Editing Sheffield (section)

===Museums===
[[File:Kelham Island Museum, Sheffield UK.jpg|thumb|[[Kelham Island Museum]] (left). The museum is home to The [[Bessemer converter|Bessemer Converter]], the most important technique for making [[steel]] from the 1850s to the 1950s.]]

Sheffield's museums are managed by two distinct organisations. [[Museums Sheffield]] manages the [[Weston Park Museum]] (a Grade II* listed Building), [[Millennium Galleries]] and [[Graves Art Gallery]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Our Museums |url=http://www.museums-sheffield.org.uk/museums/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007153402/http://www.museums-sheffield.org.uk/museums/ |archive-date=7 October 2013 |access-date=13 October 2013 |publisher=Museums Sheffield}}</ref> These museums constitute the oldest extant museums in the city, with Graves Art Gallery and Weston Park Museum being gifted to the city by industrialist philanthropists in the 19th and 20th centuries. The Millennium Galleries, being established in the early 2000s, is one of the newest museums and constitutes part of the Heart of the City development, connecting directly to the Winter Garden and Millennium Square. All three museums host a broad range of exhibits which reflect Sheffield's history and numerous other themes, including exhibitions on loan from other major galleries and museums.

[[Sheffield Industrial Museums Trust]] manages the museums dedicated to Sheffield's industrial heritage of which there are three.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sheffield Industrial Museums Trust |url=http://www.simt.co.uk/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821200732/http://www.simt.co.uk/ |archive-date=21 August 2011 |access-date=24 August 2011 |publisher=Sheffield Industrial Museums Trust}}</ref> [[Kelham Island Museum]] (located just to the North of the city centre) is located on the site of a 19th-century iron foundry and showcases the city's history of steel manufacturing and includes a range of important historical artifacts, including a preserved [[Bessemer converter|Bessemer Converter]] (which won an Engineering Heritage Award in 2004 from the [[Institution of Mechanical Engineers]]), munitions and mechanical components from WW2 aircraft (Including a crankshaft from a [[Spitfire]] which, during the early stages of the war, could only be produced in Sheffield) and a fully functional 12,000 horsepower steam engine dating to the 19th century.<ref>{{cite web |title=About |url=http://www.simt.co.uk/kelham-island-museum/about |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716120240/http://www.simt.co.uk/kelham-island-museum/about |archive-date=16 July 2011 |access-date=24 August 2011 |publisher=Sheffield Industrial Museums Trust}}</ref> The museum is an Anchor Point for the ERIH, [[European Route of Industrial Heritage|The European Route of Industrial Heritage]]. [[Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet]] (in the south of the city) is a Grade I listed building and a [[Scheduled Ancient Monument]].<ref>{{cite web |title=About |url=http://www.simt.co.uk/abbeydale-industrial-hamlet/about |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716120259/http://www.simt.co.uk/abbeydale-industrial-hamlet/about |archive-date=16 July 2011 |access-date=24 August 2011 |publisher=Sheffield Industrial Museums Trust}}</ref> [[Shepherd Wheel]] (in the south-East of the city) is a former water-powered grinding [[workshop]], Grade II listed and a [[Scheduled Ancient Monument]].<ref>{{cite web |title=What to see |url=http://www.simt.co.uk/shepherd-wheel-workshop/what-to-see |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928010147/http://www.simt.co.uk/shepherd-wheel-workshop/what-to-see |archive-date=28 September 2011 |access-date=24 August 2011 |publisher=Sheffield Industrial Museums Trust}}</ref> Also there are [[Sheffield Archives]].

In August 2022 the Yorkshire Natural History Museum opened on Holme Lane in Sheffield. Many of the exhibits come from the collection of James Hogg and feature a collection of Jurassic marine life, such as [[Ammonoidea|ammonites]], [[Belemnitida|belemnites]], [[Plesiosaurus|plesiosaurs]] and [[ichthyosaur]]s, many of which were collected from the Lias of the Yorkshire Coast. The museum has Europe's first publicly accessible fossil preparation and conservation laboratory with ultrasonic preparation facilities, an acid preparation laboratory, 3D scanning, CT scanning and 3D printing.<ref>{{cite news |date=13 August 2022 |title=Sheffield: New natural history museum opens in city |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-62520254 |url-status=live |access-date=13 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813111420/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-62520254 |archive-date=13 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=13 August 2022 |title=Brand new Natural History Museum opening in Sheffield – The Geological Curators' Group |url=https://www.geocurator.org/news/574-brand-new-natural-history-museum-opening-in-sheffield |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824052948/https://www.geocurator.org/news/574-brand-new-natural-history-museum-opening-in-sheffield |archive-date=24 August 2022 |access-date=13 August 2022 |website=geocurator.org}}</ref> On the opening day palaeontologist Dean Lomax exmined one of the fossils on display and declared it to be the oldest example of a vertebrate embryo found in Britain and the oldest complete ichthyosaur embryo ever found in Britain.<ref>{{cite web |last=Brown |first=Mark |date=15 August 2022 |title='The whole embryo was there': expert makes rare find on Sheffield museum opening day |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/aug/15/expert-makes-rare-find-sheffield-museum-opening-day-yorkshire-natural-history-museum |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815145011/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/aug/15/expert-makes-rare-find-sheffield-museum-opening-day-yorkshire-natural-history-museum |archive-date=15 August 2022 |access-date=16 August 2022 |website=The Guardian}}</ref>

There are also a number of independent museums in the city including the [[National Videogame Museum (United Kingdom)|National Videogame Museum]] and the [[National Emergency Services Museum]], as well as the University of Sheffield's [[Turner Museum of Glass]].