Editing Shanghai (section)

===Air and sea===
{{See also|Port of Shanghai}}
[[File:Shanghai_Pudong_International_Airport_Interior.jpg|thumb|right|Inside Shanghai Pudong International Airport Terminal 1]]

Shanghai is one of the largest air transportation hubs in Asia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.asiatimes.com/2019/08/article/new-satellite-terminals-to-propel-shanghais-ascent-hold-fri-morn/|title=New satellite terminals to propel Shanghai's ascent|last=Chan|first=KG|date=15 August 2019|website=Asia Times Online|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821174057/https://www.asiatimes.com/2019/08/article/new-satellite-terminals-to-propel-shanghais-ascent-hold-fri-morn/|archive-date=21 August 2019|access-date=17 November 2019}}</ref> The city has two commercial airports: [[Shanghai Pudong International Airport]] and [[Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport]].<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.shanghaifocus.com/guide/Shanghai/transportation-index.html|title=Transportation|publisher=Shanghai Focus|access-date=5 May 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101230072918/http://www.shanghaifocus.com/guide/Shanghai/transportation-index.html|archive-date=30 December 2010}}</ref> Pudong International Airport is the primary international airport, while Hongqiao International Airport mainly operates domestic flights with limited short-haul international flights. In 2018, Pudong International Airport served 74.0 million passengers and handled 3.8 million tons of cargo, making it the ninth-busiest airport by passenger volume and third-busiest airport by cargo volume.<ref name="aerodata">{{cite web|url=https://aci.aero/news/2019/03/13/preliminary-world-airport-traffic-rankings-released|title=Preliminary world airport traffic rankings released|date=13 March 2019|website=[[Airports Council International]]|access-date=12 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190910062136/https://aci.aero/news/2019/03/13/preliminary-world-airport-traffic-rankings-released/|archive-date=10 September 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.panynj.gov/content/dam/airports/statistics/statistics-general-info/annual-atr/ATR2019.pdf |title=2019 Annual Airport Traffic Report |publisher=Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. |year=2020 |location=United States |access-date=17 March 2022 |archive-date=27 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127110141/https://www.panynj.gov/content/dam/airports/statistics/statistics-general-info/annual-atr/ATR2019.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> The same year, Hongqiao International Airport served 43.6 million passengers, making it the 19th-busiest airport by passenger volume.<ref name="aerodata" />

[[File:Yangshan-Port-Balanced.jpg|thumb|Due to [[Yangshan Port]], Shanghai has become the world's busiest container port.]]
Since its opening, the Port of Shanghai has rapidly grown to become the largest port in China.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=zh:上海：一个城市的传奇和梦想|work=[[Sina News]] |date=12 September 2006|url=http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2006-09-12/164610990261.shtml|access-date=11 March 2011|language=zh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111112053622/http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2006-09-12/164610990261.shtml|archive-date=12 November 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> Yangshan Port was built in 2005 because the river was unsuitable for docking large [[container ships]]. The port is connected with the mainland through the {{Convert|32|km|mi|adj=on|sp=us}} long [[Donghai Bridge]]. Although the port is run by the [[Shanghai International Port Group]] under the government of Shanghai, it administratively belongs to Shengsi County, Zhejiang.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=zh:2017年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：嵊泗县|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2017/33/09/330922.html|work=[[National Bureau of Statistics of China]]|access-date=7 October 2019|language=zh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190610191432/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2017/33/09/330922.html|archive-date=10 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

Overtaking the [[Port of Singapore]] in 2010,<ref>{{cite news|title=Shanghai overtakes S'pore as world's busiest port|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/BreakingNews/Singapore/Story/STIStory_621944.html|newspaper=The Straits Times|date=8 January 2011|access-date=14 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815030034/http://www.straitstimes.com/BreakingNews/Singapore/Story/STIStory_621944.html|archive-date=15 August 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> the Port of Shanghai has become [[List of world's busiest container ports|world's busiest container port]] with an annual [[twenty-foot equivalent unit|TEU]] transportation of 42 million in 2018.<ref name="Lloyd's2019">[https://lloydslist.maritimeintelligence.informa.com/one-hundred-container-ports-2019#comment One Hundred Ports 2019] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826231536/https://lloydslist.maritimeintelligence.informa.com/one-hundred-container-ports-2019#comment|date=26 August 2019}} Lloyd's List，2019</ref> Besides cargo, the Port of Shanghai handled 259 cruises and 1.89 million passengers in 2019.<ref name="SHECO2019" />

Shanghai is part of the [[21st Century Maritime Silk Road]] that runs from the Chinese coast to the south via the southern tip of [[India]] to [[Mombasa]], from there to the Mediterranean, there to the Upper Adriatic region to the northern Italian hub of [[Trieste]] with its rail connections to [[Central Europe|Central]] and the [[Eastern Europe]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://besacenter.org/perspectives-papers/china-mediterranean-silk-road/|title=China's Maritime Silk Road Initiative|date=22 July 2018|access-date=21 January 2021|archive-date=29 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129233212/https://besacenter.org/perspectives-papers/china-mediterranean-silk-road/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Wolf D. Hartmann, Wolfgang Maennig, Run Wang: Chinas neue Seidenstraße. (2017).</ref><ref>Jean-Marc F. Blanchard "China's Maritime Silk Road Initiative and South Asia" (2019).</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Maritime Shipping and Export Trade on "Maritime Silk Road"|first1=Bao|last1=Jiang|first2=Jian|last2=Li|first3=Chunxia|last3=Gong|date=1 June 2018|journal=The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics|volume=34|issue=2|pages=83–90|doi=10.1016/j.ajsl.2018.06.005|s2cid=169732441|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merkur.de/politik/neue-seidenstrasse-china-beteiligte-laender-verlauf-deutschland-kritik-90466338.html|title=Neue Seidenstraße: Das Mega-Projekt aus China|website=www.merkur.de|date=12 December 2022|access-date=7 January 2022|archive-date=29 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629064839/https://www.merkur.de/politik/neue-seidenstrasse-china-beteiligte-laender-verlauf-deutschland-kritik-90466338.html|url-status=live}}</ref>