Editing Tamil Nadu (section)

== Economy ==
{{Main|Economy of Tamil Nadu}}
The economy of the state consistently exceeded national average growth rates, due to [[Economic reforms in India|reform-oriented]] economic policies in the 1970s.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.icrier.org/pdf/wp144.pdf|title=Economic Growth in Indian States|publisher=ICRIER|first=K.L.|last=Krishna|date=September 2004|access-date=22 July 2015|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032647/http://www.icrier.org/pdf/wp144.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of|2023|24}}, Tamil Nadu's [[Gross state product|GSDP]] was {{INRConvert|27.22|t|lk=r}}, [[List of Indian states and union territories by GDP|second]] highest amongst Indian states, which had grown significantly from {{INRConvert|2.19|t|lk=r}} in 2004.<ref name="GSDP">{{cite report|url=https://esankhyiki.mospi.gov.in/datacatalogue/NASdata/SDP/SDP-as%20on%2001.08.2024/State_wise_SDP-01082024_GSDP_Current.xlsx|title=Gross State Domestic Product (Current Prices)|publisher=[[Government of India]]|access-date=1 November 2024}}</ref> The per-capita [[List of Indian states and union territories by GDP per capita|NDSP]] is {{INRConvert|315220|lk=r}}.<ref name="NSDP">{{cite report|url=https://mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/press_releases_statements/State_wise_SDP_as_on_15032024.xls|title=Per Capita Net State Domestic Product (Current Prices)|publisher=[[Government of India]]|access-date=1 November 2024}}</ref> Tamil Nadu is the most urbanized state in India.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2021/jan/02/tamil-nadu-is-the-most-urbanised-state-in-india-says-eps-2244327.html|title=Tamil Nadu the most urbanised State says EPS|date=2 January 2021|access-date=10 September 2023|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=21 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121175637/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2021/jan/02/tamil-nadu-is-the-most-urbanised-state-in-india-says-eps-2244327.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Though the state had the lowest percentage of people under the poverty line, rural unemployment rate is considerably higher at 47 per thousand compared to the national average of 28.<ref name="PL"/><ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22079|title=Rural unemployment rate|publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094648/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22079|url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of|2020}}, the state had the most number of factories at 38,837 units with an engaged work-force of 2.6 million.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22178|title=Number of factories|publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094646/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22178|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22185|title=Engaged workforce|publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094649/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22185|url-status=live}}</ref>

The state has a diversified industrial base anchored by different sectors including [[automobile]]s, [[software services]], [[Electronic hardware|hardware]], [[textiles]], [[healthcare]] and [[financial services]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Making Tamil Nadu future ready|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/making-tamil-nadu-future-ready/articleshow/96338870.cms|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|date=15 October 2022|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=3 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603084703/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/making-tamil-nadu-future-ready/articleshow/96338870.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|url=https://dcmsme.gov.in/publications/traderep/chennai/chennai8.htm|title=Industrial potential in Chennai|publisher=[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=27 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327011055/http://www.dcmsme.gov.in/publications/traderep/chennai/chennai8.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of|2022}}, services contributed to 55% of the GSDP followed by manufacturing at 32% and agriculture at 13%.<ref name="TNB">{{cite report|url=https://prsindia.org/budgets/states/tamil-nadu-budget-analysis-2023-24|title=Tamil Nadu Budget analysis|publisher=[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=29 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529111112/https://prsindia.org/budgets/states/tamil-nadu-budget-analysis-2023-24|url-status=live}}</ref> There are 42 [[Special Economic Zone]]s (SEZ) in the state.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.mepz.gov.in/listSEZTN.html|title=List of SEZs|publisher=[[Government of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=15 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715084509/https://www.mepz.gov.in/listSEZTN.html|url-status=live}}</ref> As per a report by Government of India, Tamil Nadu is the most export competitive state of India in 2023.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.livemint.com/economy/what-india-s-top-exporting-states-have-done-right-11689788707048.html|title=What India's top exporting states have done right|date=19 July 2023|access-date=1 December 2023|newspaper=Mint|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094647/https://www.livemint.com/economy/what-india-s-top-exporting-states-have-done-right-11689788707048.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Services===
