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=== {{anchor|Sub-Saharan Africa and Horn of Africa}}Africa === Hindi films were originally distributed to some parts of Africa by [[Lebanese people|Lebanese]] businessmen.<ref name="samar">{{cite web|last=Larkin |first=Brian |url=https://www.samarmagazine.org/archive/article.php?id=21 |title=Bollywood Comes To Nigeria |publisher=Samarmagazine.org |date=31 August 2002 |access-date=12 November 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100731164710/https://www.samarmagazine.org/archive/article.php?id=21 |archive-date=31 July 2010}}</ref> In the 1950s, Hindi and [[Egyptian films]] were generally more popular than Hollywood films in [[East Africa]]. By the 1960s, East Africa was one of the largest overseas export markets for Indian films, accounting for about 20-50% of global earnings for many Indian films.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fair |first1=Laura |chapter=Audience Preferences in Tanzania, 1950s-1980s |editor-last1=Saul |editor-first1=Mahir |editor-last2=Austen |editor-first2=Ralph A. |title=Viewing African Cinema in the Twenty-First Century: Art Films and the Nollywood Video Revolution |date=12 October 2010 |publisher=[[Ohio University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8214-1931-1 |pages=109β11 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cH0DaVXW0JMC&pg=PA109 |access-date=1 May 2022}}</ref> ''[[Mother India]]'' (1957) continued to be screened in [[Nigeria]] decades after its release. Indian movies have influenced [[Hausa people|Hausa]] clothing, songs have been covered by Hausa singers, and stories have influenced Nigerian novelists. Stickers of Indian films and stars decorate taxis and buses in Nigeria's [[Northern Region, Nigeria|Northern Region]], and posters of Indian films hang on the walls of tailoring shops and mechanics' garages. Unlike Europe and North America, where Indian films cater to the expatriate market, Bollywood films became popular in West Africa despite the lack of a significant Indian audience. One possible explanation is cultural similarity: the wearing of turbans, animals in markets; porters carrying large bundles, and traditional wedding celebrations. Within Muslim culture, Indian movies were said to show "respect" toward women; Hollywood movies were seen as having "no shame". In Indian movies, women are modestly dressed; men and women rarely kiss and there is no [[nudity]], so the films are said to "have culture" which Hollywood lacks. The latter "don't base themselves on the problems of the people"; Indian films are based on socialist values and the reality of developing countries emerging from years of colonialism. Indian movies permitted a new youth culture without "becoming Western."<ref name="samar"/> The first Indian film shot in Mauritius was ''[[Souten]]'', starring [[Rajesh Khanna]], in 1983.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.silverdollarproduction.com/film-shooting.html |title=Film Shooting in Mauritius |access-date=10 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220145113/https://www.silverdollarproduction.com/film-shooting.html |archive-date=20 December 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In [[South Africa]], film imports from India were watched by black and [[Indian South Africans|Indian]] audiences.<ref name="Rajinder" /> Several Bollywood figures have travelled to Africa for films and off-camera projects. ''[[Padmashree Laloo Prasad Yadav]]'' (2005) was filmed in South Africa.<ref>{{cite news|author=Balchand, K.|title=Lalu Prasad, at home|date=26 September 2004|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.hindu.com/2004/09/26/stories/2004092600682000.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041116044729/https://www.hindu.com/2004/09/26/stories/2004092600682000.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 November 2004|access-date=9 December 2009|location=Chennai, India}}</ref> ''[[Dil Jo Bhi Kahey...]]'' (2005) was also filmed almost entirely in [[Mauritius]], which has a large ethnic-Indian population. Bollywood, however, seems to be diminishing in popularity in Africa. New Bollywood films are more sexually explicit and violent. Nigerian viewers observed that older films (from the 1950s and 1960s) had more culture and were less Westernised.<ref name="samar" /> The old days of India avidly "advocating decolonization ... and India's policy was wholly influenced by his missionary zeal to end racial domination and discrimination in the African territories" were replaced.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.salon.com/tech/htww/2007/06/13/bollywood_in_africa/ |title=Bollywood in Africa β Is it getting too Western? β How the World Works |work=Salon |date=13 June 2007 |access-date=12 November 2010 |archive-date=19 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090919031439/https://www.salon.com/tech/htww/2007/06/13/bollywood_in_africa/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The emergence of [[Nollywood]] ([[West Africa]]'s film industry) has also contributed to the declining popularity of Bollywood films, as sexualised Indian films became more like American films. [[Kishore Kumar]] and [[Amitabh Bachchan]] have been popular in [[Egypt]] and [[Somalia]].<ref name="Baru">{{cite book|last=Baru|first=Sanjaya|title=Strategic Consequences of India's Economic Performance|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-70973-1|page=442|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rXE3cEqRcDoC}}</ref> In [[Ethiopia]], Bollywood movies are shown with Hollywood productions in [[town square]] theatres such as the Cinema Ethiopia in [[Addis Ababa]].<ref name="Phillips">{{cite book|first1=Matt|last1=Phillips|first2=Jean-Bernard|last2=Carillet|title=Ethiopia & Eritrea. Ediz. Inglese|year=2006|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74104-436-2|page=103|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7barYwB0UWcC}}</ref> Less-commercial Bollywood films are also screened elsewhere in [[North Africa]].<ref name="Carter">{{cite book|last=Carter|first=Sandra Gayle|title=What Moroccan Cinema?: A Historical and Critical Study|year=2009|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=978-0-7391-3187-9|page=9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PByNqtLQo8QC}}</ref>
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