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== Casualties == State terrorism, with its institutionalized instrumentation of terrorist atrocities through [[massacre]]s, [[genocide]]s, [[forced disappearances]], [[carpet bombing]]s, [[torture]] and sponsorship of death squads, is a deadlier form of terrorism than non-state terrorism.<ref>{{cite book |last=Martin |first=Gus |title=Understanding Terrorism |publisher=SAGE Publications |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-4129-7059-4 |edition=third |pages=98β139}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Blakeley |first=R. |title=State Terrorism and Neoliberalism: The North in the South |publisher=Routledge |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-415-68617-4}}</ref><ref name="One-Sided Violence Against Civilian">{{cite journal |last1=Eck |first1=K. |last2=Hultman |first2=L. |year=2007 |title=One-Sided Violence Against Civilians in War |journal=Journal of Peace Research |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=233β246 |doi=10.1177/0022343307075124}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=White |first=M. |title=Atrocities: The 100 Deadliest Episodes in Human History |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |year=2013 |isbn=9780393345230}}</ref> State terrorism has been far deadlier than non-state terrorism historically. According to [[R. J. Rummel]], governments killed over 260 million people in the 20th century alone.<ref>{{cite book |last=Rummel |first=R. J. |title=Death by Government |publisher=Transaction Publishers |year=1994 |isbn=978-1-56000-927-6}}</ref> On the other hand, non-state terrorism caused fewer than 1 million deaths in the same period.<ref>{{cite web |year=2023 |title=Global Terrorism Database |url=https://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/}}</ref> Studies show that state forces are 3β5 times more lethal against civilians than insurgents.<ref name="One-Sided Violence Against Civilian"/>
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