[[File:Tid.jpg|thumb|[[Tidel Park]], the first [[Information Technology|IT]] [[Special Economic Zone]] in the state]] 

{{As of|2022}}, the state is amongst the major [[Information technology]] (IT) exporters of India with a value of {{INRconvert|576.87|b}}.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://factly.in/data-karnataka-tamil-nadu-maharashtra-telangana-account-for-more-than-80-of-indias-software-exports/|title=Data: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra & Telangana Account for More Than 80% of India's Software Exports|date=4 July 2023|access-date=1 December 2023|work=Factly|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094647/https://factly.in/data-karnataka-tamil-nadu-maharashtra-telangana-account-for-more-than-80-of-indias-software-exports/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Chennai emerging as India's Silicon Valley?|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Infotech/Software/Chennai_emerging_as_Indias_Silicon_Valley/articleshow/3000410.cms|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=1 May 2008|access-date=28 December 2012|first=Rajesh|last=Chandramouli|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820000027/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Infotech/Software/Chennai_emerging_as_Indias_Silicon_Valley/articleshow/3000410.cms|archive-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> Established in 2000, [[Tidel Park]] in Chennai was amongst the first and largest IT parks in Asia.<ref>{{cite news|title=PM opens Asia's largest IT park|url=https://www.ciol.com/pm-asias-largest-it-park-chennai/|date=4 July 2000|publisher=CIOL|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=9 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209062949/https://www.ciol.com/pm-asias-largest-it-park-chennai/|url-status=live}}</ref> The presence of [[Special Economic Zone|SEZ]]s and government policies have contributed to the growth of the sector which has attracted foreign investments and job seekers from other parts of the country.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/after-delhi-maharastra-tn-received-highest-fdi-equity-inflows-in-fy15-114113000130_1.html|title=Maharashtra tops FDI equity inflows|newspaper=[[Business Standard]]|date=1 December 2012|access-date=22 July 2015|archive-date=23 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723070339/http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/after-delhi-maharastra-tn-received-highest-fdi-equity-inflows-in-fy15-114113000130_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/tamil-nadu-a-small-step-in-inclusivity-a-giant-leap-in-industry/articleshow/99926653.cms|title=Tamil Nadu: A small step in inclusivity, a giant leap in India|date=2 May 2023|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=9 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209064452/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/tamil-nadu-a-small-step-in-inclusivity-a-giant-leap-in-industry/articleshow/99926653.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> In the 2020s, Chennai has become a major provider of [[Software as a service|SaaS]] and has been dubbed the "SaaS Capital of India".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.crayondata.com/heres-why-chennai-is-the-saas-capital-of-india/|title=Here's why Chennai is the SAAS capital of India|date=24 August 2018|access-date=1 December 2023|publisher=Crayon|archive-date=6 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506031522/https://www.crayondata.com/heres-why-chennai-is-the-saas-capital-of-india/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/a-silent-saas-revolution-is-brewing-in-chennai/articleshow/67583586.cms|title=A silent SaaS revolution is brewing in Chennai|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=15 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515030121/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/a-silent-saas-revolution-is-brewing-in-chennai/articleshow/67583586.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

The state has two [[stock exchange]]s, [[Coimbatore Stock Exchange]], established in 2013, and [[Madras Stock Exchange]], established in 2015 and India's third-largest by trading volume.<ref>{{cite news|title=Investors told to go in for long term investment, index funds|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/investors-told-to-go-in-for-long-term-investment-index-funds/article3222777.ece|date=25 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=28 December 2012|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804024931/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/investors-told-to-go-in-for-long-term-investment-index-funds/article3222777.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sebi.gov.in/stock-exchanges.html|title=List of Stock exchanges|publisher=SEBI|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=28 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828151333/https://www.sebi.gov.in/stock-exchanges.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[The Madras Bank (1683)|Madras Bank]], the first European-style banking system in India, was established on 21 June 1683, followed by the first commercial banks such as Bank of Hindustan (1770) and General Bank of India (1786).<ref>{{cite news|last=Mukund|first=Kanakalatha|title=Insight into the progress of banking|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai|date=3 April 2007|url=http://www.hindu.com/br/2007/04/03/stories/2007040300301600.htm|access-date=28 December 2012|archive-date=1 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701143955/http://www.hindu.com/br/2007/04/03/stories/2007040300301600.