Editing AMC Gremlin (section)

=== Hydrogen ===
In 1972 [[University of California, Los Angeles]] researchers won a nationwide Urban Vehicle Design Competition when they modified a 1972 AMC Gremlin to run on hydrogen. The lessons learned are still useful today.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/explore/history/major-research-highlights/ucla-hydrogen-powered-car-wins-1972-urban-vehicle-design-competition/ |title=UCLA Hydrogen Powered Car Wins 1972 Urban Vehicle Design Competition |publisher=Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science History |access-date=June 27, 2014 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20120801030903/http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/explore/history/major-research-highlights/ucla-hydrogen-powered-car-wins-1972-urban-vehicle-design-competition/ |archive-date=August 1, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> The engine was a converted Ford {{convert|351|CID|L|1|abbr=on}} V8 noted for its [[volumetric efficiency]]. Lacking sophisticated electronics and [[Fuel injection|injection systems]], the [[carburetor]] was a modified [[propane]] unit and the {{convert|100|L|usgal|1|adj=on}} [[vacuum flask|"thermos"-type]] hydrogen tank gave the Gremlin a range of {{convert|160|mi|km|0}}.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Peterson |first=William L. |magazine=Popular Mechanics |title=They plan to win with hydrogen |date=August 1972 |volume=138 |issue=2 |pages=40–42 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=NNQDAAAAMBAJ&q=UCLA%20Gremlin&pg=PA40 |access-date=June 27, 2014}}</ref> Tests indicated that the car would not only meet the scheduled 1976 vehicle [[United States emission standards]], but also actually emit slightly cleaner air than it took in.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/explore/history/ucla-engineering-timelines/1965-1974/?searchterm=Gremlin |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110716201155/http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/explore/history/ucla-engineering-timelines/1965-1974/?searchterm=Gremlin |archive-date=July 16, 2011 |title=UCLA Engineering Timelines 1965 - 1974 |publisher=Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science History |access-date=June 27, 2014 }}</ref> As part of the 1972 Urban Vehicle Design Competition, UCLA engineering students also enlarged the side glass area above the rear wheels for improved visibility, designed a roll cage which projected through the Gremlin's roof to double as a roof rack, and designed 5 MPH bumpers with an environmentally-friendly energy-absorbing popcorn core, covered with a recycled-tire tread surface.<ref>{{cite book|chapter-url= http://papers.sae.org/730513/ |chapter=Results of 1972 Urban Vehicle Design Competition |publisher=SAE International |doi=10.4271/730513 |access-date=July 15, 2014| title=SAE Technical Paper Series |year=1973 |last1=McCuen |first1=Charles M. |last2=Matthews |first2=M. Scott |volume=1 }}</ref> In 1984, UCLA's first hydrogen-powered car was sold for one dollar to the [[William F. Harrah]] Automobile Museum in [[Reno, Nevada]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/explore/history/ucla-engineering-timelines/1975-1984/?searchterm=Gremlin |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110716201207/http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/explore/history/ucla-engineering-timelines/1975-1984/?searchterm=Gremlin |archive-date= July 16, 2011 |title=UCLA Engineering Timelines 1975 - 1984 |publisher= Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science History |access-date=June 27, 2014 }}</ref> In 2010, the car was available on an auction site.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Abuelsamid |first1=Sam |title=eBay Find of the Day: Hydrogen-powered 1972 AMC Gremlin by George Barris |url= https://www.autoblog.com/2010/05/27/ebay-find-of-the-day-hydrogen-powered-1972-amc-gremlin-by-georg/ |work=Autoblog |access-date=12 November 2018 |date=27 May 2010}}</ref>