Editing Hungary (section)

== Culture ==
{{Main|Culture of Hungary|List of World Heritage Sites in Hungary|National symbols of Hungary}}
{{See also|Cinema of Hungary|List of films shot in Budapest|List of domesticated animals from Hungary}}

=== Architecture ===
{{Main|Architecture of Hungary}}
{{more citations needed|date=April 2022}}
[[File:Apátsági templom (8941. számú műemlék) 7.jpg|thumb|right|Romanesque [[Ják Abbey]], built between 1220 and 1256]]
[[File:Kiskunfélegyháza, városháza 2019 06.jpg|thumb|right|Closeup of the Hungarian [[Art Nouveau]] architectural details on the Kiskunfélegyháza Town Hall]]
Hungary is home to the [[Dohány Street Synagogue|largest synagogue in Europe]], built in 1859 in [[Moorish Revival architecture|Moorish Revival]] style with a capacity of 3,000 people; the [[Széchenyi thermal bath|largest medicinal bath in Europe]], completed in 1913 in Modern [[Renaissance architecture|Renaissance style]] and located in the Budapest city park; one of the [[Esztergom Basilica|largest basilicas in Europe]]; the [[Pannonhalma Archabbey|second-largest territorial abbey]] in the world; and the largest [[Pécs|early Christian necropolis]] outside Italy. Notable architectural styles include [[Historicism]] and variants of [[Art Nouveau]]. In contrast to Historicism, Hungarian Art Nouveau is based on national architectural characteristics. Taking the eastern origins of the Hungarians into account, [[Ödön Lechner]], the most important figure in Hungarian Art Nouveau, was initially inspired by Asian architecture and later by traditional Hungarian decorative designs. In this way, he created an original synthesis of architectural styles. By applying them to three-dimensional architectural elements, he produced a version of Art Nouveau that was specific to Hungary. Turning away from the style of Lechner, yet taking inspiration from his approach, the group of "Young People" (''Fiatalok''), which included [[Károly Kós]] and Dezsö Zrumeczky, used the characteristic structures and forms of traditional Hungarian architecture to achieve the same end.

Besides the two principal styles, Budapest also displays local versions of trends originating from other European countries. The [[Secession (art)|''Sezession'']] from [[Vienna]], the German ''[[Jugendstil]]'', ''Art Nouveau'' from Belgium and France, and the influence of English and Finnish architecture are all reflected in the buildings constructed at the turn of the 20th century. [[Béla Lajta]] initially adopted Lechner's style, subsequently drawing his inspiration from English and Finnish trends; after developing an interest in the [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] style, he finally arrived at modern architecture. [[Aladár Árkay]] took almost the same route. [[István Medgyaszay]] developed his own style, which differed from Lechner's, using stylised traditional motifs to create decorative designs in concrete. In the sphere of applied arts, those chiefly responsible for promoting the spread of Art Nouveau were the School and Museum of Decorative Arts, which opened in 1896.

In the Budapest downtown area almost all the buildings are about one hundred years old, with thick walls, high ceilings, and motifs on the front walls.<ref name="Eliznik.org.uk">{{cite web|title=Magyar (Hungarian) migration, 9th century|url=http://www.eliznik.org.uk/EastEurope/History/migration-map/hungarian-migration.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006210045/http://www.eliznik.org.uk/EastEurope/History/migration-map/hungarian-migration.htm|archive-date=6 October 2008|access-date=20 September 2009|website=Eliznik.org.uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://budapestcorner.com/index.php/flats/general-information|title=General information on various student flats and building types in Budapest|publisher=Budapest Corner|access-date=11 December 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214123942/http://budapestcorner.com/index.php/flats/general-information|archive-date=14 December 2010}}</ref>

=== Music ===
{{Main|Music of Hungary}}
[[File:Budapest Opera 1.jpg|thumb|The [[Hungarian State Opera House]] on [[Andrássy út]] (a [[World Heritage Site]])]]
Hungarian music consists mainly of traditional [[Hungarian folk music]] and music by prominent composers such as [[Franz Liszt]] and [[Béla Bartók]], considered to be among the greatest Hungarian composers. Other renowned composers are [[Ernst von Dohnányi]], [[Franz Schmidt (composer)|Franz Schmidt]], [[Zoltán Kodály]], [[Gabriel von Wayditch]], [[Rudolf Wagner-Régeny]], [[László Lajtha]], [[Franz Lehár]], [[Emmerich Kálmán|Imre Kálmán]], [[Sándor Veress]] and [[Miklós Rózsa]]. Hungarian traditional music tends to have a strong [[dactyl (poetry)|dactylic]] rhythm, as the language is invariably stressed on the first syllable of each word.

