Editing Bronze Age (section)

=== Southern Europe ===
[[File:Nuraghe Santu Antine 02.jpg|thumb|left|[[Nuraghe Santu Antine]] in [[Torralba, Sardinia|Torralba]], [[Sardinia]], [[Italy]]]]

The [[Apennine culture]] was a technology complex in central and southern Italy spanning both the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age proper. The [[Camuni]] were an ancient people of uncertain origin who lived in [[Val Camonica]], in present-day [[Lombardy]], during the Iron Age, although groups of hunters, shepherds, and farmers are known to have lived in the area since the Neolithic.

Located in [[Sardinia]] and [[Corsica]], the [[Nuragic civilisation]] lasted from the early Bronze Age (18th century&nbsp;BCE) to the 2nd century&nbsp;CE, when the islands were already [[Romanised]]. They take their name from the characteristic Nuragic towers, which evolved from the pre-existing megalithic culture, which built [[dolmen]]s and [[menhir]]s.

The towers are unanimously considered the best-preserved and largest megalithic remains in Europe. Their purpose is still debated: some scholars consider them monumental tombs, others as [[Giants' grave|Houses of the Giants]], other as fortresses, ovens for metal fusion, prisons, or finally temples for a solar cult. Near the end of the 3rd millennium&nbsp;BCE, Sardinia exported to Sicily a culture that built small dolmens, trilithic or polygonal shaped, that served as tombs, as in the Sicilian dolmen of "Cava dei Servi". From this region, they reached [[Malta]] and other countries of Mediterranean basin.<ref>Piccolo, Salvatore, ''op. cit.'', pp. 1 onwards.</ref>
[[File:Parco archeologico e Museo all'aperto della Terramara di Montale.jpg|thumb|Reconstructed [[Terramare culture]] houses]]

The [[Terramare]] was an early [[Indo-European]] civilisation in the area of what is now [[Pianura Padana]] in northern Italy, before the arrival of the [[Celts]], and in other parts of Europe. They lived in square villages of wooden [[stilt houses]]. These villages were built on land, but generally near a stream, with roads forming a [[grid plan]]. The whole complex was of the nature of a fortified settlement. The Terramare culture was widespread in the [[Pianura Padana]], especially along the [[Panaro (river)|Panaro]] river, between [[Modena]] and [[Bologna]], and in the rest of Europe. The civilisation developed in the Middle and Late Bronze Age during the 17th–13th centuries&nbsp;BCE.

The [[Castellieri culture]] developed in [[Istria]] during the Middle Bronze Age. It lasted for more than a millennium, from the 15th century&nbsp;BCE until the Roman conquest in the 3rd century&nbsp;BCE. It takes its name from the fortified boroughs (''Castellieri'', {{langx|fur|cjastelir}}) that characterised the culture.

The [[Canegrate culture]] developed from the mid-Bronze Age (13th century&nbsp;BCE) until the Iron Age in the Pianura Padana, in what are now western [[Lombardy]], eastern [[Piedmont]], and [[Ticino]]. It takes its name from the township of [[Canegrate]], where, in the 20th century, some fifty tombs with ceramics and metal objects were found. The Canegrate culture migrated from the northwest part of the Alps and descended to Pianura Padana from the [[Swiss Alps]] passes and the Ticino.

The [[Golasecca culture]] developed starting from the late Bronze Age in the [[Po plain]]. It takes its name from Golasecca, a locality next to the Ticino, where in the early 19th century abbot {{ill|Giovanni Battista Giani|it}} excavated its first findings comprising some 50 tombs with ceramics and metal objects. Remains of the Golasecca culture span an area of about {{cvt|20000|km2|acre}} south to the Alps, between the Po, [[Sesia]], and [[Serio (river)|Serio]] rivers, dating to the 9th–4th centuries&nbsp;BC.