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Bank of Madras]] merged with two other presidency banks to form the [[Imperial Bank of India]] in 1921 which in 1955 became the [[State Bank of India]], the largest bank in India.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kumar|first=Shiv|title=200 years and going strong|newspaper=The Tribune|date=26 June 2005|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050626/spectrum/main1.htm|access-date=28 December 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804210248/https://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050626/spectrum/main1.htm|archive-date=4 August 2020}}</ref> More than 400 financial industry businesses including three [[Banking in India|banks]] are headquartered in the state.<ref>{{cite news|last=Shivakumar|first=C.|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2018/feb/28/chennai-finance-city-taking-shape-1779935.html|title=Chennai Finance City taking shape|newspaper=[[New Indian Express]]|date=28 February 2018|access-date=17 March 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107162239/https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2018/feb/28/chennai-finance-city-taking-shape-1779935.html|archive-date=7 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Shivakumar|first=C.|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2019/jun/08/state-of-the-art-commerce-hub-likely-on-anna-salai-1987448.html|title=State-of-the-art commerce hub likely on Anna Salai|newspaper=[[New Indian Express]]|date=8 June 2019|access-date=1 March 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921100423/https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2019/jun/08/state-of-the-art-commerce-hub-likely-on-anna-salai-1987448.html|archive-date=21 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/indian-banks-and-their-headquarters-1690786564-1|title=Indian Banks and their Headquarters|date=31 July 2023 |publisher=Jagran Josh|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> The state hosts the [[Reserve Bank of India, South Zonal Office|south zonal office]] of the [[Reserve Bank of India]], the country's central bank, along with its zonal training centre and staff college at Chennai.<ref>{{cite web|title=RBI staff college|publisher=Reserve Bank of India|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/rbsc.aspx|access-date=28 December 2022|archive-date=30 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130123403/https://rbi.org.in/Scripts/rbsc.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> There is a [[World Bank office, Chennai|permanent back office]] of the [[World Bank]] in the state.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/world-bank-expands-footprint-in-city-adds-70k-sqft-back-office-space/articleshow/54860801.cms|title=World Bank expands footprint in city, adds 70k sqft back office|date=5 October 2015|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|access-date=28 December 2022|archive-date=9 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209064452/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/world-bank-expands-footprint-in-city-adds-70k-sqft-back-office-space/articleshow/54860801.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Manufacturing===
[[File:Arjun MBT bump track test 2.JPG|thumb|[[Arjun (tank)|Arjun]] battle tanks are manufactured by [[Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited|AVANI]] in Chennai]]

Manufacturing in various sectors is governed by the state owned industrial corporation [[Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation]] (TIDCO) apart from central government owned companies. Electronics hardware is a major manufacturing industry with an output of $5.37 billion in 2023, largest amongst Indian states.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/tamil-nadu-emerges-as-top-exporter-of-electronic-goods-tripling-in-a-year-101688499546169.html|title=TN tops in electronic goods' export|date=5 July 2023|access-date=1 December 2023|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|archive-date=9 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209062949/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/tamil-nadu-emerges-as-top-exporter-of-electronic-goods-tripling-in-a-year-101688499546169.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/101381471.cms|title=In a first, Tamil Nadu overtakes UP and Karnataka to emerge first|date=1 June 2023|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=3 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603084625/https://ssum-sec.casalemedia.com/usermatch?d=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2F&s=184674&cb=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.indexww.com%2Fht%2Fhtw-pixel.gif%3F|url-status=live}}</ref> A large number of automotive companies have their manufacturing bases in the state with the [[automotive industry in Chennai]] accounting for more than 35% of India's overall automotive components and automobile output, earning the nickname "[[Detroit of India]]".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/special-videos/chennai-the-next-global-auto-manufacturing-hub_539405.html|title=Chennai: The next global auto manufacturing hub?|work=CNBC-TV18|access-date=28 December 2012|date=27 April 2011|publisher=[[CNBC]]|archive-date=11 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111093534/http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/special-videos/chennai-the-next-global-auto-manufacturing-hub_539405.