Editing Edmonton (section)

=== Transportation ===
{{Main|Transportation in Edmonton}}
[[File:Edmonton International Airport Control Tower.jpg|thumb|The control tower for [[Edmonton International Airport]]. The [[international airport]] is the primary air passenger and air cargo facility for the Edmonton Metropolitan Region.]]

==== Aviation ====
{{see also|List of airports in the Edmonton Metropolitan Region}}

Edmonton is a major air transportation gateway to northern Alberta and northern Canada.<ref name="edmontoncanencyclo"/> The [[Edmonton International Airport]] (YEG) is the main airport serving the city.

The airport provides passenger service to destinations in the United States, Europe, Mexico, and the Caribbean. The airport is located within Leduc County, adjacent to the City of Leduc and the Nisku Industrial Business Park. With direct air distances from Edmonton to places such as [[London]] in United Kingdom being shorter than to other main airports in western North America,<ref>{{cite web |author=Edmonton Airports |title=Strategic Location |publisher=Edmonton Airports |url=http://corporate.flyeia.com/media/7735/437.pdf |access-date=November 1, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711013355/http://corporate.flyeia.com/media/7735/437.pdf |archive-date=July 11, 2011}}</ref> Edmonton Airports is working to establish a major container shipping hub called Port Alberta.<ref>{{cite web |author=Edmonton Airports |title=Port Alberta |publisher=Edmonton Airports |date=November 1, 2007 |url=http://corporate.edmontonairports.com/business_at_the_airport/port_alberta| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017112326/http://corporate.edmontonairports.com/business_at_the_airport/port_alberta |archive-date=October 17, 2007 |access-date=November 1, 2007}}</ref>

==== Rail ====
Edmonton serves as a major [[transportation hub]] for [[Canadian National Railway]], whose North American operations management centre is located at their Edmonton offices. It is also tied into the [[Canadian Pacific Kansas City]] network, which provides service from Calgary to the south and extends northeast of Edmonton to serve Alberta's Industrial Heartland.{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}

[[Inter-city rail]] passenger rail service is provided by [[Via Rail]]'s premier train, the [[Canadian (train)|''Canadian'']], as it travels between Vancouver, British Columbia, and [[Toronto]], Ontario. Passenger trains stop at the [[Edmonton railway station (Via Rail)|Edmonton railway station]] two days a week in both directions. The train connects Edmonton to multiple stops in British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Ontario.<ref name="Train station: Edmonton (Alberta)">{{cite web|url=http://www.viarail.ca/en/explore-our-destinations/stations/rockies-and-pacific/edmonton |title=Edmonton train station |author=Via Rail Canada |publisher=Via Rail Canada |access-date=May 3, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503102055/http://www.viarail.ca/en/explore-our-destinations/stations/rockies-and-pacific/edmonton |archive-date=May 3, 2014 }}</ref>

==== Public transit ====
{{Main|Edmonton Transit Service}}
[[File:ETS Bus Stadium Station, Edmonton.jpg|alt=|thumb|An ETS bus at the [[Stadium station (Edmonton)|Stadium Station]] transit centre]]

The [[Edmonton Transit Service]] (ETS) is the city's public transit agency, operating the [[Edmonton Light Rail Transit]] (LRT) network as well as a fleet of buses.<ref name="History of ETS">{{cite web|url=http://www.edmonton.ca/ets/ets-history-statistics.aspx |author=The City of Edmonton |title=History of ETS |access-date=August 14, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314002722/http://www.edmonton.ca/ets/ets-history-statistics.aspx |archive-date=March 14, 2016 }}</ref> In 2017, ETS served approximately 86,997,466 people; the bus system saw 62,377,183 riders, while the LRT network served 24,620,283 passengers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LRT ridership increases, but overall Edmonton Transit use down slightly|url=https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/lrt-ridership-increases-but-overall-edmonton-transit-use-down-slightly|access-date=September 30, 2020|website=Edmonton Journal|language=en-CA}}</ref>

