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=== Closed-loop perception === The theory of [[closed-loop transfer function|closed-loop perception]] proposes dynamic motor-sensory closed-loop process in which information flows through the environment and the brain in continuous loops.<ref name="Dewey1">{{cite journal |author=Dewey J |year=1896 |title=The reflex arc concept in psychology |url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a7ab/dafa9cca3547d8f441ee9dc3b5ad19ee7f59.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=[[Psychological Review]] |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=359β370 |doi=10.1037/h0070405 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106132335/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a7ab/dafa9cca3547d8f441ee9dc3b5ad19ee7f59.pdf |archive-date=2018-11-06 |s2cid=14028152}}</ref><ref name="Friston1">Friston, K. (2010) [http://bdl.kaist.ac.kr/lecture/2011springbis525/10%20(2010)%20The%20free-energy%20principle-%20a%20unified%20brain%20theory.pdf The free-energy principle: a unified brain theory?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808232006/http://bdl.kaist.ac.kr/lecture/2011springbis525/10%20(2010)%20The%20free-energy%20principle-%20a%20unified%20brain%20theory.pdf |date=8 August 2017 }} nature reviews neuroscience 11:127-38</ref><ref name="Tishby1">Tishby, N. and D. Polani, [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.259.8031&rep=rep1&type=pdf Information theory of decisions and actions], in Perception-Action Cycle. 2011, Springer. p. 601β636.</ref><ref name="AhiAssa1">{{cite journal |author=Ahissar E., Assa E. |year=2016 |title=Perception as a closed-loop convergence process |journal=[[eLife]] |volume=5 |page=e12830 |doi=10.7554/eLife.12830 |pmc=4913359 |pmid=27159238 |doi-access=free}}{{Creative Commons text attribution notice|cc=by4|from this source=yes}}</ref> Closed-loop perception appears consistent with anatomy and with the fact that perception is typically an incremental process. Repeated encounters with an object, whether conscious or not, enable an animal to refine its impressions of that object. This can be achieved more easily with a circular closed-loop system than with a linear open-loop one. Closed-loop perception can explain many of the phenomena that open-loop perception struggles to account for. This is largely because closed-loop perception considers motion to be an integral part of perception, and not an interfering component that must be corrected for. Furthermore, an environment perceived via sensor motion, and not despite sensor motion, need not be further stabilized by internal processes.<ref name="AhiAssa1" />
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