Editing Second Chechen War (section)

===Civilian losses===
{{Main|Casualties of the Second Chechen War}}
[[File:Fosse commune de Saadi-Kotar.jpg|thumb|A Russian soldier stands on a mass grave of Chechen civilians in Komsomolskoye, 2000]]
In the Second Chechen War, over 60,000 combatants and non-combatants were killed.{{Sfn|Coene|2009|p=145}} Civilian casualty estimates vary widely. According to the pro-Moscow [[Chechnya]] government, 160,000 combatants and non-combatants died or have gone missing in the two wars, including 30,000–40,000 Chechens and about 100,000 Russians,<ref>[http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/08/15/news/chech.php Chechen official puts death toll for 2 wars at up to 160,000]  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301034653/http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/08/15/news/chech.php |date=1 March 2009 }}  International Herald Tribune, 16 August 2005</ref><ref>[http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2005/08/b23f8d99-f15d-4b40-882c-975598c29ae3.html Russia: Chechen Official Puts War Death Toll At 160,000] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613004501/http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2005/08/b23f8d99-f15d-4b40-882c-975598c29ae3.html |date=13 June 2008 }} RFE/RL, 16 August 2005</ref> while separatist leader Aslan Maskhadov (deceased) repeatedly claimed about 200,000 ethnic Chechens died as a consequence of the two conflicts.<ref>[http://www.themoscowtimes.com/stories/2005/08/16/011.html Death Toll Put at 160,000 in Chechnya] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080829231310/http://www.themoscowtimes.com/stories/2005/08/16/011.html |date=29 August 2008 }}  [[The Moscow Times]], 16 August 2005</ref> A 2005 report by Al Jazeera estimated the total death toll from the two wars, including civilians and combatants, to be around 300,000.<ref>{{cite news |title=Official: Chechen wars killed 300,000 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2005/6/26/official-chechen-wars-killed-300000 |access-date=30 December 2024 |publisher=Al Jazeera |date=26 June 2005}}</ref> As in the case of military losses, these claims can not be independently verified. According to a count by the Russian human rights group [[Memorial (society)|Memorial]] in 2007, up to 25,000 civilians have died or disappeared since 1999.<ref name="alert">[http://www.alertnet.org/db/crisisprofiles/RU_WAR.htm?v=in_detail Chechnya war] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100620001101/http://www.alertnet.org/db/crisisprofiles/RU_WAR.htm?v=in_detail |date=20 June 2010 }}, Reuters AlertNet, 11 April 2007</ref> According to Amnesty International in 2007, the second war killed up to 25,000 civilians since 1999, with up to another 5,000 people missing.<ref name="jamestown.org"/> However, the [[Russian-Chechen Friendship Society]] set their estimate of the total death toll in two wars at about 150,000 to 200,000 civilians.<ref name="casualties"/>