From the 1990s to early 2009, Edmonton was one of two cities in Canada still operating [[trolley bus]]es, along with [[Trolley buses in Vancouver|Vancouver]]. On June 18, 2008, City Council decided to abandon the [[Trolley buses in Edmonton|Edmonton trolley bus system]]<ref name="TrolleyDecision">{{cite web|url=http://webdocs.edmonton.ca/meetings/minutes_council/cc20080618mn.doc |title=City Council Minutes{{snd}} June 18, 2008 |publisher=City of Edmonton |date=June 18, 2008 |access-date=September 19, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706180606/http://webdocs.edmonton.ca/meetings/minutes_council/cc20080618mn.doc |archive-date=July 6, 2011 }}</ref> and the last trolley bus ran on May 2, 2009.<ref name="lastdaytrolley">{{cite web|url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/about_ets/ets-trolley.aspx|title=Last Day of Trolley Operations|publisher=City of Edmonton|access-date=September 5, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616145950/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/about_ets/ets-trolley.aspx |archive-date=June 16, 2011}}</ref><ref name="Trolleyreachend">{{cite news |url=http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/story.html?id=a17d9aa6-0be1-4ae9-a977-0ca5a215d1ac |title=Trolleys reach end of the line |newspaper=Edmonton Journal |date=June 19, 2008 |access-date=September 19, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728182021/http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/story.html?id=a17d9aa6-0be1-4ae9-a977-0ca5a215d1ac |archive-date=July 28, 2011 }}</ref>

Scheduled LRT service began on April 23, 1978, with nine extensions of the network completed since.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Edmonton|first=City of|date=September 30, 2020|title=Future LRT|url=https://www.edmonton.ca/projects_plans/transit/future-lrt-projects.aspx|access-date=September 30, 2020|website=www.edmonton.ca}}</ref> The original Edmonton line is considered to be the first "modern" [[light rail]] line (i.e., built from scratch, rather than being an upgrade of an old system) in North America to be constructed in a city with a population of under one million people.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Edmonton|first=City of|date=September 30, 2020|title=History of ETS|url=https://www.edmonton.ca/ets/ets-history-statistics.aspx|access-date=September 30, 2020|website=www.edmonton.ca}}</ref> It introduced the use of German-designed rolling stock that subsequently became the standard light rail vehicle of the United States.<ref name="Edmonton Transit System's LRT History">{{cite web|author=Edmonton Transit System's LRT History|title=Edmonton Transit System's LRT History|url=http://www.barp.ca/bus/lrt/edmonton/history.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081008142122/http://www.barp.ca/bus/lrt/edmonton/history.html|archive-date=October 8, 2008|access-date=March 7, 2009}}</ref> The Edmonton "[[proof-of-payment]]" fare collection system adopted in 1980{{snd}} modelled after European ticket systems{{snd}} became the North American transit industry's preferred approach for subsequent light rail projects.<ref name="Edmonton's Light Rail Transit From Concept to Operations">{{cite book|url=http://pubsindex.trb.org/document/view/default.asp?lbid=174228|author=Edmonton's Light Rail Transit From Concept to Operations|title=Edmonton's Light Rail Transit From Concept to Operations|year=1981|publisher=National Academy of Sciences |isbn=9780309032582|access-date=March 7, 2009}}</ref> The four-year South LRT extension was opened in full on April 24, 2010, which sees trains travelling to [[Century Park station (Edmonton)|Century Park]]<ref name=edmontonlrt2005>{{cite web |title=South LRT Extension |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/FactSheet-SLRTExtension.pdf |publisher=City of Edmonton |access-date=November 27, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424025250/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/FactSheet-SLRTExtension.pdf |archive-date=April 24, 2013 }}</ref> (located at 23 Avenue and 111 Street), making stops at [[South Campus/Fort Edmonton Park station|South Campus]] and [[Southgate station (Edmonton)|Southgate Centre]] along the way.<ref name=edmontonlrt2005/> A line to the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology in north-central Edmonton using the same high-floor technology of the existing system opened September 6, 2015. The southeast leg of the [[Valley Line (Edmonton)|Valley Line]], which starts in Mill Woods and ends in the downtown core, opened on November 4, 2023, after experiencing significant delays.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Valley Line|url=https://www.edmonton.ca/projects_plans/transit/valley-line-lrt-mill-woods-to-lewis-farms.aspx|last=Edmonton|first=City of|date=May 16, 2020|website=www.edmonton.ca|access-date=May 16, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Edmonton's Valley Line Southeast LRT set to open Nov. 4 |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/edmonton-s-valley-line-southeast-lrt-to-open-1.7006127 |access-date=October 24, 2023 |work=CBC |date=October 24, 2023}}</ref> Construction on the second and final phase of the Valley Line, which will extend the line west to Lewis Farms, commenced in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Valley Line{{snd}} West|url=https://www.edmonton.ca/projects_plans/transit/valley-line-west.aspx|last=Edmonton|first=City of|date=May 16, 2020|website=www.edmonton.ca|access-date=May 16, 2020}}</ref> Unlike the Capital and Metro lines, trains on the Valley Line use low-floor technology.<ref name=":2" />

