Editing CT scan (section)

==== Dose versus image quality ====
An important issue within radiology today is how to reduce the radiation dose during CT examinations without compromising the image quality. In general, higher radiation doses result in higher-resolution images,<ref name="Crowther">{{Cite journal |last1=R. A. Crowther |last2=D. J. DeRosier |last3=A. Klug |year=1970 |title=The Reconstruction of a Three-Dimensional Structure from Projections and its Application to Electron Microscopy |journal=Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A |volume=317 |issue=1530 |pages=319–340 |bibcode=1970RSPSA.317..319C |doi=10.1098/rspa.1970.0119 |s2cid=122980366}}</ref> while lower doses lead to increased image noise and unsharp images. However, increased dosage raises the adverse side effects, including the risk of [[radiation-induced cancer]] – a four-phase abdominal CT gives the same radiation dose as 300 chest X-rays.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Nickoloff |first1=Edward L. |last2=Alderson |first2=Philip O. |date=August 2001 |title=Radiation Exposures to Patients from CT: Reality, Public Perception, and Policy |url=http://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/ajr.177.2.1770285 |journal=American Journal of Roentgenology |volume=177 |issue=2 |pages=285–287 |doi=10.2214/ajr.177.2.1770285 |issn=0361-803X |pmid=11461846}}</ref> Several methods that can reduce the exposure to ionizing radiation during a CT scan exist.<ref name="ata">Barkan, O; Weill, J; Averbuch, A; Dekel, S. [http://www.cv-foundation.org/openaccess/content_cvpr_2013/papers/Barkan_Adaptive_Compressed_Tomography_2013_CVPR_paper.pdf "Adaptive Compressed Tomography Sensing"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313133222/http://www.cv-foundation.org/openaccess/content_cvpr_2013/papers/Barkan_Adaptive_Compressed_Tomography_2013_CVPR_paper.pdf |date=2016-03-13}}. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2013 (pp. 2195–2202).</ref>

# New software technology can significantly reduce the required radiation dose. New [[Iterative reconstruction|iterative]] [[tomographic reconstruction]] algorithms (''e.g.'', [[SAMV (algorithm)|iterative Sparse Asymptotic Minimum Variance]]) could offer [[Super-resolution imaging|super-resolution]] without requiring higher radiation dose.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hclVAAAAMAAJ&q=iterative+construction+gives+super+resolution |title=Proceedings |date=1995 |publisher=IEEE |page=10 |isbn=978-0-7803-2498-5}}</ref>
# Individualize the examination and adjust the radiation dose to the body type and body organ examined. Different body types and organs require different amounts of radiation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Radiation – Effects on organs of the body (somatic effects) |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/radiation |access-date=2021-03-21 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica}}</ref>
# Higher resolution is not always suitable, such as detection of small pulmonary masses.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Simpson G |year=2009 |title=Thoracic computed tomography: principles and practice |journal=Australian Prescriber |volume=32 |issue=4 |page=4 |doi=10.18773/austprescr.2009.049 |doi-access=free}}</ref>