Hungary has renowned composers of contemporary classical music, [[György Ligeti]], [[György Kurtág]], [[Péter Eötvös]], [[Zoltán Kodály]] and [[Zoltán Jeney]] among them. Bartók was among the most significant musicians of the 20th century. His music was invigorated by the themes, modes, and rhythmic patterns of the Hungarian and neighbouring folk music traditions he studied, which he synthesised with influences from his contemporaries into his own distinctive style.<ref>[http://mek.oszk.hu/02100/02172/html/index.html Szabolcsi] Although the Hungarian upper class has long had cultural and political connections with the rest of Europe, leading to an influx of European musical ideas, the rural peasants maintained their own traditions such that by the end of the 19th century Hungarian composers could draw on rural peasant music to (re)create a Hungarian classical style. For example, [[Béla Bartók]] and [[Zoltán Kodály]], two of Hungary's most famous composers, are known for using folk themes in their own music.</ref>
Folk music is a prominent part of the national identity and has been significant in former country parts that belong—since the 1920 Treaty of Trianon—to neighbouring countries such as Romania, Slovakia, Poland and especially in southern Slovakia and Transylvania. After the establishment of a music academy led by Liszt and [[Ferenc Erkel]], 
[[File:Bartók Béla 1927.jpg|thumb|Composer [[Béla Bartók]]]]
Broughton claims that Hungary's "infectious sound has been surprisingly influential on neighboring countries (thanks perhaps to the common Austro-Hungarian history) and it's not uncommon to hear Hungarian-sounding tunes in Romania, Slovakia and Poland".<ref>Szalipszki, p. 12<br />Refers to the country as "widely considered" to be a "home of music".</ref> It is also strong in the [[Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County|Szabolcs-Szatmár]] area and in the southwest part of Transdanubia, near the border with Croatia. The [[Busójárás]] carnival in Mohács is a major Hungarian folk music event, formerly featuring the long-established and well-regarded [[Bogyiszló Orchestra]].<ref name="Broughton">Broughton, pp. 159–167</ref>

Hungarian classical music has long been an "experiment, made from Hungarian antecedents and on Hungarian soil, to create a conscious musical culture [using the] musical world of the folk song".<ref>Szabolcsi, ''The Specific Conditions of Hungarian Musical Development''<br />"Every experiment, made from Hungarian antecedents and on Hungarian soil, to create a conscious musical culture (music written by composers, as different from folk music), had instinctively or consciously striven to develop widely and universally the musical world of the folk song. Folk poetry and folk music were deeply embedded in the collective Hungarian people's culture, and this unity did not cease to be effective even when it was given from and expression by individual creative artists, performers and poets."</ref> Although the Hungarian upper class has long had cultural and political connections with the rest of Europe, leading to an influx of European musical ideas, the rural peasants maintained their own traditions such that by the end of the 19th-century Hungarian composers could draw on rural peasant music to (re)create a Hungarian classical style.<ref name="Szabolcsi">{{cite web|url=http://mek.oszk.hu/02100/02172/html/index.html|title=Szabolcsi|website=Mek.oszk.hu|access-date=20 September 2009}}</ref> For example, Bartók collected folk songs from across Central and Eastern Europe, including Romania and Slovakia, while Kodály was more interested in creating a distinctively Hungarian musical style.

During the era of communist rule in Hungary, a Song Committee scoured and censored popular music for traces of subversion and ideological impurity. Since then, however, the Hungarian music industry has begun to recover, producing successful performers in the fields of [[jazz]] such as trumpeter [[Rudolf Tomsits]], pianist-composer [[Károly Binder]] and, in a modernised form of Hungarian folk, [[Ferenc Sebő]] and [[Márta Sebestyén]]. The three giants of Hungarian rock, [[Illés (band)|Illés]], [[Metró (Hungarian band)|Metró]] and [[Omega (band)|Omega]], remain very popular, especially Omega, which has followings in Germany and beyond as well as in Hungary. Older veteran underground bands such as [[Beatrice (band)|Beatrice]], from the 1980s, also remain popular.

