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==Transportation== The [[Tennessee Department of Transportation]] (TDOT) is the primary agency that is tasked with regulating and maintaining Tennessee's transportation infrastructure.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/tdot/documents/TDOT-History.pdf |title = Brief History of TDOT |author = Tennessee Department of Transportation |date = 2014 |publisher = Tennessee Department of Transportation |access-date = April 28, 2020 |archive-date = January 23, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200123205455/https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/tdot/documents/TDOT-History.pdf |url-status = live}}</ref> Tennessee is currently one of five states with no transportation-related debts.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/2016-TN-Infrastructure-Report-Card-Full-Report-Final-1.pdf |title=Report Card for Tennessee's Infrastructure |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=October 2016 |publisher=[[American Society of Civil Engineers]] |access-date=May 25, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Wanser |first1=Brooke |title=TDOT chief says Nashville transit plan overlooked region, highways aren't at full capacity |url=https://www.williamsonhomepage.com/franklin/tdot-chief-says-nashville-transit-plan-overlooked-region-highways-aren-t-at-full-capacity/article_e1055a6e-949f-51e2-af39-2829d3d8fea5.html |access-date=June 20, 2021 |work=Williamson Home Page |date=October 15, 2019 |location=Franklin, Tennessee}}</ref> ===Roads=== {{further|List of Interstate Highways in Tennessee|List of U.S. Highways in Tennessee|List of state highways in Tennessee|Tennessee State Route System}} [[File:I-40 near Nashville Int'l Airport.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Photograph of Interstate 40 in Nashville. Interstate 40 traverses Tennessee from east to west, and serve's the state's three largest cities.|[[Interstate 40 in Tennessee|Interstate 40]] traverses Tennessee from east to west, and serves the state's three largest cities.]] Tennessee has {{convert|96,167|mi|km}} of roads, of which {{convert|14,109|mi|km}} are maintained by the state.<ref name=transoverview>{{cite web |url=https://www.tn.gov/tdot/about/transportation-system-overview.html |title=Transportation System Overview |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=tn.gov |publisher=Tennessee Department of Transportation|access-date=May 25, 2021}}</ref> Of the state's highways, {{convert|1,233|mi|km}} are part of the [[Interstate Highway System]]. Tennessee has no [[toll roads in the United States|tolled]] roads or bridges but has the sixth-highest mileage of [[high-occupancy vehicle lane|high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes]], which are utilized on freeways in the congestion-prone Nashville and Memphis metropolitan areas.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hinds |first=Andrea |date=October 16, 2017 |title=3 Reasons HOV Lanes Are Effective in Washington (and Can Work in Tennessee Too) |url=https://rutherfordsource.com/3-reasons-hov-lanes-effective-washington-can-work-tennessee/ |work=Rutherford Source |location=Murfreesboro, Tennessee |access-date=May 25, 2021}}</ref> [[Interstate 40 in Tennessee|Interstate 40]] (I-40) is the longest Interstate Highway in Tennessee, traversing the state for {{convert|455|mi|km}}.<ref name=fhwa>{{cite web |first = Kevin |last = Adderly |url = https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/national_highway_system/interstate_highway_system/routefinder/table02.cfm |work = Route Log and Finder List |title = Table 2: Auxiliary Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways as of December 31, 2015 |access-date = February 6, 2016 |date = December 31, 2015 |publisher = Federal Highway Administration |archive-date = July 3, 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170703182115/https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/national_highway_system/interstate_highway_system/routefinder/table02.cfm |url-status = live}}</ref> Known as "Tennessee's Main Street", I-40 serves the major cities of Memphis, Nashville, and Knoxville, and throughout its entire length in Tennessee, one can observe the diversity of the state's geography and landforms.<ref name=maertens/>{{sfn|Moore|1994|pp=xxiii–xl}} I-40's branch interstates include [[Interstate 240 (Tennessee)|I-240]] in Memphis; [[Interstate 440 (Tennessee)|I-440]] in Nashville; [[Interstate 840 (Tennessee)|I-840]] around Nashville; [[Pellissippi Parkway|I-140]] from Knoxville to [[Maryville, Tennessee|Maryville]]; and [[I-640]] in Knoxville. In a north–south orientation, from west to east, are interstates [[Interstate 55 in Tennessee|55]], which serves Memphis; [[Interstate 65 in Tennessee|65]], which passes through Nashville; [[Interstate 75 in Tennessee|75]], which serves Chattanooga and Knoxville; and [[Interstate 81 in Tennessee|81]], which begins east of Knoxville, and serves Bristol to the northeast. [[Interstate 24 in Tennessee|I-24]] is an east–west interstate that enters the state in Clarksville, passes through Nashville, and terminates in Chattanooga. [[U.S. Route 23 in Tennessee|I-26]], although technically an east–west interstate, begins in Kingsport and runs southwardly through [[Johnson City, Tennessee|Johnson City]] before exiting into North Carolina. [[Interstate 155 (Missouri-Tennessee)|I-155]] is a branch route of I-55 that serves the northwestern part of the state. [[Interstate 275 (Tennessee)|I-275]] is a short spur route in Knoxville. [[Interstate 269|I-269]] runs from [[Millington, Tennessee|Millington]] to [[Collierville, Tennessee|Collierville]], serving as an outer bypass of Memphis.