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rediff.com/money/2000/oct/25cars.htm|title=Madras, the Detroit of South Asia|publisher=[[Rediff]]|date=30 April 2004|access-date=22 July 2015|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924133843/http://www.rediff.com/money/2000/oct/25cars.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=U.S. International Trade Commission|title=Competitive Conditions for Foreign Direct Investment in India, Staff Research Study #30|year=2007|publisher=DIANE Publishing|isbn=978-1-457-81829-5|pages=2–10|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hMIo-FZXCYEC&pg=SA2-PA10|access-date=25 December 2023|archive-date=28 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328173000/https://books.google.com/books?id=hMIo-FZXCYEC&pg=SA2-PA10#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Integral Coach Factory]] in Chennai manufactures railway coaches and other rolling stock for [[Indian Railways]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Profile, Integral Coach Factory|publisher=[[Indian Railways]]|url=https://icf.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,294|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=9 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209062951/https://icf.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,294|url-status=live}}</ref>

Another major industry is textiles with the state being home to more than half of the operating fiber textile mills in India.<ref>{{cite press release|title=State wise number of Textile Mills|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=108277|publisher=[[Government of India]]|date=7 August 2014|access-date=23 January 2023|archive-date=1 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901165437/https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=108277|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Lok Sabha Elections 2014: Erode has potential to become a textile heaven says Narendra Modi|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-lok-sabha-elections-2014-erode-has-potential-to-become-a-textile-heaven-says-narendra-modi-1979317|newspaper=DNA India|date=17 April 2014|access-date=20 March 2016|archive-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119120152/http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-lok-sabha-elections-2014-erode-has-potential-to-become-a-textile-heaven-says-narendra-modi-1979317|url-status=live}}</ref> Coimbatore is often referred to as the ''[[Manchester]] of [[South India]]'' due to its cotton production and textile industries.<ref>{{cite news|title=SME sector: Opportunities, challenges in Coimbatore|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/sme-sector-opportunities-challengescoimbatore_525889.html|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=CNBC-TV18|date=24 February 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110311111630/http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/sme-sector-opportunities-challengescoimbatore_525889.html|archive-date=11 March 2011}}</ref> {{As of|2022}}, Tiruppur exported garments worth US$480 billion, contributing to nearly 54% of the all the textile exports from India and the city is known as the ''knitwear capital'' due to its cotton knitwear export.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/podcast/economy-policy/how-can-india-replicate-the-success-of-tiruppur-in-75-other-places-122062900071_1.html|title=How can India replicate the success of Tiruppur in 75 other places?|newspaper=Business Standard|access-date=1 November 2023|archive-date=1 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201064216/https://www.business-standard.com/podcast/economy-policy/how-can-india-replicate-the-success-of-tiruppur-in-75-other-places-122062900071_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Brief Industrial Profile of Tiruppur district|url=http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/IPS%20Tiruppur%202012.pdf|website=DCMSME|publisher=Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Industries, Government of India|access-date=3 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304101505/http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/IPS%20Tiruppur%202012.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> {{As of|2015}}, the textile industry in Tamil Nadu accounts for 17% of the total invested capital in all the industries.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/new-textile-policy-on-the-anvil/article7458741.ece|title=New textile policy on the anvil|author=Sangeetha Kandavel|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=25 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904023012/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/new-textile-policy-on-the-anvil/article7458741.ece|archive-date=4 September 2015|url-status=live|date=24 July 2015}}</ref> {{As of|2021}}, 40% of leather goods exported from India worth {{INRconvert|92.52|b}} are being manufactured in the state.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/94015664.cms|title=TN to account for 60% of India's leather exports in two year|date=6 September 2022|access-date=1 December 2023|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=3 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603084710/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/tn-to-account-for-60-of-indias-leather-exports-in-two-years/articleshow/94015664.