Edmonton is a member of the [[Edmonton Metropolitan Transit Services Commission]], which will begin service in mid-2022.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dyer|first=Kelsey|date=January 28, 2021|title=Regional transit commission approved by the Alberta government|url=https://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/regional-transit-commission-approved-by-the-alberta-government-1.5286424|access-date=February 16, 2021|website=Edmonton|language=en}}</ref> The Edmonton Metropolitan Transit Services Commission is scheduled to be disestablished May 31, 2023, as a result of Edmonton's withdrawal.

==== Roads and highways ====
[[File:AB216wRoad-Exit46BA-AB15 (33828017685).jpg|alt=|thumb|[[Anthony Henday Drive]] in Edmonton. The freeway is the main [[ring road]] for the city.]]
A largely gridded system forms most of Edmonton's street and road network.<ref name="Edmonton Transit System Advisory Board">{{cite web |url=http://webdocs.edmonton.ca/transit/about_ets/etsab2008Minutes/etsab_minutes_apr08.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326205306/http://webdocs.edmonton.ca/transit/about_ets/etsab2008Minutes/etsab_minutes_apr08.pdf |archive-date=March 26, 2009 |author=Edmonton Transit System Advisory Board |title=Edmonton Transit System Advisory Board |access-date=February 27, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The address system is mostly numbered, with streets running south to north and avenues running east to west. In built-up areas built since the 1950s, local streets and major roadways generally do not conform to the grid system. Major roadways include [[Kingsway (Edmonton)|Kingsway]], [[Yellowhead Trail]] ([[Alberta Highway 16|Highway&nbsp;16]]), [[Whitemud Drive]] and [[Anthony Henday Drive]].

The major roads connecting to other communities elsewhere in Alberta, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan are the [[Yellowhead Highway]] to the west and east and [[Alberta Highway 2|Highway&nbsp;2]] ([[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth&nbsp;II]] Highway) to the south.<ref name="Trans Canada Yellowhead Highway Association">{{cite web|url=http://www.transcanadayellowhead.com/ |author=Trans Canada Yellowhead Highway Association |title=Trans Canada Yellowhead Highway Association |access-date=March 7, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928145721/http://www.transcanadayellowhead.com/ |archive-date=September 28, 2007 }}</ref><ref name="Alberta Highway 2">{{cite web|url=http://www.transportation.alberta.ca/Content/docType329/Production/11x17_Provincial_Network_Map.pdf |author=Government of Alberta |title=Alberta Highway 2 |access-date=March 23, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705094637/http://www.transportation.alberta.ca/Content/docType329/Production/11x17_Provincial_Network_Map.pdf |archive-date=July 5, 2010 }}</ref>

==== Trail system ====
Edmonton maintains over {{Convert|160|km|abbr=on}} of multi-use trails, mostly within the river valley parkland system.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trails & Pathways|url=https://www.edmonton.ca/activities_parks_recreation/parks_rivervalley/trail-system.aspx|last=Edmonton|first=City of|date=May 25, 2020|website=www.edmonton.ca|access-date=May 25, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Trail System">{{cite web|url=http://edmonton.ca/activities_parks_recreation/parks_rivervalley/trail-system.aspx |author=The City of Edmonton |title=Trails & Pathways |access-date=May 3, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503151404/http://edmonton.ca/activities_parks_recreation/parks_rivervalley/trail-system.aspx |archive-date=May 3, 2014 }}</ref>