=== Cuisine ===
{{Main|Hungarian cuisine}}
{{See also|Hungarian wine|Beer in Hungary}}
 [[File:Dobos cake (Gerbeaud Confectionery Budapest Hungary).jpg|thumb|[[Dobos torte]]]]
Traditional dishes such as the world-famous [[goulash]] (''gulyás'' stew or ''gulyás'' soup) feature prominently in Hungarian cuisine. Dishes are often flavoured with [[paprika]] (ground red peppers), a Hungarian innovation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sulinet.hu/tart/fcikk/Kjc/0/23144/1|title=Sulinet: Magyar növény-e a paprika?|website=Sulinet.hu|access-date=21 November 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620004145/http://www.sulinet.hu/tart/fcikk/Kjc/0/23144/1|archive-date=20 June 2008}}</ref> The paprika powder, obtained from a special type of pepper, is one of the most common spices used in typical Hungarian cuisine. Thick, heavy sour cream called ''[[tejföl]]'' is often used to soften the flavour of a dish. The famous Hungarian hot river fish soup called [[fisherman's soup]] or ''halászlé'' is usually a rich mixture of several kinds of poached fish.<ref>{{cite book|first=Karoly|last=Gundel|title=Gundel's Hungarian cookbook|publisher=Corvina|location=Budapest|year=1992|isbn=963-13-3600-X|oclc=32227400}}page 23</ref>

Other dishes are [[chicken paprikash]], [[foie gras]] made of goose liver, ''[[pörkölt]]'' stew, ''vadas'', (game stew with vegetable gravy and [[Spätzle|dumplings]]), trout with almonds and salty and sweet dumplings, like ''[[túrós csusza]]'', (dumplings with fresh [[Quark (dairy product)|quark]] cheese and thick sour cream). Desserts include the iconic [[Dobos torte]], [[strudel]]s (''rétes''), filled with apple, cherry, poppy seed or cheese, [[Palatschinke|Gundel pancake]], plum dumplings (''[[Knödel|szilvás gombóc]]''), ''somlói'' dumplings, dessert soups like chilled [[sour cherry soup]] and sweet chestnut puree, ''gesztenyepüré'' (cooked [[chestnut]]s mashed with sugar and rum and split into crumbs, topped with whipped cream). ''[[Pretzel|Perec]]'' and ''[[kifli]]'' are widely popular pastries.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AuM9b9dCG08C&q=kifli+bread&pg=PA157|title=Helen's Hungarian Heritage Recipes|last=Czégény|first=Clara Margaret|date=2006|publisher=Dream Machine Publishing|isbn=978-0-9780254-0-3|language=en}}</ref>

The ''csárda'' is the most distinctive type of Hungarian inn, an old-style tavern offering traditional cuisine and beverages. ''Borozó'' usually denotes a cosy old-fashioned wine tavern, ''pince'' is a beer or wine cellar and a ''söröző'' is a [[pub]] offering draught beer and sometimes meals. The ''bisztró'' is an inexpensive restaurant often with self-service. The ''büfé'' is the cheapest place, although one may have to eat standing at a counter. Pastries, cakes and coffee are served at the confectionery called ''cukrászda'', while an ''eszpresszó'' is a café.

[[File:Tokaji 6p 1989.jpg|thumb|The famous [[Tokaji]] wine. It was called ''Vinum Regum, Rex Vinorum'' ("Wine of Kings, King of Wines") by [[Louis XIV|Louis XIV of France]].]]