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The state supplies two-thirds of India's requirements of motors and pumps, and is one of the largest exporters of [[wet grinder]]s with "[[Coimbatore Wet Grinder]]", a recognized [[Geographical indication]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/Poor-sales-hit-pump-unit-owners-workers/articleshow/47423911.cms|title=Poor sales hit pump unit owners, workers|access-date=28 June 2015|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=26 May 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150604112159/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/Poor-sales-hit-pump-unit-owners-workers/articleshow/47423911.cms|archive-date=4 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.livemint.com/Industry/r8UaiAN7APhsLubxdYWgOL/Poll-code-set-to-hit-business-of-Coimbatores-wetgrinder-ma.html|title=Poll code set to hit wet grinders business|newspaper=Live Mint|date=6 August 2015|access-date=20 September 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150820234015/http://www.livemint.com/Industry/r8UaiAN7APhsLubxdYWgOL/Poll-code-set-to-hit-business-of-Coimbatores-wetgrinder-ma.html|archive-date=20 August 2015}}</ref>

There are two ordnance factories in Aruvankadu and [[Ordnance Factory Tiruchirappalli|Tiruchirappalli]].<ref>{{cite news|agency=PTI|date=28 September 2021|title=Govt. dissolves Ordnance Factory Board, transfers assets to 7 PSUs|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/govt-dissolves-ordnance-factory-board-transfers-assets-to-7-psus/article36707478.ece|access-date=28 September 2021|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=28 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928140631/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/govt-dissolves-ordnance-factory-board-transfers-assets-to-7-psus/article36707478.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release|title=Seven new defence companies carved out of OFB|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1764148#:~:text=of%20the%20country.-,The%20seven%20new%20Defence%20companies%20are%3A%20Munitions%20India%20Limited%20(MIL,Gliders%20India%20Limited%20(GIL)|access-date=1 December 2023|date=15 October 2021|publisher=[[Government of India]]|archive-date=6 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406005242/https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1764148#:~:text=of%20the%20country.-,The%20seven%20new%20Defence%20companies%20are%3A%20Munitions%20India%20Limited%20(MIL,Gliders%20India%20Limited%20(GIL)|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited|AVANI]], headquartered in Chennai, manufactures [[armoured fighting vehicle]]s, [[main battle tank]]s, tank engines and armored clothing for the use of the [[Indian Armed Forces]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Roche|first1=Elizabeth|title=New defence PSUs will help India become self-reliant: PM|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/pm-urges-restructured-defence-units-to-help-india-become-military-industry-power-11634288891758.html|access-date=16 October 2021|work=mint|date=15 October 2021|archive-date=22 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122133224/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/pm-urges-restructured-defence-units-to-help-india-become-military-industry-power-11634288891758.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Pubby|first1=Manu|title=Modi to launch seven new PSUs this week, Defence Ministry approves Rs 65,000-crore orders|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/seven-new-psus-this-week-defence-ministry-approves-rs-65000-cr-orders/articleshow/86946027.cms|access-date=16 October 2021|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=12 October 2021|archive-date=14 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230514175130/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/seven-new-psus-this-week-defence-ministry-approves-rs-65000-cr-orders/articleshow/86946027.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> [[ISRO]], the Indian space agency, operates a propulsion facility at [[ISRO Propulsion Complex|Mahendragiri]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ojha|first=N.N.|title=India in Space, Science & Technology|publisher=Chronicle Books|pages=110–143|location=New Delhi}}</ref>

===Agriculture===
[[File:Rice Paddy Fields in Tamil Nadu.jpg|thumb|[[Rice]] is the staple food grain and the state is one of the largest producers in India]]

Agriculture contributes 13% to the GSDP and is a major employment generator in rural areas.<ref name="TNB"/> {{As of|2022}}, the state had 6.34 million hectares under cultivation.<ref name="Agri">{{cite report|url=https://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/documents/agri_e_pn_2023_24.pdf|title=Department of Agriculture, Policy document, 2023-24|publisher=[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=1 December 2023|page=12|archive-date=1 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201032934/https://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/documents/agri_e_pn_2023_24.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22119|title=State-wise Pattern of Land Use - Gross Sown Area|publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094653/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22119|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Rice]] is the staple food grain with the state being one of the largest producers in India with an output of 7.9 million tonnes in 2021–22.