Editing Supply chain management (section)

== Skills and competencies ==
Supply chain professionals need to have knowledge of managing supply chain functions such as transportation, [[warehousing]], [[Field inventory management|inventory management]], and [[production planning]]. In the past, supply chain professionals emphasized [[logistics]] skills, such as knowledge of [[shipping]] routes, familiarity with warehousing equipment and [[distribution center]] locations and footprints, and a solid grasp of [[freight rate]]s and fuel costs. More recently, supply chain management extends to logistical support across firms and management of global supply chains.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scmr.com/article/skills_and_competencies_that_supply_chain_professionals_will_need|title=Skills and Competencies That Supply Chain Professionals Will Need|website=www.scmr.com|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref> Supply chain professionals need to have an understanding of [[business continuity]] basics and strategies,<ref>Betty A. Kildow (2011), Supply Chain Management Guide to Business Continuity, American Management Association, {{ISBN|9780814416457}}</ref> and Tramarico ''et al'' noted that several processes from other disciplinary theories, including the resource-based view, supply chain design and interorganizational relationships are integral to a mature understanding of supply chain management.<ref>Tramarico, C. L. ''et al''., [https://www.scielo.br/j/prod/a/LW3fNxVVCTLTqT5c59RtCfn/?format=pdf&lang=en Multi-criteria analysis of professional education on supply chain management], ''Production'', 29, e20180087, 2019, page 5, accessed 30 July 2023</ref> A shortage of skilled supply chain professionals was highlighted in a study by the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] published in 2010, which highlighted plentiful supply of staff with "narrow technical skillsets" but shortages in the numbers of job applicants with "broader business skills".<ref>Wailgum, T., [https://www.cio.com/article/282721/enterprise-software-supply-chain-talent-in-demand-and-out-of-stock.html Supply Chain Talent: In Demand and Out of Stock?], ''[[CIO (magazine)|CIO]]'', published 15 November 2010, accessed 28 August 2023</ref><ref>Cottrill, K., [https://ctl.mit.edu/sites/default/files/library/public/MIT_WP_SC_Talent.pdf Are You Prepared for the Supply Chain Talent Crisis?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828225731/https://ctl.mit.edu/sites/default/files/library/public/MIT_WP_SC_Talent.pdf |date=2023-08-28 }}, ''MIT Center for Transportation & Logistics'', Fall 2010, accessed 28 August 2023</ref>

===Certification===
Individuals working in supply chain management can attain [[professional certification]] by passing an exam developed by a third party certification organization. The purpose of certification is to guarantee a certain level of expertise in the field. The knowledge needed to pass a certification exam may be gained from several sources. Some knowledge may come from college courses, but most of it is acquired from a mix of on-the-job learning experiences, attending industry events, learning best practices with their peers, and reading books and articles in the field.<ref>Colin Scott (2011), Guide to Supply Chain Management, Springer, {{ISBN|9783642176753}}</ref> Certification organizations may provide certification workshops tailored to their exams.<ref>Carol Ptak & Chad Smith (2011), Orlicky's 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill {{ISBN|978-0-07-175563-4}}</ref>

=== University rankings ===
The following North American universities rank high in their master's education in the SCM World University 100 ranking, which was published in 2017 and which is based on the opinions of supply chain managers: [[Michigan State University]], [[Penn State University]], [[University of Tennessee]], [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]], [[Arizona State University]], [[University of Texas at Austin]] and [[Western Michigan University]]. In the same ranking, the following European universities rank high: [[Cranfield School of Management]], [[Vlerick Business School]], [[INSEAD]], [[Cambridge University]], [[Eindhoven University of Technology]], [[London Business School]] and [[Copenhagen Business School]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scmworld.com/top-100-universities|title=University 100 - SCM World|access-date=26 July 2017|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703154240/http://www.scmworld.com/top-100-universities|url-status=dead}}</ref> 

The following universities rank high in the 2016 [[Eduniversal]] Best Masters ranking for supply chain and logistics: [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]], [[KEDGE Business School]], [[Purdue University]], [[Rotterdam School of Management]], [[Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru]], [[Universidade Nova de Lisboa]], [[Vienna University of Economics and Business]] and [[Copenhagen Business School]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.best-masters.com/ranking-master-supply-chain-and-logistics.html|title=Choose a Master, an MS or an MBA in Supply Chain and Logistics|website=www.best-masters.com|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref>