[[Pálinka]] is a fruit brandy, distilled from fruit grown in the orchards situated on the Great Hungarian Plain. It is a spirit native to Hungary and comes in a variety of flavours including apricot (''barack'') and cherry (''cseresznye''). However, plum (''szilva'') is the most popular flavour. Beer goes well with many traditional Hungarian dishes. The five main Hungarian beer brands are: [[Borsod Brewery|Borsodi]], [[Soproni]], [[Arany Ászok]], [[Kõbányai]], and [[Dreher Brewery|Dreher]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gaultmillau.hu/kalauz-2017/sorhelyzet-magyarorszag-2016|title=Sörhelyzet, Magyarország 2016 – Gault&Millau kalauz – Gault&Millau Magyarország|access-date=19 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304184347/http://www.gaultmillau.hu/kalauz-2017/sorhelyzet-magyarorszag-2016|archive-date=4 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> People traditionally do not clink their glasses or mugs when drinking beer. There is an urban legend in Hungarian culture that Austrian generals clinked their beer glasses to celebrate the execution of [[the 13 Martyrs of Arad]] in 1849. Many people still follow the tradition, although younger people often disavow it, citing that the vow was only meant to last 150 years.<ref>{{cite web|title=Koccintás sörrel|url=http://www.urbanlegends.hu/2005/06/17/koccintas-sorrel/|access-date=29 July 2011|language=hu|date=17 June 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309015613/http://www.urbanlegends.hu/2005/06/17/koccintas-sorrel/|archive-date=9 March 2009}}</ref>

[[Hungarian wine|Hungary is ideal for wine-making]], and the country can be divided into numerous regions.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://njt.hu/jogszabaly/2009-127-20-82|title=127/2009. (IX. 29.) FVM rendelet|publisher=Nemzeti Jogszabálytár / National Legislation (Hungary)|access-date=2 April 2022|language=hu}}</ref> The Romans brought vines to Pannonia, and by the 5th century AD, there are records of extensive vineyards in what is now Hungary. The Hungarians brought their wine-making knowledge from the East. According to [[Ahmad ibn Rustah|Ibn Rustah]], the Hungarian tribes were familiar with wine-making long before their [[Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin|conquest of the Carpathian Basin]].<ref>Ian Spencer Hornsey, The Chemistry and Biology of Winemaking, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2007, p. 49, {{ISBN|9780854042661}}</ref> The different wine regions offer a great variety of styles: the main products of the country are elegant and full-bodied dry whites with good acidity, although complex sweet whites ([[Tokaj wine region|Tokaj]]), elegant ([[Eger wine region|Eger]]) and full-bodied robust reds ([[Villány]] and [[Szekszárd]]). The main varieties are: Olaszrizling, [[Hárslevelű]], [[Furmint]], [[Pinot gris]] or Szürkebarát, [[Chardonnay]] (whites), Kékfrankos (or [[Blaufränkisch|Blaufrankisch]] in German), [[Kadarka]], [[Blauer Portugieser|Portugieser]], [[Zweigelt]], [[Cabernet Sauvignon]], [[Cabernet Franc]] and [[Merlot]]. The most famous wines from Hungary are [[Tokaji|Tokaji Aszú]] and [[Egri Bikavér]].<ref>This is the world-famous sweet, topaz-colored wine known throughout the English-speaking world as '''Tokay'''. "A rich, sweet, moderately strong wine of a topaz color, produced in the vicinity of Tokay, in Hungary; also, a similar wine produced elsewhere." ''Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language'' (Springfield, Mass.: G.&C. Merriam, 1913). See ''Tokay'' at page 2166.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eger.hu/hu/hirek/vezeto-hirek/c/egri-bikaver-hungarikum-lett-a-voros-cuvee-16832|title=Egri Bikavér – Hungarikum Lett a Vörös Cuvée|website=Eger.hu}}</ref> [[Tokaji]] wine has received accolades from numerous great writers and composers.<ref name="royal tokaji">{{cite web|url=http://www.royal-tokaji.com/wine_of_kings.php|title=True Heritage – Vinum Regum, Rex Vinorum – Wine of Kings, King of Wines|publisher=The Royal Tokaji Wine Company|access-date=6 July 2017|archive-date=28 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728095846/http://www.royal-tokaji.com/wine_of_kings.php|url-status=dead}}</ref>
For over 150 years, a blend of forty Hungarian herbs has been used to create the liqueur [[unicum]], a bitter, dark-coloured liqueur that can be drunk as an apéritif or after a meal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://zwackunicum.hu/en/markaink/unicum/|title=Unicum|publisher=[[Zwack]]}}</ref>