<ref name=fhwa/><ref name=tdotmap>{{cite map|title = 2020 Official Transportation Map|year = 2020 |url = https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/tdot/maps/state-maps/2020_Transportation_Map.pdf|publisher = Tennessee Department of Transportation|access-date = June 4, 2020}}</ref> ===Airports=== {{main|List of airports in Tennessee}} [[File:FedEx Express Line Up (9300402780).jpg|thumb|right|alt=Photograph of Memphis International Airport, showing a row of FedEx planes|[[Memphis International Airport]], the hub of [[FedEx|FedEx Corporation]], is the busiest cargo airport in the world]] Major airports in Tennessee include [[Nashville International Airport]] (BNA), [[Memphis International Airport]] (MEM), [[McGhee Tyson Airport]] (TYS) outside of Knoxville, [[Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport]] (CHA), [[Tri-Cities Regional Airport]] (TRI) in [[Blountville, Tennessee|Blountville]], and [[McKellar-Sipes Regional Airport]] (MKL) in Jackson. Because Memphis International Airport is the hub of [[FedEx Corporation]], it is the [[World's busiest airport|world's second-busiest cargo airport]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Garland |first=Max |date=April 23, 2021 |title=Memphis International Airport, aided by FedEx, named world's busiest cargo airport in 2020 |url=https://www.commercialappeal.com/story/money/industries/logistics/2021/04/23/memphis-international-airport-cargo-fedex-hong-kong/7348745002/ |work=The Commercial Appeal |location=Memphis |access-date=May 25, 2021}}</ref> The state also has 74 [[general aviation]] airports and 148 [[heliport]]s.<ref name=transoverview/> ===Railroads=== {{main|List of Tennessee railroads}} For passenger rail service, Memphis and [[Newbern, Tennessee|Newbern]] are served by the [[Amtrak]] [[City of New Orleans (train)|City of New Orleans]] line on its run between [[Chicago]] and [[New Orleans]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Holley |first=Jessica |date=January 16, 2020 |title=Amtrak proposes new routes, trains for Tennessee |url=https://www.wmcactionnews5.com/2020/01/16/amtrak-proposes-new-routes-trains-tennessee/ |work=WMC-TV |location=Memphis |access-date=May 25, 2021}}</ref> Nashville is served by the [[WeGo Star]] [[commuter rail]] service.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Humbles |first1=Andy |title=Music City Star upgrades closer for Wilson and East Davidson county train service |url=https://www.tennessean.com/story/news/local/wilson/2020/07/02/music-city-star-upgrades-unveiled-wilson-and-east-davidson-county-riders/3282039001/ |access-date=July 23, 2021 |work=The Tennessean |date=July 2, 2020 |location=Nashville}}</ref> Tennessee currently has {{convert|2,604|mi|km}} of freight trackage in operation,<ref>{{cite web |title=Freight Rail in Your State |url=https://www.aar.org/data-center/railroads-states/ |website=aar.org |publisher=Association of American Railroads |access-date=May 27, 2021 |location=Washington, D.C.}}</ref> most of which are owned by [[CSX Transportation]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Printable System Map |url=https://www.csx.com/index.cfm/library/files/customers/maps/printable-system-map/ |publisher=CSX Transportation |access-date=July 23, 2021 |date=2016}}</ref> [[Norfolk Southern Railway]] also operates lines in East and southwestern Tennessee.<ref>{{cite web |title=2016 System Map Print |url=http://nscorp.com/content/dam/nscorp/maps/2016-system-map-print.pdf |publisher=Norfolk Southern Railway |access-date=July 23, 2021 |date=2016 |archive-date=August 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801092247/http://www.nscorp.com/content/dam/nscorp/maps/2016-system-map-print.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[BNSF]] operates a major [[transport hub|intermodal facility]] in Memphis. ===Waterways=== Tennessee has a total of {{convert|976|mi|km}} of [[Inland waterways of the United States|navigable waterways]], the 11th highest in the nation.<ref name=transoverview/> These include the [[Mississippi River|Mississippi]], [[Tennessee River|Tennessee]], and [[Cumberland River|Cumberland]] rivers.<ref>{{cite report |date=2019 |title=Economic Impact of Tennessee's Inland Waterways |url=https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/tdot/freight-and-logistics/HO_WaterwaysProfile_TN.pdf |publisher=National Waterways Foundation|access-date=May 25, 2021}}</ref> Five inland ports are located in the state, including the [[Port of Memphis]], which is the fifth-largest in the United States and the second largest on the Mississippi River.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |title=New Master Plan Charts Course For Port Of Memphis For Coming Decades |url=https://www.waterwaysjournal.net/2019/04/16/new-master-plan-charts-course-for-port-of-memphis-for-coming-decades/ |work=Waterways Journal |date=April 16, 2019 |access-date=May 25, 2021}}</ref>
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