōngyāng Jiē'' || Zung1 joeng1 Gaai1
|-
| [[Chambers Street (Manhattan)|Chambers Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|錢伯斯街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Qiánbósī Jiē'' || Cin2 baak3 si1 Gaai1
|-
| [[Chatham Square (Manhattan)|Chatham Square]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|且林士果}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Qiělín Shìguǒ'' || Ce2 lam4 Si6 gwo2
|-
| Cherry Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|車厘街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Chēlí Jiē'' || Ce1 lei4 Gaai1
|-
| [[Chrystie Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|企李士提街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Qǐlǐshìtí Jiē'' || Kei5 lei5 si6 tai4 Gaai1
|-
| [[Delancey Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|地蘭西街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Dìlánxī Jiē'' || Dei6 laan4 sai1 Gaai1
|-
| [[Division Street (Manhattan)|Division Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|地威臣街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Dìwēichén Jiē'' || Dei6 wai1 san4 Gaai1
|-
| [[Doyers Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|宰也街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Zǎiyě Jiē'' || Zoi2 jaa5 Gaai1
|-
| [[East Broadway (Manhattan)|East Broadway]] (Little Fuzhou) || {{lang|zh-Hant|東百老匯}} ({{lang|zh-Hant|小福州}})<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Dōng Bǎilǎohuì (Xiǎo Fúzhōu)'' || Dung1 Baak3 lou5 wui6'' (Siu2 Fuk1 zau1)''
|-
| Eldridge Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|愛烈治街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Àilièzhì Jiē'' || Oi3 lit6 zi6 Gaai1
|-
| [[Elizabeth Street (Manhattan)|Elizabeth Street]] (Private Danny Chen Way)
| {{lang|zh-Hant|伊利莎白街}} ({{lang|zh-Hant|陳宇暉路}})<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Yīlìshābái Jiē'' ''(Chén Yǔhuī Lù)'' || Ji1 lei6 saa1 baak6 Gaai1 ''(Can4 Jyu5 fai1 Lou6)''
|-
| [[Forsyth Street (Manhattan)|Forsyth Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|科西街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Kēxī Jiē'' || Fo1 sai1 Gaai1
|-
| [[Grand Street (Manhattan)|Grand Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|格蘭街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Gélán Jiē'' || Gaak3 laan4 Gaai1
|-
| [[Henry Street (Manhattan)|Henry Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|顯利街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Xiǎnlì Jiē'' || Hin2 lei6 Gaai1
|-
| [[Hester Street (Manhattan)|Hester Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|喜士打街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Xǐshìdǎ Jiē'' || Hei2 si6 daa2 Gaai1
|-
| Ludlow Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|拉德洛街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Lādéluò Jiē'' || Laai1 dak1 lok6 Gaai1
|-
| [[Madison Street (Manhattan)|Madison Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|麥地遜街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Màidìxùn Jiē'' || Mak6 dei6 seon3 Gaai1
|-
| Market Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|市場街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Shìchǎng Jiē'' || Si5 coeng4 Gaai1
|-
| Monroe Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|門羅街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Ménluó Jiē'' || Mun4 lo4 Gaai1
|-
| Mosco Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|莫斯科街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Mòsīkē Jiē'' || Mok6 si1 fo1 Gaai1
|-
| [[Mott Street]] (Little Hong Kong, Little Guangdong)
| {{lang|zh-Hant|勿街}}
({{lang|zh-Hant|小香港}}, {{lang|zh-Hant|小廣東}})<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/>
| ''Wù Jiē''
''(Xiǎo Xiānggǎng, Xiǎo Guǎngdōng)''
| Mat6 Gaai1
''(Siu2 Hoeng1 gong2, Siu2 Gwong2 dung1)''
|-
| [[Mulberry Street (Manhattan)|Mulberry Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|摩比利街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Móbǐlì Jiē '' || Mo1 bei2 lei6 Gaai1
|-
| [[Orchard Street (Manhattan)|Orchard Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|柯察街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> ||''Kēchá Jiē'' || O1 caat3 Gaai1
|-
| [[Park Row (Manhattan)|Park Row]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|柏路}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Bǎi Lù'' || Paak3 Lou6
|-
| Pell Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|披露街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> ||''Pīlù Jiē'' || Pei1 lou6 Gaai1
|-
| [[Pike Street (New York City)|Pike Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|派街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Pài Jiē'' || Paai3 Gaai1
|-
| Rutgers Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|羅格斯街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames"/> || ''Luógésī Jiē'' || Lo4 gaak3 si1 Gaai1
|-
| South Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|南街}} || ''Nán Jiē'' || Naam4 Gaai1
|-
| Water Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|水街}} || ''Shuǐ Jiē'' || Seoi2 Gaai1
|-
| [[Worth Street]] || {{lang|zh-Hant|窩夫街}}<ref name="ccbanyc streetnames">{{cite web |url=http://ccbanyc.org/historyfile/photo/history.html |title=Historic Pictures of Chinatown |publisher=Ccbanyc.org |access-date=November 15, 2009 |archive-date=July 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719022307/http://ccbanyc.org/historyfile/photo/history.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nychinatown.org/manhattan.html |title=A Journey Through Chinatown |publisher=Nychinatown.org |access-date=November 15, 2009 |archive-date=December 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209130435/http://www.nychinatown.org/manhattan.html |url-status=live }}</ref>||''Wōfū Jiē'' || Wo1 fu1 Gaai1
|-
| White Street || {{lang|zh-Hant|白街}} || ''Bái Jiē'' || Baak6 Gaai1
|-
|}