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== Public spaces == Tatarstan takes a unique participatory approach to the development of public spaces that has earned it recognition. The Tatarstan Public Spaces Development Programme aims to create spaces for meeting or recreation.<ref name=":3" /> The programme covers a wide spectrum of projects, including streets, squares, parks, river banks, pavilions, and sports facilities.<ref name=":3" /> Since 2016<ref name=":3" /> (and continuing until 2022)<!-- Should this be simply from 2016 to 2022? -->, the Architecturny Desant Architectural Bureau in Kazan<ref name="p1RiR" /> has improved public spaces in each of Tatarstan's 45 municipal districts, from large cities to small villages.<ref name="XOrC3" /> As of April 2019, the project had revamped 328 public spaces.<ref name=":1" /> By creating and rehabilitating public spaces, the programme aims to be a catalyst for positive social, economic, and environmental change.<ref name=":2" /> One notable example is the "Beach" at Almetyevsk, which includes public swimming pools and a terrace.<ref name=":3" /> Other examples include an amphitheatre in Black Lake Park, Kazan; the Central Square in Bavly; a children's playground in Bogatye Saby village, which has a unique wooden play structure; the Cube container centre in the green beach at Gorkinsko-Ometievsky forest, Kazan; and the square on Festival Boulevard, Kazan.<ref name=":2" /> The programme<!-- The project above? --> used an innovative participatory design approach,<ref name=":4" /> which later became mandatory for similar projects across Russia.<ref name=":2" /> This approach partners specialists with local residents at every stage of the project, from development, to implementation, to the ongoing use of the space.<ref name=":4" /> The Tatarstan Public Spaces Development Programme was announced as one of the six winners of the 2019 [[Aga Khan Award for Architecture]].<ref name="qptrb" /><ref name="3I2dt" /><ref name="k3y4s" /> The jury was impressed by the programme's systematic approach and involvement of residents to decide the future of each space.<ref name=":4" /><ref name="EYLTb" /> Each public space expresses the unique identity of that particular place,<ref name=":2" /> tying in its history while incorporating traditional materials.<ref name=":4" /> Major goals of the projects include improving the quality of life for residents and improving the environment.<ref name=":4" /> The Arhitekturnyi Desant team aims to provide a high quality public space, no matter the size of the settlement, including quality design, infrastructure, and materials.<ref name=":4" /> Spending on the public spaces projects is helping the local economy.{{when|date=March 2020}}<ref name=":3" /> The number of street furniture manufacturers in the area, for example, has increased from 12 to 75 since the programme started.<ref name=":3" />
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