=== Sport ===
{{See also|Football in Hungary}}

[[File:Vaterpolo Hungary vs Italy semifinal game2.jpg|thumb|left|[[Hungary men's national water polo team]] is considered among the best in the world, holding the world record for Olympic golds and overall medals.]]
[[Hungary at the Olympics|Hungarian athletes]] have been successful contenders in the [[Summer Olympic Games]]. Hungary ranks 9th with a total of 511 medals in the [[All-time Olympic Games medal table|all-time Summer Olympic Games medal count]]. Hungary has the third-highest number of [[Olympic medal]]s per capita and second-highest number of gold medals per capita in the world.<ref>{{cite web|title=Medals Per Capita: All Summer Games|url=https://medalspercapita.com/#medals-per-capita:summer|access-date=15 August 2022|archive-date=14 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814003211/https://medalspercapita.com/#medals-per-capita:summer|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hungary has historically excelled in Olympic water sports. In [[water polo]] the men's Hungarian team is the [[Water polo at the Summer Olympics|leading medal winner by a significant margin]], and in swimming [[List of Olympic medalists in swimming (men)|the men's]] and [[List of Olympic medalists in swimming (women)|the women's]] teams are both rank fifth-most successful. Hungary leads the overall medal count in [[Canoeing at the Summer Olympics|canoeing and kayaking]]. Hungary won its first gold medal in Winter Olympics in 2018 in men's short track speed skating with a team of four: [[Csaba Burján]], [[Shaolin Sándor Liu]], [[Shaoang Liu]], and [[Viktor Knoch]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://hungarianfreepress.com/2018/02/22/chinese-hungarian-brothers-win-gold-for-hungary-at-winter-olympics/|title=Chinese-Hungarian brothers win gold for Hungary at Winter Olympics|date=22 February 2018|work=Hungarian Free Press|access-date=4 March 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=10 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410163030/https://hungarianfreepress.com/2018/02/22/chinese-hungarian-brothers-win-gold-for-hungary-at-winter-olympics/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Groupama Arena Budapest (17267881892).jpg|right|thumb|The [[Ferencváros Stadion|Groupama Aréna]], home of&nbsp;[[Ferencvárosi TC]], a [[UEFA stadium categories|UEFA Category 4 Stadium]]]]

Hungary hosted many global sports events, including the [[1997 World Amateur Boxing Championships]], [[2000 World Fencing Championships]], [[2001 World Allround Speed Skating Championships]], [[2008 World Interuniversity Games]], [[2008 World Modern Pentathlon Championships]], [[2010 ITU World Championship Series]], 2011 [[IIHF World Championship]], [[2013 World Fencing Championships]], [[2013 World Wrestling Championships]], 2014 [[World Masters Athletics Championships]], [[2017 World Aquatics Championships]] and [[2017 World Judo Championships]], only in the last two decade. Besides these, Hungary was the home of many European-level tournaments, like [[2006 European Aquatics Championships]], [[2010 European Aquatics Championships]], [[2013 European Judo Championships]], [[2013 European Karate Championships]], [[2017 European Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships|2017 European Rhythmic Gymnastics Championship]] and hosted 4 matches in the [[UEFA Euro 2020]], which were held in the 67,889-seat new [[Multi-purpose stadium|multi-purpose]] [[New Puskás Ferenc Stadium|Puskás Ferenc Stadium]].
Hungary has won three Olympic football titles. Hungary revolutionised the sport in the 1950s, laying the tactical fundamentals of [[Total Football|total football]] and dominating international football with the ''Aranycsapat'' ("[[Golden Team]]"), which included [[Ferenc Puskás]], top goal scorer of the 20th century,<ref name="FIFA benefit">{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/organisation/president/index/0,4095,110412,00.html?articleid=110412|title=FIFA President: FIFA to help the Galloping Major|publisher=[[FIFA]]|date=12 October 2005|access-date=17 November 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061007122035/http://www.fifa.com/en/organisation/president/index/0%2C4095%2C110412%2C00.html?articleid=110412|archive-date=7 October 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Spanish obit">{{cite web|url=http://www.as.com/articulo/Futbol/Coronel/Puskas/zurdo/oro/dasftb/20061117dasdasftb_2/Tes/|title=Coronel Puskas, el zurdo de oro|language=es|work=[[AS (newspaper)|AS]]|date=17 November 2006|access-date=17 November 2006}}</ref><ref name="Puskás auction">{{cite news|url=http://sport.guardian.co.uk/golf/story/0,10069,1590809,00.html|last=Mackay|first=Duncan|work=The Guardian|location=London|title=Lineker tees up another nice little earner|date=13 October 2005|access-date=17 November 2006}}</ref> to whom FIFA dedicated<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/awards/gala/news/newsid=1120835.html|title=Blatter unveils FIFA Puskas Award|publisher=[[FIFA]]|date=21 October 2009|access-date=22 June 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430045505/http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/awards/gala/news/newsid%3D1120835.html|archive-date=30 April 2011}}</ref> its newest award, the [[FIFA Puskás Award|Puskás Award]]. The team of that era has the second [[World Football Elo Ratings#All-time highest ratings|all-time highest Football Elo Rating in the world]], with 2166, and one of the longest undefeated runs in football history, remaining unbeaten in 31 games spanning more than four years.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.eloratings.net/Hungary.htm|title=World Football Elo Ratings: Hungary|date=6 July 2017|access-date=6 July 2017}}</ref> The post-golden age decades saw a gradually weakening Hungary, though recently there is renewal in all aspects. The Hungarian Children's Football Federation was founded in 2008, as youth development thrives. They hosted the [[2010 UEFA Futsal Championship]] in Budapest and Debrecen, the first time the [[Hungarian Football Federation|MLSZ]] staged a [[UEFA]] finals tournament.

