Editing Jupiter (god) (section)

=== Sources ===
[[Marcus Terentius Varro]] and [[Verrius Flaccus]]{{efn|The work of Verrius Flaccus is preserved through the summary of [[Sextus Pompeius Festus]] and his epitomist [[Paul the Deacon]].}} were the main sources on the theology of Jupiter and archaic Roman religion in general. Varro was acquainted with the ''[[Glossary of ancient Roman religion#libri pontificales|libri pontificum]]'' ("books of the [[College of Pontiffs|Pontiffs]]") and their archaic classifications.<ref>{{harvp|Dumézil|1974|loc="Remarques preliminaires" X}}; {{harvp|Dumézil|1977|p=59 ff}}; citing Lucien Gerschel "Varron logicien" in ''Latomus'' '''17''' 1958 pp. 65–72.</ref> On these two sources depend other ancient authorities, such as [[Ovid]], [[Maurus Servius Honoratus|Servius]], [[Aulus Gellius]], [[Macrobius]], [[Church Fathers|patristic texts]], [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus]] and [[Plutarch]].

One of the most important sources which preserve the theology of Jupiter and other [[List of Roman deities|Roman deities]] is ''[[City of God (book)|The City of God against the Pagans]]'' by [[Augustine of Hippo]]. Augustine's criticism of traditional Roman religion is based on Varro's lost work, ''[[Antiquitates rerum humanarum et divinarum|Antiquitates Rerum Divinarum]]''. Although a work of [[Christian apologetics]], ''The City of God'' provides glimpses into Varro's theological system and authentic Roman theological lore in general. According to Augustine,<ref>Augustine ''De Civitate Dei'' IV 27; VI 5.</ref> Varro drew on the pontiff [[Quintus Mucius Scaevola Pontifex|Mucius Scaevola]]'s tripartite theology:

* The [[mythical theology|mythic theology]] of the poets (useful for the [[Theatre of ancient Rome|theatre]])
* The [[Natural theology|physical theology]] of the philosophers (useful for understanding the natural world)
* The civil theology of the priests (useful for the state)<ref>{{cite journal |first=J. |last=Pépin |title=La théologie tripartite de Varron |journal=Revue des études augustiniennes |volume=2 |date=1956 |pages=265–294|doi=10.1484/J.REA.5.103923 }} Dumézil has pointed out that even though Augustine may be correct in pointing out cases in which Varro presented under the civil theology category contents that may look to belong to mythic theology, nevertheless he preserved under this heading the lore and legends ancient Romans considered their own.</ref>