Editing Ezra Pound (section)

===Radio broadcasts===
{{main|Ezra Pound's radio broadcasts, 1941–1945}}
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|source = —&nbsp;Ezra Pound, Radio Rome, 15 March 1942<ref>[https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/criminal/legacy/2010/04/11/ezra-pound-p1.pdf Pound radio broadcasts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017210110/https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/criminal/legacy/2010/04/11/ezra-pound-p1.pdf |date=17 October 2021 }}, United States Department of Justice (DOJ), 7.</ref>}}

Between 23 January 1941<ref>Feldman (2013), 94</ref> and 28 March 1945, including during the [[Holocaust in Italy]], Pound recorded or composed hundreds of broadcasts for Italian radio, mostly for [[Ente Italiano per le Audizioni Radiofoniche|EIAR]] (Radio Rome) and later for a radio station in the [[Italian Social Republic]], a [[puppet state]] of [[Nazi Germany]] in northern and central Italy.<ref>Feldman (2013), 99; Tytell (1987), 261</ref> Broadcast in English, and sometimes in Italian, German, and French,<ref>Feldman (2013), 83–84</ref> the EIAR program was transmitted to England, central Europe, and the United States.<!--check this--><ref>Tytell (1987), 261</ref>

Styling himself "Dr Ezra Pound" (his only doctorate was the honorary one from Hamilton College),<ref>Swift (2017), 232</ref> he attacked the United States, Roosevelt, Roosevelt's family, Churchill, and the Jews. He praised Hitler, recommended [[eugenics]] to "conserve the best of the race",<ref name=JusticeDeptp12>[https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/criminal/legacy/2010/04/11/ezra-pound-p1.pdf Pound radio broadcasts]. DOJ, 12–13.</ref> and referred to Jews as "filth".<ref>Tytell (1987), 266</ref> The broadcasts were monitored by the United States [[Foreign Broadcast Monitoring Service]], and on 26 July 1943 the [[United States District Court for the District of Columbia]] indicted Pound ''in absentia'' for [[Treason in the United States|treason]].<ref name=Tytell1987pp269-270>Tytell (1987), 269–270</ref> According to Feldman, the Pound archives at Yale contain receipts for 195 payments from the Italian [[Ministry of Popular Culture]] from 22 April 1941 to 26 January 1944. Over 33 months, Pound received 250,000 lire (then equivalent to $12,500; $185,000 as of 2013).<ref>Feldman (2013), 107</ref>

[[File:Italian-social-republic-and-civil-war.svg|thumb|left|upright=0.9|[[Italian Social Republic]], September 1943&nbsp;– May 1945]]
On 9–10 September 1943, the German [[Wehrmacht]] occupied northern and central Italy. Hitler appointed Mussolini head of a fascist puppet state, the [[Italian Social Republic]] or Salò Republic.<ref>Sarfatti (2006), 180</ref> Pound called it the "Republic of Utopia".<ref>Feldman (2013), 144</ref> [[Schutzstaffel|SS]] officers began concentrating Jews in transit camps before deporting them to [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz-Birkenau]].<ref>Sarfatti (2006), 180–181</ref> In Rome when the German occupation began, Pound headed north to [[Gais, South Tyrol|Gais]], on foot and by train, to visit his daughter, a journey of about {{convert|450|mile}}.<ref>Carpenter (1988), 627</ref>{{efn|According to his daughter, it was during this visit that Pound first told her he had a wife in Rapallo and a son in England.<ref>Tytell (1987), 272–273; Carpenter (1988), 628–629; Moody (2015), 66–67</ref>}} On or around 23 November 1943, he met [[Fernando Mezzasoma]], the new Minister of Popular Culture, in [[Salò]]. Pound wrote to Dorothy from Salò asking if she could obtain a radio confiscated from the Jews to give to Rudge, so that Rudge could help with his work.<ref>Moody (2015), 72</ref>

From 1 December 1943 Pound began writing scripts for the state's new radio station.<ref>Carpenter (1988), 632–633; Tytell (1987), 274</ref> The following day he suggested to [[Alessandro Pavolini]], secretary of the [[Republican Fascist Party]], that book stores be legally obliged to showcase certain books, including ''[[The Protocols of the Elders of Zion]]'' (1903), a [[Okhrana]] hoax document purporting to be a Jewish plan to dominate the world. "The arrest of Jews will create a wave of useless mercy," Pound wrote, "thus the need to disseminate the Protocols. The intellectuals are capable of a passion more durable than emotional, but they need to understand the reasons for a conflict."<ref name=Feldman2013p159>Feldman (2013), 159; Moody (2015), 74</ref> On 26 January 1945, in a script called "Corpses of Course" for the program ''Jerry's Front Calling'', Pound wrote: "Why shouldn't there be one grand beano; wiping out Sieff and Kuhn and Loeb and Guggenheim and Stinkenfinger and the rest of the nazal bleaters?"<ref>Feldman (2013), 159</ref>