The [[Hungarian Grand Prix]] in [[Formula One]] has been held at the [[Hungaroring]] just outside Budapest, which circuit has [[Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile|FIA]] Grade 1 licence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fia.com/sites/default/files/tableaulicencescircuit.pdf|title=List of FIA Licensed Circuits|date=6 February 2015|publisher=[[FIA]]|access-date=28 May 2015}}</ref> Since 1986, the race has been a round of the [[Formula One]] World Championship. The track was completely resurfaced for the first time in early 2016, and it was announced the Grand Prix's deal was extended for a further five years, until 2026.<ref>{{cite web|title=Aszfaltavató a Hungaroringen|language=hu|url=http://hungaroring.hu/hu/hirek/aszfaltavato-a-hungaroringen|publisher=[[Hungaroring]]|quote="A Magyar Nagydíj szerződését újabb öt évvel meghosszabbítottuk, ami azt jelenti, hogy a futamunknak 2026-ig helye van a Formula–1-es versenynaptárban." Translates as "We have extended the Hungarian Grand Prix's contract for a further 5 years, which means that our race has a place on the F1 calendar until 2026".|date=14 April 2016|access-date=15 April 2016}}</ref>
[[Chess]] is a popular and successful sport, and the Hungarian players are the eighth most powerful overall on the ranking of [[FIDE|World Chess Federation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ratings.fide.com/topfed.phtml|title=Federations Ranking|date=19 November 2016|publisher=[[FIDE]]|access-date=19 November 2016|archive-date=12 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012133545/https://ratings.fide.com/topfed.phtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> There are about 54 [[Grandmaster (chess)|Grandmasters]] and 118 [[FIDE titles|International Masters]], which is more than in [[France]] or [[United Kingdom]]. [[Judit Polgár]] generally considered the [[Glossary of chess#Strength|strongest]] female chess player of all time. Some of the world's best [[Sabre (fencing)|sabre]] athletes have historically also hailed from Hungary,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fie.ch/Competitions/RankingList.aspx?param=8C508173B39155DD53B81E624647082B999A7254268EA043313A21E19F3CCE115928F31266BFED5C96744EFE404921371BA0B553CB9419D947CC609C9FC6CCFB48C6AE112ABA5A4EB917D1B7B1AFEA73D9301125242F40950B39007F8B30803B1428FD85451599C7E8B640F55FBB99F96E85563733B996F4DA086222E241E75C|title=FIE 2009–2010 men's rankings|work=Fie.ch|access-date=22 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fie.ch/Competitions/RankingList.aspx?param=F822EFF311A4B9B772C67048D9DA32F4B0EED82CC9D791272D364D08FDA7CEAE08236B030B5BAF7869033790E5CBFE0B1DE4945E6BF24D1B417CA444D76B51ABFDBEC84449C9BB34B6AC942A1FF403A3D9301125242F40950B39007F8B30803B1428FD85451599C7E8B640F55FBB99F96E85563733B996F4DA086222E241E75C|title=FIE 2009–2010 women's rankings|work=Fie.ch|access-date=22 June 2011}}</ref> and in 2009, the [[Hungary men's national ice hockey team]] qualified for their first [[Ice Hockey World Championships|IIHF World Championship]], in 2015, they qualified for their second world championship in the top division.