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22124|title=State-wise Production of Foodgrains - Rice|publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094655/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22124|url-status=live}}</ref> The Kaveri delta region is known as the ''Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thanjavur.nic.in/history/|title=Thanjavur, history|publisher=[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=22 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922223302/https://thanjavur.nic.in/history/|url-status=live}}</ref> Among non-food grains, [[sugarcane]] is the major crop with an annual output of 16.1 million tonnes in 2021–22.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22131|title=State-wise Production of Non-Foodgrains - Sugercane|publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094647/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22131|url-status=live}}</ref> The state is a producer of [[spices]] and is the top producer of [[oil seed]]s, [[tapioca]], [[clove]]s and [[flower]]s in India.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://investingintamilnadu.com/DIGIGOV/TN-pages/why-tn.jsp?pagedisp=static|title=Why Tamil Nadu|publisher=[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094651/https://investingintamilnadu.com/DIGIGOV/TN-pages/why-tn.jsp?pagedisp=static|url-status=live}}</ref> The state accounts for 6.5% of fruit and 4.2% of vegetables production in the country.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22140|title=State-wise Production of Fruits|publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094657/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22140|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22141|title=State-wise Production of Vegetables|publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094651/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22141|url-status=live}}</ref> The state is a leading producer of [[banana]] and [[mango]] with more than 78% of the area under fruit cultivation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tnhorticulture.tn.gov.in/stateprofile|title=State profile|publisher=[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=3 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603084711/https://tnhorticulture.tn.gov.in/stateprofile|url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of|2019}}, the state was the second largest producer in India of [[rubber|natural rubber]] and [[coconut]]s.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1578142|title=Production of Natural Rubber|date=10 July 2019|publisher=[[Government of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=1 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201204805/https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1578142|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Tea]] is a popular crop in hill-stations with the state being a major producer of a unique flavored [[Nilgiri tea]].<ref>{{cite report|url=http://www.teauction.com/statistics/indprodstate.asp|title=Production of Tea in India During And Up to August 2002|publisher=Teauction|year=2002|access-date=10 September 2012|archive-date=6 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406125111/http://www.teauction.com/statistics/indprodstate.asp|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|pages=84–85|title=The Tea Book: Experience the World s Finest Teas, Qualities, Infusions, Rituals, Recipes|last=Gaylard|first=Linda|publisher=[[DK (publisher)|DK]]|year=2015|isbn=978-1-465-43606-1}}</ref>

{{As of|2022}}, the state is the largest producer in India of [[poultry]] and [[eggs as food|eggs]] with an annual production of 20.8 billion units, contributing to more than 16% of the national output.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22158|title=State-wise Production of Eggs|publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094652/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22158|url-status=live}}</ref> The state has a fishermen population of 1.05 million and the coast consists of 3 major fishing harbors, 3 medium fishing harbors and 363 fish landing centres.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/12th_fyp_tn/2.%20Agriculture%20and%20Allied%20Sectors/2_8.pdf|title=Agriculture allied sectors|publisher=[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094650/https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/12th_fyp_tn/2.%20Agriculture%20and%20Allied%20Sectors/2_8.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of|2022}}, the fishing output was 0.8 million tonnes with a contribution of 5% to the total fish production in India.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22159|title=State-wise Production of Eggs|publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094656/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22159|url-status=live}}</ref> Aquaculture includes [[shrimp]], [[sea weed]], [[mussel]], [[clam]] and [[oyster]] farming across more than 6000 hectares.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fisheries.tn.gov.in/Aquaculture|title=Tamil Nadu fisheries department, Aquaculture|publisher=[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=1 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225094648/https://www.fisheries.tn.gov.in/Aquaculture|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[M. S. Swaminathan]], known as the "father of the Indian [[Green Revolution in India|Green Revolution]]" was from Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gopalkrishnan|first1=G|title=M.S. Swaminathan: One Man's Quest for a Hunger-free World|date=2002|publisher=Education Development Centre|oclc=643489739|page=14}}</ref>