Editing Acupuncture (section)

== Adoption ==
Acupuncture is most heavily practiced in China<ref name=Zhang-2010/> and is popular in<ref name=Zhang-2010/> the US,<ref name="Xu S"/> Australia,<ref name="dahfdfaDF"/> and Europe.<ref name="Ramsay2009"/> In Switzerland, acupuncture has become the most frequently used alternative medicine since 2004.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Carruzzo P, Graz B, Rodondi PY, Michaud PA | title = Offer and use of complementary and alternative medicine in hospitals of the French-speaking part of Switzerland | journal = [[Swiss Medical Weekly]] | volume = 143 | pages = w13756 | date = September 2013 | pmid = 24018633 | doi = 10.4414/smw.2013.13756 | doi-access = free }}</ref> In the United Kingdom, a total of 4 million acupuncture treatments were administered in 2009.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hopton AK, Curnoe S, Kanaan M, Macpherson H | title = Acupuncture in practice: mapping the providers, the patients and the settings in a national cross-sectional survey | journal = BMJ Open | volume = 2 | issue = 1 | pages = e000456 | year = 2012 | pmid = 22240649 | pmc = 3278493 | doi = 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000456 | publisher = bmj.com }}</ref> Acupuncture is used in most pain clinics and hospices in the UK.<ref name=NHS/> An estimated 1 in 10 adults in Australia used acupuncture in 2004.<ref name="dahfdfaDF">{{cite journal | vauthors = Xue CC, Zhang AL, Lin V, Myers R, Polus B, Story DF | title = Acupuncture, chiropractic and osteopathy use in Australia: a national population survey | journal = BMC Public Health | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 105 | date = April 2008 | pmid = 18377663 | pmc = 2322980 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2458-8-105 | display-authors = 1 | doi-access = free }}</ref> In Japan, it is estimated that 25 percent of the population will try acupuncture at some point,<ref name=Ishizaki2010/> though in most cases it is not covered by [[Health care system in Japan|public health insurance]].<ref name=Ishizaki2010/> Users of acupuncture in Japan are more likely to be elderly and to have a limited education.<ref name=Ishizaki2010/> Approximately half of users surveyed indicated a likelihood to seek such remedies in the future, while 37% did not.<ref name=Ishizaki2010>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ishizaki N, Yano T, Kawakita K | title = Public status and prevalence of acupuncture in Japan | journal = Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine | volume = 7 | issue = 4 | pages = 493–500 | date = December 2010 | pmid = 18955345 | pmc = 2892353 | doi = 10.1093/ecam/nen037 }}</ref> Less than one percent of the US population reported having used acupuncture in the early 1990s.<ref name=Samadi2012>{{cite web|title=More Americans using acupuncture for common ailments|first=David B.|last=Samadi|name-list-style=vanc|url=https://www.foxnews.com/health/more-americans-using-acupuncture-for-common-ailments/|publisher=[[Fox News Channel]]|access-date=25 May 2013|archive-date=28 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728054400/http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/05/15/more-americans-using-acupuncture-for-common-ailments/|url-status=live}}</ref> By the early 2010s, more than 14 million Americans reported having used acupuncture as part of their health care.<ref name=Samadi2012/>

In the US, acupuncture is increasingly ({{As of|2014|lc=y}}) used at [[academic medical centers]],<ref name=Gorski2014/> and is usually offered through CAM centers or anesthesia and pain management services. Examples include those at [[Harvard University]], [[Stanford University]], [[Johns Hopkins University]], and [[UCLA]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Highfield ES, Kaptchuk TJ, Ott MJ, Barnes L, Kemper KJ | title = Availability of acupuncture in the hospitals of a major academic medical center: a pilot study | journal = Complementary Therapies in Medicine | volume = 11 | issue = 3 | pages = 177–83 | date = September 2003 | pmid = 14659382 | doi = 10.1016/S0965-2299(03)00069-4 | url = http://www.complementarytherapiesinmedicine.com/article/S0965-2299%2803%2900069-4/abstract | publisher = Elsevier }}</ref> [[CDC]] [[clinical practice guideline]]s from 2022 list acupuncture among the types of complementary and alternative medicines physicians should consider in preference to [[opioid]] prescription for certain kinds of pain.<ref>{{cite journal |pages=1–95 |publisher=CDC |date=4 November 2022 |title=CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain |url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/rr/rr7103a1.htm |vauthors=Dowell D, Ragan KR, Jones CN, Baldwin GT, Chou R |volume=71 |issue=3 |journal=Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report |access-date=23 December 2022 |archive-date=23 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223102004/https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/rr/rr7103a1.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

The use of acupuncture in Germany increased by 20% in 2007, after the [[German acupuncture trials]] supported its efficacy for certain uses.<ref name="accupuncture-rponline"/> In 2011, there were more than one million users,<ref name="accupuncture-rponline">{{cite web|title=Frauen häufiger mit Akupunktur behandelt|url=http://www.rp-online.de/gesundheit/medizin-und-vorsorge/frauen-haeufiger-mit-akupunktur-behandelt-1.2973239|work=[[Rheinische Post]]|date=30 August 2012|access-date=25 May 2013|language=de|archive-date=4 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121204125847/http://www.rp-online.de/gesundheit/medizin-und-vorsorge/frauen-haeufiger-mit-akupunktur-behandelt-1.2973239|url-status=live}}</ref> and insurance companies have estimated that two-thirds of German users are women.<ref name="accupuncture-rponline"/> As a result of the trials, German [[Publicly funded health care|public health insurers]] began to cover acupuncture for chronic low back pain and osteoarthritis of the knee, but not tension headache or migraine.<ref name=Birch2007/> This decision was based in part on [[socio-political]] reasons.<ref name=Birch2007>{{cite journal |url=http://www.paradigm-pubs.com/sites/www.paradigm-pubs.com/files/files/Birch-german-studies.pdf |journal=Journal of Chinese Medicine |title=Reflections on the German Acupuncture studies |vauthors=Birch S |issue=83 |year=2007 |pages=12–17 |access-date=20 January 2014 |archive-date=16 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116140150/http://www.paradigm-pubs.com/sites/www.paradigm-pubs.com/files/files/Birch-german-studies.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Some insurers in Germany chose to stop reimbursement of acupuncture because of the trials.<ref name=He2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = He W, Tong Y, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Ben H, Qin Q, Huang F, Rong P | title = Review of controlled clinical trials on acupuncture versus sham acupuncture in Germany | journal = Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine | volume = 33 | issue = 3 | pages = 403–07 | date = June 2013 | pmid = 24024341 | doi = 10.1016/s0254-6272(13)60187-9 | display-authors = 4 | doi-access = free }}</ref> For other conditions, insurers in Germany were not convinced that acupuncture had adequate benefits over usual care or sham treatments.<ref name=Porter2013>{{cite book | first = Stuart B. | last = Porter | name-list-style = vanc |page=408 |title=Tidy's Physiotherapy |edition=15 |editor=Stuart B. Porter |publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-0702043444}}</ref> Highlighting the results of the placebo group, researchers refused to accept a placebo therapy as efficient.<ref name="Hinrichs">{{cite book | first1 = TJ | last1 = Hinrichs | first2 = Linda L. | last2 = Barnes | name-list-style = vanc |page=314 |title=Chinese Medicine and Healing: An Illustrated History |edition=1 | editor1-first = TJ | editor1-last = Hinrichs | editor2-first = Linda L. | editor2-last = Barnes |publisher=[[Belknap Press]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-0674047372}}</ref>