=== Organizations ===
A number of organizations provide certification in supply chain management, such as the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP),<ref>{{cite web| url = https://cscmp.org/| title = Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals}}</ref> IIPMR (International Institute for Procurement and Market Research), [[APICS]] (the Association for Operations Management), ISCEA ([[International Supply Chain Education Alliance]]) and IoSCM (Institute of Supply Chain Management). APICS' certification is called ''Certified Supply Chain Professional'', or CSCP, and ISCEA's certification is called the ''Certified Supply Chain Manager'' (CSCM), CISCM (Chartered Institute of Supply Chain Management) awards certificate as ''Chartered Supply Chain Management Professional'' (CSCMP). Another, the Institute for Supply Management, is developing one called the ''Certified Professional in Supply Management'' (CPSM)<ref name=Jacoby>David Jacoby, 2009, Guide to Supply Chain Management: How Getting it Right Boosts Corporate Performance (The Economist Books), Bloomberg Press; 1st edition, {{ISBN|9781576603451}}. Chapter 10, Organising, training and developing staff</ref> focused on the procurement and sourcing areas of supply chain management. The Supply Chain Management Association (SCMA) is the main certifying body for Canada with the designations having global reciprocity. The designation Supply Chain Management Professional (SCMP) is the title of the supply chain leadership designation.

==== Topics addressed by selected professional supply chain certification programmes ====
{{split|Comparison of supply chain certification programmes|date=October 2017|section=list|discuss=Talk:Supply chain management/Archives/2017#Comparison of supply chain certification programmes}}
The following table compares topics addressed by selected professional supply chain certification programmes.<ref name=Jacoby />

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Awarding body
! {{verth|[[Chartered Institute of Procurement & Supply]] (CIPS)}}
! {{verth|Supply Chain Management Association (SCMA)<br/>Supply Chain Management Professional (SCMP)}}
! {{verth|International Institute for Procurement and Market Research (IIPMR)<br/>Certified Supply Chain Specialist (CSCS)<br/>and Certified Procurement Professional (CPP)}}
! {{verth|[[Institute for Supply Management]] (ISM)<br/>Certified Professional in Supply Management (CPSM)}}
! {{verth|The Association for Operations Management (APICS)<br/>Certified Supply Chain Professional (CSCP)}}
! {{verth|[[International Supply Chain Education Alliance]] (ISCEA)<br/>Certified Supply Chain Manager (CSCM)}}
! {{verth|American Society of Transportation and Logistics (AST&L)<br/>Certification in Transportation and Logistics (CTL)}}
! {{verth|The Association for Operations Management (APICS)<br/>Certified Production and Inventory Management (CPIM)}}
! {{verth|[[International Supply Chain Education Alliance]] (ISCEA)<br/>Certified Supply Chain Analyst (CSCA)}}
! {{verth|Institute of Supply Chain Management (IOSCM)}}
! {{verth|[[Institute for Supply Management]] (ISM)<br/>Certified Purchasing Manager (CPM)}}
! {{verth|[[International Supply Chain Education Alliance]] (ISCEA)<br/>Certified Demand Driven Planner (CDDP)}}
! {{verth|Chartered Institute of Supply Chain Management (CISCM)<br/>awards certificate as<br/>Chartered Supply Chain Management Professional (CSCMP)}}
|-
| [[Procurement]] || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Strategic sourcing]] || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[New product development]] || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| Production, lot sizing || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Quality (business)|Quality]] || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Lean Six Sigma]] || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}}
|-
| [[Inventory]] management || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Warehouse]] management || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Network design]] || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}}
|-
| Transportation || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Demand management]], [[Sales and operations planning|S&OP]] || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| Integrated SCM || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Customer relationship management|CRM]], [[customer service]] || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Pricing]] || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || Yes || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Risk management]] || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}}
|-
| [[Project management]] || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Leadership]], people management || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| Technology || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| [[Theory of constraints]] || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}}
|-
| Operational accounting || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{yes2|High}} || {{no2|Low}} || {{no2|Low}}
|}